presentation to az water association november 9, 2016 · epa rsls (cercla) to be published in...

© Amec Foster Wheeler 2016.

The Changing Regulatory Landscape of Emerging ContaminantsPresentation to AZ Water Association

November 9, 2016

Presentation Outline

1. Introduction and Evolution of Compound Class

� Why are we here?

� What’s in a name?

2. US Regulatory Trends Analysis

� Current Criteria and Basis

� Trends and Anticipated Future Landscape

3. Summary

2 © Amec Foster Wheeler 2016.

Introduction and Evolution of Compound Class


In the news…why are we here?

© Amec Foster Wheeler 2016.4

� August 9th Release

� Implies over 8500 WWTP as PFAS Point Sources

� Academic Article published same day as press release in NPR, Washington Post, etc.

� Emphasizes social drivers influencing actions

PFAS: Why are we here?Escalating Issues across the country

What are PFAS?

6

Fluorinated Substances

Polyfluoroalkylsubstance

Perfluoroalkylsubstance

(PFCs)

i.e. FTOH

i.e8:2 FTOH

PFSA

i.e. PFOSi.e. PFOA

i.e. PFNA

PFCA

i.e. PFBS

Note:

This is a simplified representation of fluorinated substance sub-classes and in no way represents the entire fluorinated substances class

3 RC Buck et al. Guide to PFASs in the Environment- Integr Environ Assess Manag 7, 2011

7

Uses/sources

Oil and gas extractionElectroplating

(mist suppressants)

Manufacturing processes/

intermediates/ by-products

Consumer productsSemiconductor

industryAqueous film forming

foams

History: Evolution of PFAS manufacturing and use


TimelineTimeline 1950s 1970s 2000-Present1960s 1980s 1990s

Production

3M introduces PFOSDupont introduces PFOA

Widespread use

FDA approves use in food packaging (1967)

DoD Issued MiSpec-24385 –AFFF (1969)

Health effects3M finds PFOA in blood of workers (1978)

Environmental impacts

Dupont finds PFOA in drinking water near WV facility (1984)

PFOS production ceased

PFOA production ceased

3M Phases out production of PFOS (2002)

3M Phases out production of PFOA (2008)All other manufacturers phase out production (2015)

US Regulatory Trends

A Historical Analysis and Focused Look Ahead


Developing Regulatory Framework


Primary

Manufacturers

(3M, Dupont)

Aqueous Film-Forming Foam (AFFF)

Department of Defense

Manufacturing Intermediates/Users

(St. Gobain, ChemFab, APU [Wire manufacturing])

Tim

e

1990’s-2000’s

2009- 2012

2015-2016

• Parkersburg, WV – C8 Project (Dupont)• Decatur, AL -3M• Oakdale, MN -3M

• Washington County Landfills, MN – 3M

• Wurtsmith AFB• Warminster ANGB• Pease AFB

• Hoosick Falls, NY• Bennington, VT• Pownal, VT

Drin

kin

g w

ate

r --G

rou

nd

wate

r---

So

il --A

ir ---S

urfa

ce w

ate

r?

UCMR3 LIST PUBLISHED- MAY 2012

11

Regulations; US criteria in water by state

© Amec Foster Wheeler 2016.

Recommended new value

for PFOA of 0.014 ppb

(Sept 12th)

New “lower” criteria for

PFOS/PFOA before end of

year (Informed Sept 18th)

Prop65 intent to list (Sept 12th), HERO criteria

published by end of year

EPA RSLs (CERCLA) to be published in November

Year U.S. EPA PFOS PFOA

2016 EPA Region 2 NA 0.1

2016 EPA Office of Water 0.07 0.07

Year States PFOS PFOA

2006 North Carolina NA 2

2016 New Jersey NA 0.014

2009 Minnesota 0.3 0.3

2009 Ohio/WV NA 0.4

2009 Oregon 300 24

2010 California 0.2 0.4

2013 Illinois 0.2 0.4

2014 Maine 0.56 0.1

2015 Nevada NA NA

2016 New Hampshire 0.07 0.07

2016 Texas 0.56 0.29

2016 Vermont NA 0.02

2016 Delaware 0.07 0.07

2016 Michigan 0.011 0.089

2016 Alaska 0.16 0.4


� SDWA

� Newly published Lifetime Health Advisories (LHA) (May 19,

2016)

� Order of Magnitude lower

� Applies to Short-term and lifetime exposure

� Water Utility Implications as a result

� UCMR3 List reviewed and more than 2 dozen utilities now out of compliance

� Utilities looking to surrounding industry/Airport/DoD as sources

� CERCLA

� NYSDEC- Emergency Adoption & Proposed Rule 6 NYCRR Part 597 (May 16, 2016)

� NHDES –Ambient GW Quality Standards Emergency Rule (May 31, 2016)

� VT- Emergency Rule- Re-filed August 25, 2016

� MN –MDH –Promulgated HRL Re-evaluation (June 1, 2016)

� Federal EPA anticipates RSLs by end of the Year.

� FUTURE CONSIDERATIONS

� NPDES Permit evaluation potential

� NRDA Claims potential

� TSCA Reform Act

Regulatory Shifts - More Changes Anticipated

Regulatory Outlook and Anticipated Drivers

� Analyte consideration

• Current focus PFOS and PFOA at the Federal level.

• Assume PFHxS, PFNA, PFBS, PFBA will follow.

• EPA analytical methodology and relevance to branched and linear isomers.

� Regulatory framework shift

• Emphasis to date on SDWA.

• CERCLA starting to gain momentum.

� Additive Trends

• New HAs consider PFOS+PFOA. Assume this trend will follow through in CERCLA RSLs

13

• PFAS have been used in commerce for nearly 50 years

• PFAS are ubiquitous globally in humans and the environment

• Regulatory drivers are evolving quickly

• Proactive management is essential in understanding risks and liability


Summary/ Take-Away


Shalene Thomas, MS, PMP

Emerging Contaminants Program Manager

Amec Foster Wheeler

800 Marquette Avenue, #1200

Minneapolis, MN 55402

T – 612-252-3697

M – 612-490-7606

[email protected]

www.amecfw.com/ec

Thank You


1. http://www.nj.gov/dep/watersupply/g_boards_dwqi.html

2. http://oehha.ca.gov/proposition-65/crnr/notice-intent-list-perfluorooctanoic-

acid-pfoa-and-perfluorooctane-sulfonate

3. https://www.colorado.gov/pacific/cdphe/PFCs/health

4. http://www.clf.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/09/2016-9-7-Pease-NOI-CWA-

final.pdf

5. http://www.nicole.org/uploadedfiles/2016-06-

30%20PFAS%20fate%20and%20effects%20CONCAWE-

NICOLE%20report.pdf

6. http://apps.trb.org/cmsfeed/TRBNetProjectDisplay.asp?ProjectID=3833

7. http://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2016/08/09/489369852/federal-data-

shows-firefighting-chemicals-in-u-s-drinking-water-sources

8. http://www.health.gov.au/internet/main/publishing.nsf/Content/ohp-pfas.htm

References

presentation to az water association november 9, 2016 · epa rsls (cercla) to be published in...

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