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The Kingdom of China The Shaded Portion of the Map Indicates the Ter-ritory

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Stricke n by Famine

Frightful famine has Its clutcnes on two lands Owing to the droughtand the failure of the crops in South Central Russia 30000000 Russians in27 provinces have seen their means of subsistence swept away Men womenand children huddled in their miserable villages on the steppes of the Volgaand the Caspian sea are face to face with starvation It is feared that tenper cent may die before new crops can be gathered

The flooding of 40000 square miles of lowlands in northeastern China hasrendered 15000000 homeless It is believed that fully 4000000 of thesemay perish

So pitiful are these calamities that the voices of the starving peasantshave been heard around the world America has been among the first andmost generous in appreciating the dire need and in giving of her prosperityIBut all that has been given as yet has scarcely touched the fringe of thefamine stricken districts

New York The climax of the greatChinese famine is at hand In theiseaboard provinces 4000000 menwomen and children are starvingmore than the population of Manhat¬

tan Brooklyn the Bronx Queens andRichmond According to the latestreports the situation is much moreserious than that described in thesecolumns a few weeks ago by a cor-respondent

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in Shanghai Since earlyin the winter the 4000000 refugeeshave been homeless and destitute Ac¬

cording to the viceroy of Kiangsu itis- - ten times worse than any famineknown in China in the last 40 yearsla point of mortality it is the worstcalamity that has befallen mankindsince the beginning of the new cen-tury

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The end is not yet As the Chinesewinter reaches its height more andmore people must succumb to hungerand exposure It is not a question ofsurviving but of how many thousandsmust die That the famine will lastfor months to come is a certaintyWith all thegenerosity of other civilizod nations the relief is inadequate

40000 Square Miles FloodedThe messages received from China

last December told of the beginningsof the famine For 40 days and nightsit rained constantly The great canalextending 700 mlies from TlenTsln to Hang Chan close to the seacoast in the provinces of ChekiangKiangsu and Shan Tung burst itslianks ond 40000 square miles of lowplains were flooded Fifteen millionsof people in five provinces were moreor less affected Of these 8000000lost their property including their

-- buildings and food supplies Four mil ¬

lions were left absolutely destituteTo these beginnings nearly three

jnonths of unspeakable misery havesince been added The intermediatestages were in some respects pecu-

liar¬

to China The dwellings and farmbuildings had mud walls and roofs ofthatch The walls melted like paperan the water leaked through themThe peasants were forced to abandonthem ana waae tnrougn water up iotheir armpits to reach dry land

Stores of Grain Lost1

These Chinese fanners were a fru ¬

gal people living on millet rice pea¬

nuts sweet potatoes maize andwheat At the beginning of the win ¬

ter their store of grain was sweptaway The horses cattle and eventhe dogs that survived were soldHunger reduced thousands to a dietof gruel made of beans when theycould fas found and sweet potatoleaves

Then came reports of pitiful epi ¬

sodes peculiarly oriental in their na ¬

ture So intense did the suffering berjims that many sought death Parents killed their children by throwing J

them Into the water then took tneir

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own lives Aged people are beingdrowned or poisoned with opium toprevent their slow death by hunger

The viceroy in one of the floodedprovinces tells of a family consistingof a father mother and two childrenall of whom perished in a single dayThe mother left the house in searchof food In her absence the fatherdrowned the children When themother returned she asked where thelittle ones were Her husband re¬

plied that he could not bear to seethem starve to death and as therewas no chance of feeding them hehad thrown them into the water Thedistracted woman followed her chil-dren

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The father in utter despairtook his own life

Sell Their ChildrenIn some parts of the provinces of

Honan Kiangsu and Anhul parentsare selling their offspring the girlsfor three dollars and the boys fortwo dollars Mexican which meansabout one half those amounts in Amer-ican

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money A correspondent de-clares

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that in the Sinchow and Paichow districts the starving peoplehave been reduced to eating humanflesh and that it is being sold secretlyamong the famine sufferers

Early in the new year the faminesituation changed The starving peasants flocked to the nearest cities intheir quest for food They are livingin great camps where the pitiful con-ditions

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are intensified a hundredfoldThere are now fully 800000 refugeesat nine cities Tsingkiangpu HusianYanchow Yaowan Hsuchou Suchlen Ihsien Chinkiang and Nanking

