Power Systems

Organic RankineCycle Technology

It’s in our power.TM

Pratt & Whitney

Pow

erSy

stem

s

Pratt & Whitney, a division of United TechnologiesCorporation (UTC), is committed to providing clean,efficient and reliable power within the renewable energymarket. Its Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) product line,developed by Pratt & Whitney Power Systems (PWPS),harnesses heat to generate electricity from a variety ofsources including biomass, geothermal, reciprocatingengines, industrial waste heat, incinerators, oil and gasfields, etc.

PWPS developed the PureCycle® power system (280 kW)for low-to moderate-temperature heat streams,particularly in the smaller (1 MW or lower) size range.Turboden, a PWPS company is an ORC manufacturerbased in Italy with over 30 years of experience. Theymanufacture ORC product lines suitable for moderateand higher temperature heat streams, particularly inthe larger (1 MW – 7 MW, and up) size range.

Pratt & Whitney. It’s in our power.TM

Quality

• High-volume componentsproduced to strict tolerancesallow for tightly controlledassembly processes,yielding a standardizedpower plant that is readyfor site installation.

• Pratt & Whitney quality tools,such as mistake proofing,process certification andrelentless root causeanalysis (RRCA), arepromoted throughout thesupply chain.

• Key quality and productioncertifications, including ISO9001:2001 are maintainedthroughout the supply base.

Pratt & Whitney Organic Rankine Cycle Technology

• Ease of installation and maintenance

• Fully integrated and assembled, modular, skid-mounted packages that can be sized to match theresource and rapidly deployed according to need

• 100% remote monitoring and operation

• Variety of working fluids available

• ORC turbines are built upon 30 years of industryexperience and, in some applications, derived froma standard centrifugal vapor compressor used intoday’s water-cooled chillers

1) Hot water enters the evaporator to heat the ORCsystem working fluid.

2) High-pressure, hot, vaporized working fluid thenenters the power module and drives a turbine toproduce electrical power.

3) Low-pressure, expanded vapor cycles through acondenser where it is cooled and condensed intoliquid form.

4) The cooled liquid is then sent to the pump,boosted in pressure and sent back to theevaporator to repeat the cycle.

Organic Rankine Cycle Thermodynamic Process *Ref. Figure 1

• High-volume flow lines at multiple industry-leadingintegrators are designed for and dedicated to theORC product.

• Supplier input, incorporated from early in thedesign process, maximizes producibility.

• Standardized assembly processes allow forseamless production to rapidly meet customer-unique requirements.

• Pratt & Whitney continuous improvement toolsare implemented throughout the supply chain.

Speed of Delivery

• Units are manufactured and tested in tightlycontrolled factory environments.

• Modular design, standardized components andhigh volume lead to a higher value propositionfor the customer.

Overall Value

• Renewable power generation

• 195°F to 660°F (90°C to 350°C) resource range

• Modular and scalable for larger plants

• 24/7/365 remote monitoring

• High availability

• Standardized components and assembly processes

• Backed by Pratt & Whitney Power Systems

Benefits

The Organic Rankine Cycle Technology Delivers a Variety of PerformanceCharacteristics that Make It Unique:

*Figure 1: Organic Rankine Cycle Thermodynamic Process

The PureCycle® power systemsolution is built with the proventechnology and components ofcommercial centrifugal chillers,ensuring product quality andreliability. This system operateswith a non-flammable workingfluid refrigerant called R245fa.The PureCycle® power systemprovides a low maintenancecost-effective option, whichcreates revenue, reducesprocess cost and supports anintelligent energy strategy.

Pratt & Whitney PureCycle® Power System Overview

Physical DataOperating weight 33,300 lbs (15,104 kg)Shipping weight 27,600 lbs (12,519 kg)Dimensions (L x W x H) 19’ x 7’-6” x 11’-3” (5790 x 2290 x 3430 mm)Maximum shipping height 10’-3” (3200 mm)

Performance CharacteristicsElectric power (gross) 280 kW @ 480V/3-phase/60Hz, 272 kW @ 400V/3-phase/50HzElectric power (net) 260 kW @ 60Hz, 252 kW @ 50HzAmbient operation -22°F to 122°F (-30°C to 50°C)Power factor > 0.95 laggingTotal harmonic distortion < 5%Emissions Zero (closed binary cycle)Noise 78 dBA at 33 ft (10m)

Design AttributesPlumbing ASME B31.1/PEDTurbine Radial inflowGenerator InductionHeat exchangers ASME Section VIII/PEDEnclosure, electrical NEMA 4/IP65Design life 20 yearsLubrication Integrated internal oil lubricationUL/CE components UL 1995, 984 and 1741Transient voltage/surgesuppression at utility interface IEEE C 62.41-1980 (R1995)Utility grid-connect protectiverelaying function IEEE1547

PureCycle® Power System Facts

The PureCycle® power system is supplied as a complete, fully integrated and assembled unit.

