pneumatic controllers
DESCRIPTION
Pneumatic ControllersTRANSCRIPT
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PNEUMATIC CONTROLLERSPrepared by: Bestin V Kallely
Karunya UniversityM.Tech Mechanical Engg.PR11ME1008
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Introduction
• Pneumatic controls are powered by compressed air.
• Pneumatic Process control are safer than Electronic and controller's, when used in Explosive atmosphere like Chemical or Petrochemical plats.
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Closed Lop Control
1. Controller2. Actuator3. Measuring Device(SP-Set Point, PV= Process variable)
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Pneumatic Controllers
• 1. Flapper Nozzle
• 2. Volume Booster
• 3. Force Balance Principle
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1. Flapper Nozzle
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• The heart of all pneumatic process control devices is a device to convert a small displacement into a pressure change.
• This displacement is based on the Flapper Nozzle.
Simple Differential Pressure Transducer
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• 2. Volume Booster
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2. Volume Booster
• When Pressure given as input then linearly related pressure as output is obtained with an ability to supply a large volume of air.
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3. Force Balance Principle
1. Air Relay
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• An increase in input signal cause air to pas from the supply to the load, while a decreasing input signal cause air to vent from the load.
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2. Balance Principle
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• The force from the feedback bellows match the force from the input signal bellows and output pressure directly proportional to (P1-P2)
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PNEUMATIC CONTROLLERFrom the figure 1, closed loop control
OP = K x ERROR= K x ( SP – PV )( where K is Gain)
Proportional only Controller ( Simplest Pneumatic Controller)
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1. Proportional plus Integral controller ( P + I )
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• Any output signal an error exist this error is called Offset Error.
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Proportional plus Integral controller plus Derivative Time( P + I + D )
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Where D is Derivative Time ( User Adjustable)
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Thank you