presentation plugging

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Decommissioning Guidelines ProjectDecommissioning Guidelines Project

14 September 200714 September 2007

Well Plugging & Abandonment Well Plugging & Abandonment GuidelineGuideline

Pipat Jirapongpipat

14 September 200714 September 2007 Decommissioning Guidelines ProjectDecommissioning Guidelines Project 22

ContentsContents

Background

General Scope

References

Objectives

Well Plugging & Abandonment Guideline

Q & A

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1. วางแผนการขุดเจาะ

2. ฝงทอนาํกนัผิวดินถลม

3. ขุดเจาะชวงบน

4. วางทอกรุชวงบนและอัดซีเมนตรอบทอ

5. ขุดเจาะชวงกลาง

6. วางทอกรุชวงกลางและอัดซีเมนต

7. ขุดเจาะชวงผานแหลงกักเก็บปโตรเลียม

8. วางทอกรุผลิตและอัดซีเมนต

9. ติดต้ังทอผลิตและแพคเกอร

11. เจาะผนงัทอกร,ุ ซีเมนตและช้ันหนิ

12. ปโตรเลียมไหลเขาสูหลุมข้ึนตามทอผลิต

10. ติดต้ังชุดวาลวหัวบอ (Christmas Tree)

Petroleum Well (Onshore)Petroleum Well (Onshore)

~ 300 m

~ 1,800 m

~ 3,000 mDiameter ~ 7 inch


แทนหลุมผลิต (Wellhead Platform)

Petroleum Well (Offshore)Petroleum Well (Offshore)

ผิวทะเล

Petroleum Zone

Petroleum Well

ชดุวาลวหวับอ(Christmas Tree)

Sea

Formations

Mud Line

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Developed as part of the Thailand’s E&P Facilities Decommissioning Project, by summarizing the best practices worldwide of the Well P&A ensuring all wells are plugged and abandoned properly and safely

Minimum requirements of Thailand for the well plugging and abandonment

Involves setting cement plugs at critical intervals to prevent the wellborefrom becoming a conduit for fluid migration

The primary objectives of a well abandonment operation are protecting fresh water aquifers and confining hydrocarbon resources.

Well P&A GuidelineWell P&A Guideline

GeneralGeneral



• API Environmental Guidance Document: Well Abandonment and Inactive Well Practices for U.S. Exploration and Production Operations

• MMS’s Well Plugging & Abandonment• Handbook on Well Plugging and Abandonment by Dwight K.Smith• Alaska Oil & Gas Conservation Commission• California Abandonment Regulations May 2006• Colorado 300Series Well Abandonment• Illinois well-plugging-procedures• New York State Well Plugging and Related Work• Petroleum & Natural Gas Act; Drilling and Production Regulation• Texas Well Plugging; Railroad Commission of Texas

ReferencesReferences

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• Protect fresh water aquifers from contamination by formation fluid migration

• Isolate productive or non-completed producible hydrocarbon intervals

• Protect surface soils and surface waters from contamination by formation fluid migration to the surface

• Protect the offshore environment from contamination by formation fluid migration to the surface

• Isolate injection and disposal intervals

• Minimize conflict with surface land use


ObjectivesObjectives



•• Follow sound technical principles and good petroleum Follow sound technical principles and good petroleum engineering practices to prevent any damages to the engineering practices to prevent any damages to the environment and natural resourcesenvironment and natural resources

•• Written application and written approval from DMF before Written application and written approval from DMF before commencing Well P&A operationscommencing Well P&A operations

•• Plug and abandon all wells in accordance with the Plug and abandon all wells in accordance with the minimum requirements in this guidelineminimum requirements in this guideline

•• Plugging material in accordance with recognized Plugging material in accordance with recognized international standards, for example API Spec10, international standards, for example API Spec10, Specifications for Materials and Testing for Well CementsSpecifications for Materials and Testing for Well Cements””

•• DMF has discretion to approve a variance.DMF has discretion to approve a variance.

General RequirementsGeneral Requirements

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Fill well with appropriate kill weight fluid

Maintain well control throughout the operation

Plug all sections with appropriate materials

Minimum RequirementsMinimum Requirements


Surface

Fresh water

TD

Production Strata

Production Strata

Perforated Interval

Primary Cement

Casing Stub

Casing Shoe

Casing Shoe

Casing Shoe

Production Strata

Open Hole Section

Cased Hole Section

Open Hole to Cased Hole Transition



Open Hole SectionsOpen Hole Sections

Cement plugsacross all zones

Hydrocarbon Formation

Hydrocarbon Formation

Primary Cement

Cement Plug from TD

Hydrocarbon FormationTD

Primary Cement

Fresh Water Stratum

Cement plugs across all freshwater zones

≥ 100 ft ≥ 100 ft

≥ 100 ft

Casing

Open hole section

Cement Plug

Casing Shoe

Cased hole section

≥ 100 ft

≥ 100 ft

≥ 100 ft

≥ 100 ft

CementPlug

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Open Hole to Cased Hole Transitions (Casing Shoes)Open Hole to Cased Hole Transitions (Casing Shoes)

