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³Organizational Sustainability

throughKnowledge Transferability ´

Supervisor:Muhammad Nauman Abbasi

IMS, BZU, Multan.

Researcher:

Muhammad Bilal Akber Siddiqui

MB2-09-59



Objectives of research

Prevailing trend of technology in retail

sector of Pakistan.

To find out the extent of usage of technology in retail sector of Pakistan.

Hurdles in implementation of technology.

Impact of technology on retail operations.



Literature ReviewInvolvement of information & Technology

According to (Vikas Saraf, Applications of Information Technology in Retailing, 2007)

technology is involved in almost al aspectsspecially in

Forecasting

Inventory Management Store Management

Logistics Management

Returns Management



Benefits of using technologies

Reduce shrinkage

Reduced materialhandling.

Increased dataaccuracy

Improved informationsharing

Production tacking Lower inventory

Quality control

Supply andproduction control

Material handeling. Space utiliazation

Assets management

Reduced stock out

Customer services

after sales services

Source: (Zare, Y. M. (2009).



New retail technologies and

equipments RFID (Radio Frequency Identification)

SOS (Smart Operating Systems)

PSA (Personal Selling Assistant) DAD (Digital Advertisement Display)

POS (Point of Sale)



Benefits of RFID

Main benefits of RFID can be listed as (Ranky, P. G.(2006).:

Improving the speed and accuracy for tracking pallets,

Boxes and containers; Helping to reduce stock levels;

Helping to reduce operating costs;

Improving the management of inventory;

Improving efficiency in work-in-process (WIP)

Reporting; and

Improving inventory visibility to feed JIT systems.



Methodology

Questionnaire was designed to gather the data.

Population:

All retail markets in the selected cities which are

conduction their retail operations through any

automated system of technological instrument.

Selected cities:

Karachi Lahore

Islamabad

Multan



Methodology

Sample and sampling technique:

The sample of 60 respondents (Retailers) was

selected to fill the questionnaires through the

sampling technique of ³Random Sampling´

among selected cities.

Analytical tool:

For analysis of the data standard deviation areused. Other then S.D bar chart and pie charts

are used for graphical presentation of results.



RESULTS & ANA

LYSIS



Most frequent operating system

in X

in

in X 9 %

in 1 %



Sof tware Development

Locally

Internationally

Standar dized 90%

Customized 10%



Sof tware Category

Standardized

Customized

Standardized 90%

Customized 10%



Usage of Technologies

384 8 4

38

4

4 8 43

4

8 4

RFID SOS PSA DAD POS DBC EPT VCM

4 4 8



Cost Reduction

e tion cost s cost co unic tion

cost

t e Costs



Reliability

0

0 500

0 0

0 00

0 20

0 0

0 60

0 0

0 500

0 520

pe ation the Reliability



ACCURACY

D R



Customer Relationship

Management

Managing

C

mpro e

e perien e

higher

per ei e

ualit

higher

satis a tion

thers CRM



Inventory Management

nventory

tra ng

a ement t e t t er Invt mgt



Competitiveness

ettin pri es et il servi es i ien in or ers



Profitability

i r al i r rofitability



Others

r ve e ervce

ere t t

rket

tr s re c

e e

z t



Conclusion

Cost Effectiveness: In cost effectiveness a dissimilar variable exists that is of communication. HavingStandard Deviation of [ S.D = 0. 1 ] which shows thattechnology is not contributing its good enough role in

conducting retail operations as other variables arecontributing. The reason for not contributing in retailoperations is that in Pakistan¶s retail sector is not muchsophisticated so that high communication is not required.

Reliability: Reliability is the key and leading factor for

accuracy. From the results it can be conclude that Interms of reliability technology in playing a vital role toconduct the retail operations.



Conclusion

Accuracy: it is obvious that technology providesaccuracy in operations, similarly in retailoperations technology is contributing its roledrastically.

Customer Relationship Management: Sometimes it becomes basic factor of success for anorganization to manage its customer data base.In retail sector of Pakistan CDBM is not being

maintained by many retailers, but some of retailers are now maintaining their customer data base.



Conclusion

Inventory Management: According to results it is

proved that retailers are maintaining their

inventory through different smart softwares and

technological equipments.Competitiveness: As the current era is the era of

competition retailers are competing their

competitors with the help of technologies. Their

operations become more speedy and accuratewhich leads to higher profits and customer

satisfaction.



Conclusion

Profitability: Results are showing a good

impact of technology in conducting retail

operations. As technology implementation

in retail outlets caused cost reductions,

this cost reduction automatically leads to

lower prices along with higher profits.



Recommendations

Retailers of Pakistan must accept the

technological change and change themselves

accordingly. They must show flexibility towards

these kinds of technological changes. Sudden change is quite impossible for them so

that they must adopt technology gradually.

Those retailers which are facing problems of

customer retention must maintain their customer

database to retain their customers.

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