powerpoint presentation · 10/14/2013 6 alteplase can be used safely and effectively to treat...

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10/14/2013 1 2547 2548 2549 2550 2551 2552 2553 2554 2555 2556* (4mo) Ischemic stroke 14918 19852 23012 27120 31895 33907 36261 35861 37418 18248 Intracerebral hemorrhage 15267 18111 19310 18843 21139 20781 19476 20617 19193 9062 จานวนผู้ป่วยที่มานอนรพ.ด้วยโรคหลอดเลือดสมองในประเทศไทย ตั้งแต่ปี 2547-2556 ประมาณทุกๆ 10 นาที มีผู้ป่วย 1 คนที่เป็น ischemic stroke 0 5000 10000 15000 20000 25000 30000 35000 40000 2547 2548 2549 2550 2551 2552 2553 2554 2555 2556*(4mo) ischemic stroke hemorrhagic stroke จานวนผู้ป่วยที่มานอนรพ.ด้วยโรคหลอดเลือดสมองในประเทศไทย ตั้งแต่ปี 2547-2556 นาที นาที นาที ชม. ชม. ชม.

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Page 1: PowerPoint Presentation · 10/14/2013 6 Alteplase can be used safely and effectively to treat elderly patients who suffer an acute ischemic stroke, including those over the age of

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2547 2548 2549 2550 2551 2552 2553 2554 2555 2556* (4mo)

Ischemic stroke 14918 19852 23012 27120 31895 33907 36261 35861 37418 18248 Intracerebral hemorrhage 15267 18111 19310 18843 21139 20781 19476 20617 19193 9062

จ านวนผปวยทมานอนรพ.ดวยโรคหลอดเลอดสมองในประเทศไทย ตงแตป 2547-2556

ประมาณทกๆ 10 นาท มผปวย 1 คนทเปน ischemic stroke

0 5000

10000 15000 20000 25000 30000 35000 40000

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*(4

mo

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ischemic stroke

hemorrhagic stroke

จ านวนผปวยทมานอนรพ.ดวยโรคหลอดเลอดสมองในประเทศไทย ตงแตป 2547-2556

นาท นาท นาท

ชม. ชม. ชม.

Page 2: PowerPoint Presentation · 10/14/2013 6 Alteplase can be used safely and effectively to treat elderly patients who suffer an acute ischemic stroke, including those over the age of

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ทกคนพบกนท โรงพยาบาลศรนครนทรและ

ER โรงพยาบาลจงหวดขอนแกน มหาสารคาม รอยเอด

กาฬสนธ หนองคาย เลย อดรธาน นครพนม อบล อ านาจเจรญ บรรมย

นครราชสมา สกลนคร สรนทร เพชรบรณ ชมแพ ทาบอ

Hypertension Diabetes Lipids Risk score BMI

Age Sex Family history Smoking Bleeding Risk

Risk factors

CVD mortality rate

Page 3: PowerPoint Presentation · 10/14/2013 6 Alteplase can be used safely and effectively to treat elderly patients who suffer an acute ischemic stroke, including those over the age of

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CHD event

Clopidogrel in High-Risk Patients with Acute Nondisabling Cerebrovascular Events (CHANCE)

90 days with clopidogrel plus aspirin for the first 21 days, followed by clopidogrel alone from day 22 to day 90

5170 Chinese with acute minor ischemic stroke or TIA (onset within the previous 24 hours) at high risk for recurrence

Clopidogrel to aspirin reduced the relative risk of recurrent stroke at 90 days by 32% (8.2% vs. 11.7%; hazard ratio, 0.68; 95% CI, 0.57 to 0.81

Absolute risk reduction 3.5%

Page 4: PowerPoint Presentation · 10/14/2013 6 Alteplase can be used safely and effectively to treat elderly patients who suffer an acute ischemic stroke, including those over the age of

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การหยดยาเพยงระยะสนๆกมผลตอการเกดโรคซ า

Low Risk Laproscopic cholecystectomy, Laproscopic inguinal hernia repair Dental procedures, Dermatologic procedures Ophthalmologic procedures Coronary angiography, Gastroscopy or colonoscopy Selected procedures (bone marrow or lymph node biopsy,

thoracentesis, paracentesis, arthrocentesis)

Very Low Risk

Single tooth extraction or teeth cleaning

Skin biopsy or selected skin cancer removal

Cataract removal

ไมควรหยดยา

• 4 generations of drugs based on fibrin specificity and pharmacologic half-life • 1st generation : streptokinase and urokinase • 2nd generation: alteplase** and prourokinase

• 3rd/ 4th generation : reteplase,tenecteplase, monteplase, desmoteplase, and lanoteplase

MRI-based phase II study Pts with AIS and evidence of perfusion/diffusion mismatch with symptom onset between 3 and 9 hours

Higher rate of reperfusion (71.4%) and a favorable 90-day clinical outcome (60.0%) compared to placebo (19.2% and 22.2%)

Page 5: PowerPoint Presentation · 10/14/2013 6 Alteplase can be used safely and effectively to treat elderly patients who suffer an acute ischemic stroke, including those over the age of

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Selective กบ fibrin-bounded plasminogen มากกวา 1st generation Half life 5 min แตผล fibrinolytic นานกวานนขนอยกบ fibrin ทถกจบ

IV rtPA Trial : NINDS*, ECASS, ECASSll, ECASSlll*,Atlantis

1.Ischemic stroke

2. อาการทางระบบประสาทไมดขนอยางรวดเรว (ไมใช TIA)