Typical Performance Characteristics with Carbon Steel Evaporator and Copper Condenser

Resource Flow - Liters Per Second (l/s)

Resource Flow - Gallons Per Minute (gpm)Re

sour

ceTe

mpe

ratu

re(°

C)

Reso

urce

Tem

pera

ture

( °F)

300

290

300

280

270

260

250

240

230

220

210

200

190

180250200150100 350 400 450 500 550 600 650 700 750 800 850 900 950 1000 1050 1100

87

82

92

97

102

107

112

117

122

137

132

127

142

147

116 16 21 26 31 36 41 46 51 56 61 66

Assumption: 18°F (10°C) Cooling Water DT

-- 80°F (26.6°C) Cooling Water Inlet Temperature-- 70°F (21°C) Cooling Water Inlet Temperature-- 60°F (15.5°C) Cooling Water Inlet Temperature-- 50°F (10°C) Cooling Water Inlet Temperature

Resource Temperature (°F)

Cool

ing

Flow

Rate

(Lite

rsPe

rSec

ond)

Cool

ing

Flow

Rate

(Gal

lons

PerM

inut

e)

Resource Temperature (°C)

230

1200

1100

1000

900

800

700

600

220210200190 240 250 260 270 280 290 30038

43

48

53

58

63

73

68

9590 100 105 110 115 120 125 130 135 140 145

19 ft(579 cm)Maximum

Front View

3 ft, 6 in.(108 cm)

3 ft, 4 in.(104 cm)

9 ft(274 cm)

7 ft, 6 in.(229 cm)

Side Views

2 ft, 1 in.(63.5 cm)

Top View

7 ft, 6 in.(229 cm)Maximum

11 ft, 3 in.(343 cm)Maximum

Back View

PureCycle® Power System Dimensions

PureCycle® Model 280 Temperature and Flow Required for Rated Power

PureCycle® Model 280 Cooling Flow Requirements

Typical schematic in CHP mode for a biomass application example.

Turboden, a PWPS companyprovides ORC units that canoperate utilizing medium tohigh temperature heat sources(120° C to more than 350° C,250° F to more than 660° F)in a variety of applications.ORC product size varies from400 kW to 5 MW for standardheat recovery and combinedheat and power (CHP) units,and higher for utility scalegeothermal applications.

Standard Sizes and Typical Performance (CHP and High-Efficiency Units)

Applicable Heat Sources for Turboden Product Line

Turboden, a PWPS company provides ORC units that canoperate in CHP mode with electrical efficiencies in the 17-19

percent range or in the high-efficiency configuration whereelectrical efficiencies can be as high as 24 percent.

Pratt & Whitney Turboden OverviewA Pratt & Whitney Power System Company

Typical Performance Characteristics for Turboden Heat Recovery (HR) Units*

TD4 HR TD6 HR TD7 HR TD10 HR TD14 HR TD18 HR TD22 HR TD27 HR

Input — Thermal Oil

Nominal Temperature (In/Out) °F 527/302 500/302 518/302 518/302 527/302 536/302 536/302 545/311°C 275/150 260/150 270/150 270/150 275/150 280/150 280/150 285/155

Thermal Power Input MMBtu/hr 7.51 9.73 11.77 15.36 22.01 29.69 37.54 46.08kW 2,200 2,850 3,450 4,500 6,450 8,700 11,000 13,500

Output — Cooling Water

Cooling Water Temperature (In/Out) °F 77/95 77/95 77/95 77/95 77/100 77/104 77/108 77/118°C 25/35 25/35 25/35 25/35 25/38 25/40 25/42 25/48

