pp.1% overview%and%implicaons%of objecvesforsession...

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Overview and Implica4ons of Common Core State Standards

Dr. Tammy Heflebower

Vice President Marzano Research Laboratory

[email protected]

cutting-edge research concrete strategies sustainable success

Objec4ves for Session o Connect to Segment one (Rou4nes) from Phil and Bob’s session;

o To gain understanding of implica4ons for instruc4on, assessment, and course rigor that aligns with Common Core State Standards.

o To learn about implementa4on strategies related to Common Core.


pp. 1


pp. 1 What do you already know about the design, organiza4on, and content of Common Core?

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o  Aligned with college and work expecta4ons; o  Includes rigorous content and applica4on of knowledge through high-‐order skills;

o  Two sets: 1) language and literacy; 2) mathema4cs o  Intended to be fewer, higher, and clearer; o  Many educators involved in crea4ng and reviewing them;

o  Interna4onally benchmarked so that all students are prepared to succeed in our global economy and society; and

o  Research and evidence-‐based.

Important To Know About Common Core . . . pp. 1

46 States + DC Have Adopted the Common Core State Standards

*Minnesota adopted the CCSS in ELA/literacy only

pp. 1

MATHEMATICS

Focus, coherence and clarity: emphasis on key topics at each grade level and coherent progression across grades

Procedural fluency and understanding of concepts and skills

Promote rigor through mathema4cal proficiencies that foster reasoning and

understanding across discipline

High school standards organized by conceptual categories

Key Advances of the Common Core

ENGLISH LANGUAGE ARTS/LITERACY

Balance of literature and informa4onal texts; focus on text complexity

Emphasis on argument, informa4ve/ explanatory wri4ng, and research

Speaking and listening skills

Literacy standards for history, science and technical subjects

ANCHORED IN COLLEGE AND CAREER READINESS

pp. 2

Help your teachers understand:

•  Common Core content and design – Proficiency scales for Common Core

•  College and Career Readiness (CCR) skills and ways to infuse them – 21st century resources

•  Dissemina4on of exis4ng (and new) curriculum resources

•  Assessment implica4ons


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Understanding and Teaching the Content of Common Core


Proficiency Scales

•  The Common Core State Standards do a fine job of specifying what is essen4al for every grade level and course level band;

•  Proficiency scales help define what those skills look like at varying degrees of acainment (proficiency.)


4 In addiGon to exhibiGng level 3 performance, in-‐depth inferences and applicaGons that go BEYOND what was taught in class

3 No major errors or omissions regarding any of the informaGon and/or processes (SIMPLE OR COMPLEX) that were explicitly taught

Common Core State Standard

2 No major errors or omissions regarding the SIMPLER details and processes BUT major errors or omissions regarding the more complex ideas and processes

1 With HELP, a parGal knowledge of some of the simpler and complex details and processes

0 Even with help, no understanding or skill demonstrated

Proficiency Scale pp. 8

Fourth Grade

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Marzano Research Laboratory is here to help!

•  Website – http://www.marzanoresearch.com

•  FREE resources – Classroom tools – Proficiency scale bank – Scales for common core standards


Searchable Site…

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Provides Samples to Select…

Provides Sample Scales… First Grade

pp. High School-‐-‐Congruence

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Race to the Top Assessment Proposals The Process: •  Proposals were due from mul4-‐state consor4a on June 23, 2010

•  Awards were made in September, 2010

•  New Consor4a tests to replace current state NCLB tests in 2014-‐2015 Two Comprehensive Assessment Proposals Funded:

}  Partnership for Assessment of Readiness for College and Careers (PARCC) }  26 states, 31 million students K-‐12

}  SMARTER Balanced Assessment Consor4um (SBAC) }  31 states, 21 million students K-‐12

Note: 12 states currently in both and 6 states in neither

Center for K – 12 Assessment & Performance Management at ETS


pp. 1 Partnership for Assessment of Readiness for College and Careers

(PARCC)

Governing Board States Par1cipa1ng States

pp. 1

1.  Create high-‐quality assessments

2.  Build a pathway to college and career readiness for all students

3.  Support educators in the classroom

4.  Develop 21st century, technology-‐based assessments

5.  Advance accountability at all levels

The PARCC Goals

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pp. 2

These standards demand very high levels of performance from all students, which in turn has significant implica4ons for teaching. DifferenGated instrucGon, integrated instrucGon, Learning by Design, and other strategies will need to become commonplace in all classrooms. There is no excuse for at-‐risk popula4ons failing to achieve along with the rest of the students in school.


