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International Journal of Mechanical Engineering and Technology (IJMET) Volume 8, Issue 3, March 2017, pp. 229–235 Article ID: IJMET_08_03_025

Available online at http://www.iaeme.com/IJMET/issues.asp?JType=IJMET&VType=8&IType=3

ISSN Print: 0976-6340 and ISSN Online: 0976-6359

© IAEME Publication Scopus Indexed

PLC BASED AUTOMATIC CONTROL FOR

ONBOARD SHIP GANGWAY CONVEYOR

SYSTEM

P. Veerakumar, M. Dheepak and Dr. S.V. Saravanan

Assistant Professor, Department of EEE (M),

AMET University, Chennai, Tamilnadu-India

ABSTRACT

Gangways are built for carry passengers access between the ship to the terminal.

All Comply with rules and guidelines to suit senior citizens and passengers with

impaired mobility, incresing the confidence of boarding and disembarking passengers

.During many years gangways have caused many accidents at the time of carrying

peoples to access between ship to the terminal because of overloading on the gangways

.To avoid such accidents PLC based automatic control of gangway conveyor system is

proposed.

Key words: PLC, Gangway Converyor, Ladder Diagram Etc,

Cite this Article: P. Veerakumar, M. Dheepak and Dr. S.V. Saravanan, PLC Based

Automatic Control For Onboard Ship Gangway Conveyor System, International

Journal of Mechanical Engineering and Technology, 8(3), 2017, pp. 229–235.

http://www.iaeme.com/IJMET/issues.asp?JType=IJMET&VType=8&IType=3

1. INTRODUCTION

A conveyor system is mechanical handling equipment which moves materials from one location

to other. Conveyors are useful especially in applications such as transportation of heavy and

bulky materials. Conveyors are commonly used in many industries including the automotive,

food processing, aerospace, chemical and electronic. Many factors are important in the accurate

selection of a conveyors system. It is important to know how the conveyor system will be used

beforehand. As per the loss prevention bulletin published on 03/01/2013 by the insurance

services firm of west of England, “For many people the gangway and accommodation ladder is

the first point of contact with a ship. Initial impressions are important, and a properly rigged

ladder may be the first indication to a visitor that they are boarding a well run vessel. However,

someone obliged to climb a ladder which is unsteady, slippery or unsafe may have formed an

unfavourable opinion of the ship and its crew by the time they have reached the top.’ Based on

these documents the automatic control of gangway was created to solve the problems, accidents

and increase the safety. In this proposed work, automatic control of gangway conveyor on board

ship is automated using programmable logic controller and RS logix 500 (ladder diagram

programming software), which helps to improve the safety of system by avoiding overloading

PLC Based Automatic Control For Onboard Ship Gangway Conveyor System


of gangway conveyor and also operation time will be reduced and performance is improved.

This operation will be done by controlling the exact weight that gangway can support up stair

and down stair since the gangway conveyor can move forward and reverse.

Figure 1 Block Diagram of Proposed System

The main objective of the project is

• To replace mechanical handling gangway by automatic gangway conveyor by using PLC

• To avoid overloading of conveyor by automatic control

• To control the exact weight of the conveyor

• To ensure the safety of gangway conveyor during operation

2. PROGRAMMABLE LOGIC CONTROLLER

A programmable logic controller is a special type of computer used to control machines and

processes. PLC is designed to survive in a rugged industrial atmosphere and to be very flexible

in how it interfaces with inputs and outputs to the real world.

PLC components can be divided into three major core areas.

• The power supply and rack

• The central processing unit (CPU)

• The input/output (I/O) section

PLCs come in many shapes and sizes. They can be so small as to fit in your shirt pocket

while more involved controls systems require large PLC racks. Smaller PLCs are typically

designed with fixed I/O points. For our consideration, we’ll look at the more modular rack

based systems. It’s called “modular” because the rack can accept many different types of I/O

modules that simply slide into the rack and plug in. In our project we have used Allen-Bradley

MicroLogix 1000 family PLC.



3. CONFIGURATION OF PLC

The MicroLogix 1000 programmable controller is a packaged controller containing a power

supply, input circuits, output circuits, and a processor. The controller is available in 10 I/O, 16

I/O and 32 I/O configurations, as well as an analog version with 20 discrete I/O and 5 analog

I/O.

Figure 2 Hardware Features of Controller

A hard-wired master control relay (MCR) provides a reliable means for emergency

controller shutdown. Since the master control relay allows the placement of several emergency-

stop switches in different locations, its installation is important from a safety standpoint. Over

travel limit switches or mushroom head push buttons are wired in series so that when any of

them opens, the master control relay is de-energized. This removes power to input and output

device circuits.

3. PRINCIPLES OF MACHINE CONTROL

The controller consists of a built–in power supply, central processing unit (CPU), inputs, which

you wire to input devices (such as pushbuttons, proximity sensors, limit switches), and outputs,

which you wire to output devices (such as motor starters, solid–state relays, and indicator

lights).

With the logic program entered into the controller, placing the controller in the Run mode

initiates an operating cycle. The controller’s operating cycle consists of a series of operations

performed sequentially and repeatedly, unless altered by your program logic.

4. PROGRAM SOFTWARE: RSLOGIX 500

The RSlogix family of ladder logic programming packages helps us to maximize the

performance, save project development time, and improve productivity. This family of products

has been developed to operate on Microsoft windows operating systems.



Figure 3 Block Diagram of MicroLogix1000 CPU

The RS Logix 500 programming package is compatible with programs created with

Rockwell Software DOS-based programming packages for the SLC 500 and MicroLogix

families of processors, making program maintenance across hardware platforms convenient and

easy.

Figure 4 RSLogix 500 Software for Ladder Diagram



5. LADDER DIAGRAM FOR PROPOSED SYSTEM

Figure 5 Ladder Diagram –Rung 0000 to0010

Figure 5 Ladder Diagram –Rung 0011 to0018



6. OPERATION OF AUTOMATED GANGWAY CONVEYOR SYSTEM

The functions of onboard ship gangway conveyor system are controlled using Allen – Bradley

MicroLogix 1000 Programmable controller. It receives inputs from sensors and uses RSLogic

500 software for realising the functions in form of Ladder diagram and based on which

operations such as conveyor movement, monitoring and alerting can be automatically

performed. The automatic gangway conveyor system are installed with start switch,

forward/reverse hold on push button and load cell top/down position button which helps to

manage the operations of gangway conveyor system in efficient way whenever necessary.

7. SIMULATION RESULTS

Figure 6 Side View of Proposed System

Figure 7 Top View of Proposed System



8. CONCLUSION

PLC based automatic control for onboard ship gangway conveyor system improving the

mobility and helps in avoiding accident during boarding. Thus, It serves as the helping hand

for the passengers, senior citizens, disabled people and cargo travelling in onboard ship.

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