PPE: Why Fabric Matters

Chr is Corner

Vice Pres ident of Internat ional Bus iness Deve lopment

January 12, 2016

Agenda TenCate Overview

Inherently Flame Resistant Fibers

How Inherently Flame Resistant Fabrics Are Made Production Process Yarn Types Fabric Structures

International Firefighting Protective Clothing Standards

Outer Shell Fabrics Function Selection Fabric Examples Physical Properties

Questions

Royal TenCate Corporate Summary

TenCate Snapshot 2014 Sales - $1.25 Billion (USD)

4000+ Employees Worldwide

Key Business Segments: Advanced Composites and Armor

Technical and Protective Fabrics

Geosynthetics and Synthetic Grass

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Market Leadership Leading Supplier to the Global Emergency Response Market

70% of US Firefighters wear TenCate Protective Fabrics Products compliant to NFPA, EN, AS/NZ and ISO standards

#1 Supplier of FR fabrics for US Wildland Firefighters US Forest Service and CALFIRE wear TenCate fabrics Protecting firefighters in North America, South America, and Asia Pacific

Leading supplier to the Industrial Safety markets around the world Oil & Gas employees exposed to flash fire hazards on every continent depend on TenCate protective fabrics Electric utility workers exposed to electric arc hazard on every continent depend on TenCate fabrics Provide solutions for welding, chemical splash, molten metal splash & other

#1 Provider of FR fabrics to the US Military U.S. Troops deployed into wartime environment wear TenCate Defender® M Provide solutions for Armies, Navies, Air Forces, Law Enforcement and Special Forces around the world

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Emergency Response Inherently Flame Resistant Fiber Comparison

Tensile Strength g/d Limiting Oxygen

Index

Decomposition

Temperature oF/oC

PBO 42 68 1,200/650

PBI 3.1 41 1,200/650

P-Aramid 22 29 800 – 900/425-480

M-Aramid 5.3 29 750/400

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PBO

Fabric Production Process

Fiber

Yarn

Weaving

Dye /

Finish

Types of Yarn

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Spun Yarn

Filament Yarn

Engineered / Protected Filament Yarn

Spun Yarn

Different Fabric Structures

Woven Knit Non-woven

Woven Fabric Structures Plain Weave

Basic Weave Pattern Yarns are square Modified Version

Rip Stop Based On Plain Weave w/ Extra Yarns in the Rips 2 or 3 ends Increases trap tear strength, does not increase tensile strength

Twill Weave Series of diagonal lines, or twill lines Good Flexibility

International Firefighting Protective Clothing Standards

AS/NZS 4967:2009 - Protective clothing for firefighters - Requirements and test methods for protective clothing used for structural firefighting

NFPA 1971 – 2013 Edition – Standard on protective ensembles for structural firefighting and proximity firefighting.

EN 469:2005 – Protective clothing for firefighters – Performance requirements for protective clothing for firefighting.

ISO 11613-1999 – Protective clothing for firefighting – Laboratory test methods and performance requirements.

Typical Gear Construction

Three Layer System Outer Shell

Moisture Barrier

Thermal Barrier

What is the Function of the Outershell?

Provides tough, durable first line of defense against heat, flame and abrasion

Protects the moisture barrier and thermal barrier

Offers resistance to rips, cuts, and tears

Allows garment to shed water

Typically made from woven fabrics

A broad range of choices

Choosing the Right Outer Shell for You

TenCate Outer Shells

100% Nomex® IIIA 7.5 oz/yd2 or 255 g/m2

Plain Weave Shelltite™ Multiple Colors Economical

100% Nomex® IIIA 6.0 oz/yd2 or 205 g/m2

Ripstop Weave Shelltite™, Super Shelltite™, EN 469 DWR Multiple Colors Economical Lightweight

60% Kevlar® / 40% Nomex® 7.2 oz/yd2 or 245 g/m2

Ripstop Weave Super Shelltite™, EN 469 DWR Black, Navy, Gold, Yellow, & Khaki Good value Good durability

58% Para-aramid / 39% PBI/3% Antistat

6.0 oz/yd2 or 205 g/m2

Modified Plain Weave

Reinforced with a high-strength filament grid

Super Shelltite™, EN 469 DWR, AS 4967 DWR

Natural, Black, Dark Navy

No puckering after laundering

Light weight without compromising durability

60% Kevlar® / 40% PBI

7.5 oz/yd2 or 255 g/m2

Modified Plain Weave

Reinforced with a high-strength filament grid

Super Shelltite™

Natural, Black

Strong & flexible after thermal exposure

Now softer & more flexible

60% Technora® / 40% PBO

7.5 oz/yd2 or 255 g/m2

Ripstop Weave

Super Shelltite™

Natural

Strong & flexible after thermal exposure

Excellent strength and durability

27% Nomex® /73% Kevlar®

6.6 oz./yd. or 225 g/m2

Twill Weave

Enhanced strength using in a lighter weight outer shell

Uses 0% Kevlar Filament

Enhanced comfort with extraordinary flexibility

Super Shelltite™, EN 469 DWR

Outer Shell Requirements

Physical Hazards (Performance Requirements – The Risk Assessment)

Tensile Strength

Tear Strength

Abrasion – Fabric Thinning Taber

Martindale

Ultra Violet Light

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Tensile Strength Test

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Tensile Strength – Initial

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

3000

Brigade 600 RS Advance™ Gemini XTL Gemini™ XT Millenia™ XT Pioneer

New

ton

s

Warp

Fill

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NFPA 1971 Standard:

140lbs ≈ 625 N

ASTM 5034

Trapezoid Tear Strength ASTM 5587 Fabric begins with a small cut

Large clamps are placed along two lines in the shape of a trapezoid

As the fabric is torn, the machine measures the average of five “displacements” or tears

Results are pounds of force or Newtons

Tested 5 times in warp and fill direction. Average of each reported.

Trap Tear Strength – Initial

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

400

Brigade 600 RS Advance Gemini XTL Gemini XT Millenia XT Pioneer

New

ton

s

Warp

Filling

25

NFPA 1971 Standard:

22 lbs ≈ 100 N

ASTM 5587

Taber Abrasion Testing Taber Abrasion Testing

Fabric disc secured and rotates while weighted heads abrades against fabric surface Calibrated testing machine counts total number of cycles completed before perforations in fabric appear Simulates extended wear

ASTM D3884 Test from American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) International

Millenia™ XT 5500 cycles

Advance™ 3500 cycles

Gemini™ XT 4000 cycles

Pioneer™ 3000 cycles

Martindale Abrasion Test ISO 12947-2 Test Method

Simulates extended wear life

AS/NZS 4967 ≥ 20,000 Cycles

12 kPa

Crossbred worsted abradant

TenCate Gemini™ XTL ≈ 50,000 Cycles

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Ultra Violet Light Exposure

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UV Light Affects the Physical Properties of all Fibers and Fabrics

Thermal Protective Performance (TPP)

Measure of thermal insulation

Composite test Outer shell, moisture barrier, thermal barrier

Conditions Heat Flux - 2 cal/cm²·s (84 kW/m²·s)

50/50 Balance Radiant & Convective Energy

NFPA Minimum 35 cal/cm2 - 17.5 Seconds of Protection in flashover conditions

5-8% Variance

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Tensile Strength – After 17.5 Second TPP Exposure

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

900

Brigade 600 RS Advance Gemini XTL Gemini XT Millenia XT Pioneer

New

ton

s

Warp

Filling

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Fabric Matters Because Protecting Firefighters

Matters THANK YOU!