Cri4cal to know and understand:

Transi1oning to the Common Core State Standards and Next Genera1on Assessments

Willard R. Daggec ▪ Susan A. Gendron ▪ Daniel A. Heller

pp. 2

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College & Career Readiness AKA: 21st Century Skills Instruc4on….

It’s not about the technologies….those will conGnually change. Rather it’s about

how the technologies “weave themselves into the fabric of everyday life unGl they are indisGnguishable from

it.” (Weiser, 1991. pg. 94).


pp. 2

Explore a few questions together….

•  Why CCR or 21st Century Skills? •  What are the skills? •  How might we teach and assess such

skills—connecting to your existing efforts?

•  How might we begin or deepen implementation?


pp. 2

Why CCR or 21st Century Skills?

“Schools may once have done an adequate job of equipping and siping young people to take their various places in the prevailing society, but that world is gone.”

(Wells & Croxton, pg.1)


pp. 3

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Why CCR-21st Century Skills? 1.  The world is changing and will con4nue to change

drama4cally throughout the 21st century. 2.  Schools are not keeping up with many of these

changes. 3.  Mastery of the basic skills of reading, wri4ng, and

math is no longer enough.

(Kay, 2010,Gardner, 2010; Darling-‐Hammond, 2010; Dede, 2010; Johnson & Johnson, 2010; Lemke, 2010; Hargreaves, 2010).

pp. 3

Why Consider CCR-21st Century Skills?

•  Almost any job that pays more than minimum wage—both blue and white collar—now calls for employees who know how to solve a

range of intellectual and technical problems. (p. xxii)

Tony Wagner (2008)

pp. 3

Why CCR-21st Century?

•  “On that assessment [PISA] of forty countries, the United States ranked thirty-‐fiph in mathema4cs and thirty-‐first in science.”

•  “…in each disciplinary area tested, U.S. students scored lowest on the problem-‐solving items”

(Darling-‐Hammond, 2010, p. 35).


pp. 3

hcp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Programme_for_Interna4onal_Student_Assessment

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CCR-‐-‐21st Century Skills Help Students With the Changing World

(1) drop-‐out rate, “For every 10 students who enter eighth grade, only

seven graduate high school on 4me, and only three complete a postsecondary degree by age 26” (p. 2).

Jobs for the Future (2005)

pp. 3 For whom is it okay to drop out?

Explore a few questions together….

• Why CCR--21st Century Skills? • What are two categories of skills

and the research behind them? • How might we teach and assess

such skills? • How might we begin

implementation?

How do we prepare students?

•  Five categories of CCR-‐-‐21st century skills divided into two sets:

1. Cognitive skills

2. Conative skills


pp. 4

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CogniGve Skills – Mental capabili4es like logic, reasoning, thinking and acen4on to detail

– Teaching of cogni4ve skills is not unique to the 21st century.

– What is new to the 21st century is the idea that cogni4ve skills should take a dominant role in the curriculum.


pp. 4

ConaGve Skills

•  The process of combining what one knows (cogni4ve) with how one feels (affec4ve) and deciding what ac4on to take in light of both.


pp. 4

21st Century Skills Include: CogniGve Skills •  Analyzing and using informa4on

•  Addressing complex problems and issues

•  Crea4ng pacerns and mental models

ConaGve Skills •  Understanding and controlling yourself

•  Interac4ng with others


pp. 4 Cogni4ve Skill—Informa4on Literacy ( Analyzing and Using Informa4on)

•  Naviga4ng digital sources: –  Focus on what is important. –  Find informa4on that is relevant and credible.

•  Iden4fying common logical errors: –  Iden4fy and dismiss arguments that contain errors in thinking.

•  Genera4ng conclusions, and •  Presen4ng and suppor4ng claims.

–  Present claims and provide adequate support for those claims.

pp. 4

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College & Career Readiness Anchor Standards (Reading)

Language Arts/Literacy 1.   Read and make logical inferences; cite textual evidence to support

conclusions; 2.  Determine central ideas and analyze development; summarize key supporGng

details; 3.  Analyze how and why ideas develop throughout text; 4.  Interpret words and phrases as they are used in text; 5.  Analyze the structure of texts; 6.   Assess how point of view or purpose shapes the content and style of text; 7.   Integrate and evaluate content presented in diverse media and formats; 8.   Delineate and evaluate the argument and specific claims in a text; 9.  Analyze how two or more texts address similar themes or topics; and 10.  Read and comprehend complex literary and informa4onal texts.