3.อาการไมนอยเกนไป NIHSS <4 (เปนแค relative contraindication ใหชง risk vs benefit)

4. Onset within 3-4.5 hr

5.อาย > 18 ป

1.มประวต head injury or ischemic stroke within 3 mo

2.Recent MI within 3 mo

3.GI or GU bleed within 21 days

4.Major surgery within 14 days

5.Siezure at onset (ถาชกจาก stroke ใหได)

6.Arterial puncture at non-compressible site

7.มประวต ICH

8.BP > 185/110 mmHg

9.Evidence of bleeding on the examination or bleeding diathesis

10.On anticoagulant and PT>1.7 or PT>15 sec

11.On Heparin and aPTT ผดปกต

12. Platelet < 100,000 mm3

13.BS > 400 or < 50 mg/dl

14.CT brain hypodensity > 1/3 of cerebral hemisphere

1.Age > 80 yr 2.Old CVA with DM 3.On anticoagulant with any INR 4.NIHSS > 25 Precaution !!!!

Page 6: PowerPoint Presentation · 10/14/2013 6 Alteplase can be used safely and effectively to treat elderly patients who suffer an acute ischemic stroke, including those over the age of

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Alteplase can be used safely and effectively to treat elderly patients who suffer

an acute ischemic stroke, including those over the age of 80 years. Severe intracranial hemorrhage is a known side effect of alteplase but is not

associated with age in patients with acute ischemic stroke.

Collaterals markedly reduce and slow down penumbra loss. These results support the hypothesis that good collaterals

extend the time window for acute stroke treatment

Page 7: PowerPoint Presentation · 10/14/2013 6 Alteplase can be used safely and effectively to treat elderly patients who suffer an acute ischemic stroke, including those over the age of

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Japan 0.6 mg/kg Europe 0.9 mg/kg

ผลลพธดานการรกษาพยาบาล

รายละเอยด 2551

2552 2553 2554

2555 2556

1.จ านวนผปวยทมาท ER 132 261 424 347 519 527

2.จ านวนผปวยทเขาระบบ Stroke Fast Track

44 261 221 336 220 160

3.จ านวนผปวยทเขา ระบบ Stroke Fast Track ทadmit ใน stroke unit/AE3

4 155 202 291 189 109

4.จ านวนผปวย Ischemic stroke ทไดรบยา rt-PA

4 26 79 82 94 49

5.ระยะเวลาเฉลยของการใหยาทนภายใน 60 นาท เมอมาถงโรงพยาบาล (Door to Needle)

87 73 54 53 77 73

6.วนนอนเฉลยของผปวยทไดยาrt-PA

11.5 6.6 4.6 5.5 4.84 5.08

เขตพนทบรการ สปสช รอยละ 1 4.98

2 3.80

3 0.54

4 5.40

5 0.64

6 1.44

7 4.73

8 4.10

9 2.58

10 0.1

11 2.07

12 2.38

13 2.66

Thailand 2.71

Page 8: PowerPoint Presentation · 10/14/2013 6 Alteplase can be used safely and effectively to treat elderly patients who suffer an acute ischemic stroke, including those over the age of

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% C

T Sc

an

Region

%CT scan55

%CT Scan 50

% ปวยตาย 50

% ปวยตาย 55

%Lytic 55

% Lytic 50

Srinivasan A et al. Radiographics 2006;26:S75-S95

Schematic shows the 10 regions of the MCA distribution, each of which accounts for one point in the ASPECTS system: M1, M2, M3, M4, M5, M6, the caudate nucleus (C), the lentiform nucleus

(L), the internal capsule (IC), and the insular cortex (I).

ASPECTS = 7, (IC,C,M5)

ASPECTS = 1, (IC,C,L,M1-M6) ASPECTS = 5,(C,I,L,M4,M5)

ASPECTS = 10

Page 9: PowerPoint Presentation · 10/14/2013 6 Alteplase can be used safely and effectively to treat elderly patients who suffer an acute ischemic stroke, including those over the age of

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Involves administration of high concentrations of thrombolytic agents near the thrombus

Lower systemic complications, including extracranial hemorrhages

Minimizing local neurotoxic effects

Page 10: PowerPoint Presentation · 10/14/2013 6 Alteplase can be used safely and effectively to treat elderly patients who suffer an acute ischemic stroke, including those over the age of

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Left internal carotid injection demonstrated complete occlusion of the MCA (M1segment )

Post IA-rtPA Complete recanalization

and near-complete clinical improvement

Neurology 79 (Suppl 1) September 25, 2012

For patients who are ineligible for fibrinolytic therapy, those with large-artery occlusions and severe stroke disability

Overall, clinicians can assure their patients that combination therapy is safe when indicated in a patient at high risk of GI bleeding.

But they should also stop PPI

if it is not clinically indicated.

Page 11: PowerPoint Presentation · 10/14/2013 6 Alteplase can be used safely and effectively to treat elderly patients who suffer an acute ischemic stroke, including those over the age of

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Patients admitted to stroke services with higher levels of organisation are more likely to receive high quality of acute stroke care.

Those patients receiving high quality care have a reduced risk of death in the 30 days after stroke,

F : Flow of work

A : Activate as soon as possible

S : Simple communication

T : Team work

T : Transparency

R : Responsibility

A : Audit

C : Continuing improvement

K : Knowledge management and transfer

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