Cement across shoe

Casing Shoe

Primary Cement

50 - 100 ft

TD

≥ 50 feet Cement Plug

Mechanical Bridge Plug

Primary Cement

Mechanical & Cement Plug

50 ft - 100 ft

Retainer

Cement Plug ≥ 50 ft

≥ 100 ft

Primary Cement

Retainer & Cement Plug

Casing

Casing Shoe

≥ 100 ft

≥ 100 ft

Cement plug

Cased hole section

Open hole section



Cased Hole Perforated SectionsCased Hole Perforated SectionsSqueeze cement

into perforated holes

Perforated Interval

Perforated Interval

Perforated Interval

Squeezed Cement

Squeezed Cement

Squeezed Cement




50 – 100 ft.

50 – 100 ft.

50 – 100 ft.

Perforated Interval

Primary Cement

Perforated Interval

Perforated Interval

Cement Plug

≥ 100 feet

Cement Plug

Cement plugs inside casing




≥ 100 feet

≥ 100 feet

≥ 100 feet

≥ 100 feet

≥ 100 feet

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Cased Hole Perforated Sections (continued)Cased Hole Perforated Sections (continued)Cement from TD & across

perforated interval

Perforated Interval

TD

≥ 100 feet

Perforated Interval

Perforated Interval

≥ 200 ftCement Plug

Primary Cement

≤ 100 ft

Cement aboveperforated interval



Cement plugs across casing stubs

Casing Stub (After Cutting and Recovering)Casing Stub (After Cutting and Recovering)

Primary Cement

Retainer & cement plugs across casing stubs

Primary Cement

≥ 100 ft

≥ 100 ft

≥ 100 ft

≥ 100 ft

Casing Stub

Casing Shoe

Casing Shoe

Casing Stub

50 ftRetainer

150 ft

50 ft

3,000 m

1,800 m

300 m

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Primary Cement

Casing Stub



50 - 100 ft

Mechanical plug & cement above casing stubs

Primary Cement

Primary Cement

Casing Stub end

≤ 100 ft


Cement above casing stubs

Casing Stub (After Cutting and Recovering) continuedCasing Stub (After Cutting and Recovering) continued



Annuli open to mud line or surface and open to hole below are to be plugged with 200 ft cement.

Form

atio

ns

Squeezed cement≥ 200 ft

Squeezed cement≥ 200 ft

Other RequirementsOther Requirements

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Other Requirements (continued)Other Requirements (continued)

10 ft from surface level

≥ 200 ft Cement Plug(Top Plug)

Completely Plugged Well

Surface15 ft from mud line

Completely Plugged Well

Mud Line

≥ 200 ft Cement Plug(Top Plug)

≤ 150 ft

OnshoreOnshore OffshoreOffshore

welded to outer casing

Well abandonment marker

(1) Concessionaire name

(2) Well Name(3) Abandon date(4) Well’s surface

coordinate

details on the marker



• Intervals between plugs to have fluid of density sufficient to provide greater hydrostatic pressure than the formations

• Testing of plugs to 2,500 psi for 15 minutes <10% pressure drop

• Verify the location is clear of all obstructions

• Submit Final Well Plugging and Abandonment Report

• Temporary Abandonment with 2 tested mechanical barriers or a single 100 ft long cement plug 500-1000 ft from surface

Other Requirements (continued)Other Requirements (continued)

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Final Well P&A Final Well P&A Final Well P&A OffshoreOffshoreOffshore

Drilling Fluid

OnshoreOnshoreOnshore10 ft from surface level

Well abandonment marker

Surface

Fresh water

100 ft100 ft

100 ft

100 ft100 ft

100 ft

100 ft

100 ft100 ft

100 ft100 ft

100 ft100 ft

TDProduction Strata

Production Strata

Perforated Interval

Primary Cement

Primary Cement

Casing Stub

200 ft

Casing Shoe

Casing Shoe

Casing Shoe

15 ft from mud lineMud line

Fresh water

100 ft100 ft

100 ft

100 ft100 ft

100 ft

100 ft

100 ft100 ft

100 ft100 ft

100 ft100 ft

TDProduction Strata

Production Strata

Perforated Interval

Primary Cement

Primary Cement

Casing Stub

Drilling Fluid

≤ 150 ft

200 ft

Casing Shoe

Casing Shoe

Casing Shoe


API Well Plugging & Abandonment

API’s Schematic of Properly Plugged WellAPI’s Schematic of Properly Plugged Well

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Questions & AnswersQuestions & Answers


Thank You Thank You for for

Your Kind AttentionYour Kind Attention

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