College & Career Readiness Anchor Standards (Wri4ng)

1.   Write arguments to support claims, using valid reasoning; 2.  Write to explanatory/informa4ve texts to convey complex ideas; 3.  Write narra4ves to develop real or imagined experiences; 4.  Produce clear and coherent wri4ng; 5.  Develop and strengthen wri4ng; 6.   Use technology to produce and publish wriGng and to

collaborate with others; 7.  Conduct short and sustained research projects; 8.   Gather relevant informaGon from mulGple print and digital

sources; 9.   Draw evidence from literary or informaGonal texts; and 10.  Write rou4nely over extended 4me frames.

Critical Thinking & Invention (Complex Problems and Issues)

"   Focus "   Divergent and convergent thinking

•  Brainstorming •  Logically considering the brainstorming with constraints

"   A strategies for addressing complex problems


pp. 4

Problem-Solving Invention Convention •  Students read about famous inventors and how

they got ideas…including how patents were obtained.

•  Considered a problem they would like to solve—used scientific method.

•  Researched if there was a market. •  If a market, began creating a prototype. •  Create the real thing and test it out. •  Showcase the invention.

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Ski clasps The “green” refrigerator

The rotating tree for ease in

applying holiday lights

Dog toy thrower

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Students earned patents A middle or high school example… •  Senior Project—culminates learning •  Capstone experience •  Provide students the opportunity to explore a passion area in depth.

Round Rock HS near Aus4n, TX ThunderRidge High School, near Denver, CO

Senior Project Overview

Project Requirements §  Lecer of Intent §  Senior Research paper §  Fieldwork Dialec4cal Journals §  Mentor

Round Rock HS near Aus4n, TX ThunderRidge High School, near Denver, CO

Project Overview §  Porxolio of evidence §  Senior Board Presenta4on §  Project must demonstrate:

§  A learning stretch §  Fipeen hours work outside of school

ThunderRidge High School, near Denver, CO

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Cogni4ve Skill— Crea4ng Pacerns and Mental

Models

•  Graphic Representa4ons •  Drawing & Sketching •  Genera4ng Mental Images •  Conduc4ng Thought Experiments •  Performing Mental Rehearsal


pp. 5

Connec4ons to Common Core MathemaGcal PracGces 1.  Make sense of problems and persevere in solving them 2.  Reason abstractly and quan4ta4vely 3.  Construct viable arguments and cri4que the reasoning of

others 4.  Model with mathema4cs 5.  Use appropriate tools strategically 6.  Acend to precision 7.  Look for and make use of structure 8.  Look for and express regularity in repeated reasoning

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21st Century Skills Include:

CogniGve Skills •  Analyzing and using informa4on

•  Addressing complex problems and issues

•  Crea4ng pacerns and mental models

ConaGve Skills •  Understanding and controlling yourself

•  Interac4ng with others


College & Career Readiness Anchor Standards for Speaking & Listening

1.   Prepare for and parGcipate effecGvely in a range of conversaGons and collaboraGons with diverse partners;

2.  Integrate and evaluate informa4on presented in diverse media and formats;

3.  Evaluate a speaker’s point of view, reasoning and use of evidence;

4.  Present informa4on so listeners can follow reasoning; 5.  Make strategic use of digital media and visual

displays; and 6.  Adapt speech to a variety of contexts and

communica4ve tasks.

The Common Core State Standards in ELA/Literacy and Mathema4cs

TeachChannel

How are Common Core assessments changing what we may be accustomed to?


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A new, next genera4on assessment program will accompany the Common Core State Standards. These assessments range far beyond the usual mul4ple-‐choice and short-‐answer ques4ons. Instead, students will have to apply their knowledge to real-‐world situaGons through performance events. They will have to work in interdisciplinary situa4ons. They will have to be able to use technology with facility. Some performance events will take weeks to complete.





pp. 5

Assessments may be performance-‐based and richer mulGple choice. One assessment task may test mul4ple related standards. Assessments may require technology skills to respond to quesGons. Assessments may require criGcal thinking: for example, claim-‐evidence -‐counter-‐claim approach; compare and contrast tasks; cause and effect relaGonships. Assessments may require wriGng in response to text. Assessments may be Gmed. CONCLUSION: A different approach to instrucGon may be required.