Thermal Power to the Cooling Water MMBtu/hr 6.01 7.69 9.31 12.16 17.39 23.41 29.63 36.35kW 1,760 2,253 2,728 3,563 5,096 6,860 8,682 10,650

Performance

Gross Electric Power kW 418 567 687 898 1,302 1,762 2,220 2,740

Gross Electric Efficiency 19.0% 19.9% 19.9% 19.9% 20.2% 20.3% 20.2% 20.3%

Captive Power Consumption kW 18 22 27 33 52 62 80 110

Net Active Electric Power Output kW 400 545 660 865 1,250 1,700 2,140 2,630

Net Electric Efficiency** 18.2% 19.1% 19.1% 19.1% 19.2% 19.6% 19.5% 19.5%

Electrical Generator asynch., 3 asynch., 3 asynch., 3 asynch., 3 asynch., 3 asynch., 3 asynch., 3 asynch., 3phase, L.V. phase, L.V. phase, L.V. phase, L.V. phase, L.V. phase, L.V. phase, L.V. phase, L.V.

Size of Plant ft 49 x 10 x 10 49 x 10 x 10 49 x 10 x 10 49 x 15 x 11 43 x 20 x 20 49 x 23 x 16 56 x 23 x 16 56 x 23 x 16m 15 x 3 x 3 15 x 3 x 3 15 x 3 x 3 15 x 5 x 3 13 x 6 x 6 15 x 7 x 5 17 x 7 x 5 17 x 7 x 5Skid Single skid Single skid Single skid Single skid Multiple skid Multiple skid Multiple skid Multiple skid

Typical Performance Characteristics forTurboden High-Efficiency (HRS) Units*

TD12 HRS TD24 HRS

Input — Thermal Oil

Nominal Temperature (In/Out) °F 581/403 572/412°C 305/206 300/211

Thermal Power Input MMBtu/hr 16.44 32.88kW 4,817 9,634

Output — Cooling Water

Cooling Water Temperature (In/Out) °F 77/95 81/99°C 25/35 27/37

Thermal Power to the Cooling Water MMBtu/hr 12.14 24.38kW 3,556 7,143

Performance

Gross Electric Power kW 1,188 2,342

Gross Electric Efficiency 24.7% 24.3%

Captive Power Consumption kW 49 94Net Active Electric Power Output kW 1,139 2,248

Net Electric Efficiency** 23.6% 23.3%

*Data indicated can be optimized taking into account the actual features of the specific project.

** Ratio between net active power output and thermal power input from thermal oil.

Typical Applications: • Biomass (Power Only) Applications • ConcentratingSolar Power (CSP) • Industrial Waste Heat from: Cement, Steel, Glass, etc.• Gas Turbine Exhaust • Reciprocating Engine Exhaust • Thermal Oxidizers

Typical Performance Characteristics for Turboden CHP Units*

TD6 CHP TD7 CHP TD10 CHP TD14 CHP TD18 CHP TD22 CHP

Input — Thermal Oil

Nominal Temperature (In/Out) °F 572/464 572/464 572/464 572/464 572/464 572/464°C 300/240 300/240 300/240 300/240 300/240 300/240

Thermal Power Input MMBtu/hr 11.06 13.02 17.54 22.92 33.41 41.02kW 3,240 3,815 5,140 6,715 9,790 12,020

Output — Cooling Water

Cooling Water Temperature (In/Out) °F 140/176 140/176 140/176 140/176 140/194 140/194°C 60/80 60/80 60/80 60/80 60/90 60/90

Thermal Power to the Cooling Water MMBtu/hr 8.77 10.38 13.95 18.15 26.76 32.77kW 2,569 3,040 4,087 5,318 7,842 9,601

Performance

Gross Electric Power kW 641 738 1,016 1,339 1,863 2,304

Gross Electric Efficiency 19.8% 19.3% 19.8% 19.9% 19.0% 19.2%

Captive Power Consumption kW 30 35 48 58 79 97

Net Electric Efficiency** 18.9% 18.4% 18.8% 19.1% 18.2% 18.4%

*Data indicated can be optimized taking into account the actual features of the specific project.

**Ratio between net active power output and thermal power input from thermal oil.

Typical Applications: • Biomass including: Sawmills, Wood Pellet Production • District Heating Networks

Power Systems

400 Main StreetEast Hartford, CT 06108

www.pw.utc.com PS-S0022.06.10