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Created by Pet Petersen - 2008

Choice Theory


Basic belief:-

Perception determines Your behaviour


Background• Choice theory /reality therapy is based on

the work of William Glasser, an American psychiatrist.

• In 1957 Glasser developed serious reservations about psychoanalytic counselling methods.

• In 1965 he pioneered the idea of Reality Therapy-a new approach to psychiatry.

• In the 1980s he wrote a book called “Ten steps to discipline” as a way of introducing reality therapy into schools.


• Glasser, much to his disappointment found that schools used the process as an approach to discipline and left out the first 4 steps .

• The first four steps asked teachers to review their own behaviour as teachers and if it wasn’t working to change it.

• As a result, Glasser disowned the “10 Steps” and has not referred to it since.

• Instead he developed the Quality Schools Program as a way of integrating Choice theory into school curriculum.

• The main principles of choice theory in schools are that– relationships must be being based on trust, respect and elimination of

incidents of discipline– choice theory is not only a part of our school lives but is a part of our whole

lives – all students can complete quality work that is significantly beyond what is

considered to be just competence.


The main beliefs of choice theory• The only person’s behaviour we can control is our own

• All we can give or get from other people is information.

• All long lasting psychological problems are relationship problems

• Revisiting the past can do little to change the present

• We are driven by five genetic needs;-survival, fun, love, belonging and power

• We can satisfy these needs only by satisfying a picture or picture in our quality world

• All we can do from birth or death is behave .All behaviour is made up of acting, thinking, feeling and physiology

• All behaviour is chosen. We have direct control over only the acting and thinking components. We can however control our feelings and physiology through how we CHOOSE to act or think


The Seven habitsConnecting• Listening• Trusting• Supporting• Accepting• Encouraging• Negotiating• Respecting

Disconnecting• Criticising• Threatening• Blaming• Punishing• Complaining• Rewarding to control• Nagging


• We can’t make kids do anything. We can’t make ANYONE do ANYTHING. The best way we can get students to make positive choices about the learning that we are offering them is to get ourselves into their quality world as their teachers. They can only do that if they value the relationship with us


A student throws a book of a deskWhat are your choices?

How do you make that choice?

The behavioural system

The involuntary behaviour

The comparing place

The perceived world

The valuing filter

The knowledge Filter

The real world

The Quality World


Knowledge Valuing Perceived world

QualityWorld

The world inside your head Needs

Safety (security)Love (belonging)Fun (Learning)

Freedom (choice)Power (Achievement)

Needs Total Behaviour

Think Feel

Do Physical

TouchTasteSmellHearSee

World outside Your head


The real world

The people ,situationsThis is internalised through our senses• touch • feel • smell • sense • hear • see


The Knowledge Filter

• Allows us to filter in information via the lens of

• Is it useful?

• It might be useful

• It isn’t useful


The valuing filter

• This doesn’t mean our values. It means whether or not the information is important to us

• It opens up pictures in our memory that are important to us

• It is like an icon on the desk top • It goes to the heart of the matter


The Quality World • This contains the mental pictures of the

things that are important to us.

• These pictures always need satisfying and if we had them we believe we are happy fulfilled and content


The perceived world

• All we know .All information is perceived .Our perception tells us if the information is

• pleasurable or • painful ,or• neutral.


Comparing Scales

• The scales compare perception with the Quality World.

• In counselling terms “what you want?” with" what you have got ? ‘


The Behavioural System

2 Parts• Organised behaviour learned behaviours

• Creative Behaviour • we invent these when we believe our

organised behaviours aren’t working for us.”


All behaviour is totalThat is they all occur together• Acting/ feeling/ Thinking/ Physiology

QuestionWhen your car (teacher and adult)

crashes with a student’s (child’s)

• Who has the greater responsibility?


YOU CAN’T MAKE SOMEONE UNLESS:_

• You manipulate them• They fear you• They see the outcome as not important to

them• They accept the outcome as a reasonable

consequence


Change using choice theoryIt is in our Comparing place (scales) that we

compare what is in our perceived world (got) with our quality world (want ).

When our scales are out of balance there are several things that we can do to change

• 1.Quality world;- Add/ adjust /update a picture• 2.Perceived world:- Challenge the filter• 3. Behaviour System:- • Add another new behaviour Refine an existing behaviour Change our total behaviour through thinking and focusing


The Reality Therapy QuestionsWant• What do you want (The quality world)Doing• What kind of choices are you making to help you get

what you want? Evaluation• Did it work? Did that choice help you get what you want? Plan• Are there any different choices that you could make ?Information• Can you think about some information I need to give

you? • (In choice theory terms, all we can do is give another

person information)


First:-Do no Harm


Is what I am doing taking me closer to or further away from the person with whom I am dealing ?

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