CCSS Assessments: pp. 5

•  Summa4ve Assessment Components: –  Performance-‐Based Assessment (PBA) administered as close to the end of the

school year as possible. The ELA/literacy PBA will focus on wri4ng effec4vely when analyzing text. The mathema4cs PBA will focus on applying skills, concepts, and understandings to solve mul4-‐step problems requiring abstract reasoning, precision, perseverance, and strategic use of tools

–  End-‐of-‐Year Assessment (EOY) administered aper approx. 90% of the school year. The ELA/literacy EOY will focus on reading comprehension. The math EOY will be comprised of innova4ve, machine-‐scorable items

•  Non-‐Summa4ve Assessment Components: –  DiagnosGc Assessment designed to be an indicator of student knowledge and

skills so that instruc4on, supports and professional development can be tailored to meet student needs

–  Mid-‐Year Assessment comprised of performance-‐based items and tasks, with an emphasis on hard-‐to-‐measure standards. Aper study, individual states may consider including as a summa4ve component

Goal #1: Create High Quality Assessments

63 PARCC

pp. 5 Goal #1: Create High Quality Assessments

End-‐of-‐Year Assessment

• Innova4ve, computer-‐based items

Performance-‐Based Assessment (PBA)

•  Extended tasks •  Applica4ons of concepts and skills

SummaGve, Required assessment Non-‐summa4ve,

op4onal assessment

DiagnosGc Assessment •  Early indicator of student knowledge and skills to inform instruc4on, supports, and PD

Speaking And

Listening

OpGonal & Flexible

Mid-‐Year Assessment • Performance-‐based • Emphasis on hard-‐to-‐measure standards

• Poten4ally summa4ve

English Language Arts/Literacy and Mathema4cs, Grades 3-‐11

PARCC

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Drag-‐and-‐Drop Example: Students would read a passage that provides informa4on about different characterisGcs of African and Asian elephants. Students would be asked to think about the similari4es and differences between the two elephants. Instruc4ons to students: Using your mouse, click on two sentences from the paragraphs you have read in the text, that illustrate how the two elephants differ, and drag each sentence into the “Difference” box. Then, click and drag two sentences from the paragraphs that show how the two elephants are similar, and place them in the “Similar” box.


Elementary Literacy: pp. 6


Elementary Literacy:

SimilariGes

Differences

African and A

sian elephan

ts

are the larges

t of all land

animals.

HighlighGng Text Example: Read the passage below and answer the two items that follow. 1.Highlight one sentence in the passage the author uses to suggest the boy had a happy life. 2.Highlight one word in the passage that should be hyphenated.


Another Literacy Example: pp. 6

The picture shows the flowerpots in which Kevin will plant flower seeds. He needs 3 seeds for each pot. Which of the following number sentences shows how many seeds Kevin will need for all of the pots?

A) 5 x 4 x 3 = B) (5 x 4) + 3 = C) (5 + 4 ) x 3 = D) 5 + 4 + 3 = cutting-edge research concrete strategies sustainable success

A Mathema4cs Example:

Explain why you chose the number sentence.

pp. 6

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For teachers, this new form of evalua4on means developing a full understanding of performance events, how to construct them, and how to evaluate student work. In order to prepare students for such assessments, teachers will have to give students ample prac4ce in this style of evalua4on. In addi4on, the new assessments require teachers to make substan4al use of forma,ve assessment techniques.





pp. 7

Heflebower, Marzano Research Laboratory cutting-edge research concrete strategies sustainable success

Key Steps to Successful Common Core ImplementaGon

Assessment development based on the scales

IdenGficaGon of appropriate instrucGonal tasks

Scale development based on essenGal outcomes (Common Core Standards)

pp. 7

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ImplicaGon 1 . . . The promise of standards . . .

These Standards are not intended to be new names for old ways of doing business. They are a call to take the next step. It is 4me for states to work together to build on lessons learned from two decades of standards based reforms. It is 4me to recognize that standards are not just promises to our children, but promises we intend to keep.

www.corestandards.org/


pp. 7

The research has been clear and consistent for over 30 years-‐-‐-‐

collabora4ve cultures in which teachers focus on improving their teaching

prac4ce and are well led and supported by school principals result in becer

learning for students.

Michael Fullen, May 2011


ImplicaGon 2 . . . pp. 7

Some4mes 21st Century Skills are Difficult to Measure.

•  Typically they are vague and atypical in how we measure them. – How do we measure things like love, thoughxulness, kindness, fear, concern?

– We know them when we see or experience them. – We need to re-‐think our teaching and assessing to consider skills that are atypical for us.


THANK YOU!


Tammy Heflebower Vice President

[email protected]

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