One of the largest gatherings is atTsingkiangpu on the edge of the fam-ine

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district Here there are five campseach with at least 10000 refugees orthree times as many at one point asthere were Cuban reconcentrados in1898 The flour and bean shops of thecity have been closed There are nofoodstuffs available All are depend ¬

ent on charityIn a large camp at Antung the desti-

tute¬

peasants are also facing deathThe Chinese officials acknowledgetheir helplessness and say that theonly feasible course is to let one halfthe people dleind endeavor to obtainseed and scanty food for those who re¬

mainIn Suchien 20 per cent of the peo-

ple¬

have been living on gruel forweeks All the cattle have been soldand the donkeys sheep hogs andeven the dogs have been eateePitiful Scenes in Refugees Camps

In these camps the starving peoplefind shelter in flimsy huts of mattedgrass and strip the bark from treesdevouring them ravenously to allaythe pangs of their hunger In the bet-ter

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camp3 the people are fortunateif they receive a scanty tea cup ofrice a day

This is usually supplied at the

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kitchens established by the relief committees Some of the most pitifulscenes in the camps are enacted asthe crowds of refugees emaciated dis-eased

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and in rags besiege the kitch ¬

ens for the dole of food which meanstheir lives

J h Rogers American consul ofthe district who is acting as the spe ¬

cial Ked Cross representative amongthe famine sufferers visited refugeecamps at Chinkiang and Nanking re ¬

cently He was told that these wereInfinitely better than the other campsalong the canal yet he found thewretchedness misery and appallinghorror of the sight almost indescrib ¬

ableThere is no attempt at sanitation

he says The mat huts are crowdedtogether and each contains manymen women and children who areclothed Jn rags and are disheveledbeyond description To make mattersworse smallpox and other diseaseshave appeared among them

Widespread Measures for ReliefThe famine will continue for flvo

more months or until the crop ofspring wheat is harvested Each suf-ferer

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needs little yet in the aggregatethe requirements for their relief areformidable It is said that ten centsa day will save a family and 100 willrelieve a small community Assum ¬

ing that the total number of destituteis 4000000 the relief fund must be20000 a day for five months or at

least 3000000 The relief thus farhas been trifling in comparison withthe need

In all parts of America nursestrings hwve been loosened by menwomen and even little children tosave their kind from the pangs ofhunger and death The contributionsrange from five cents to 1000 ormore Nearly every State is represented

Fund for SufferersA fund started by contributions ot

100 each from President Rooseveltand Secretary Root is being raisedby the Christian Herald of this cityFrom this fund 35000 has been sentto China through the state depart-ment at Washington The newspapeihas promised to raise 50000 a monthadditional for February March Apriland May

The Red Cross Society has raisedabout 60000 Of this 45000 hasbeen sent to China Several weeksago 300 tons of foodstuffs were shipped from America to the famine districts The California Red Cross society was also instrumental in sending 2500 bushels of seed wheat fromSan Francisco two weeks ago on theSiberia free transportation havingbeen offered by the Pacific MailSteamship company Five thousandbushels of seed wheafagshave beengiven to the Red Cross at PortlandOre and it is being gathered at Seat-tle for shipment

There are two relief committees irChina One is composed of ChineseEuropeans and Americans at Shanghai The other comprises missionaries exclusively They are sendingfood into the districts where thegreatest suffering prevails but havebeen unable to do more than relievethe starving peasants that are neaiat hand owing to the lack of funds

As early as possible in the faminethe American Missionary society loaded 3500 bags of millet and rice onboats and sent them up to the greatcanal to the starving peasants An-

other consignment of 20000 bags followed soon after Thus far fully 16500 more bags of grain have been distiibuted making 40000 in all

The Chinese officials realize thatthe crisis is at hand and have takenextraordinary measures to aid theiistarving fellows Taxes in the affected provinces have been abated Manyofficials have had their salaries reduc-ed the saving being devoted to re-

lief¬

The mints are running overtimeto coin cash The acute sufferers insome of the districts are receivingthree cash a sixth of a cent a dayfor a month It is also proposed to re-

open¬

old canals and rebuild old roadsand thus afford the starving an oppor ¬

tunity to earn a living

SOME FAMOUS LOVING CUPS

King Hals Grace Cup and the Skin-ners

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Peacock Cup

Some of the old loving cups werecalled grace cups Of the specimensnow in possession of the Englishguilds and corporations the most fa-

mous¬

is the Henry VIII grace cupwhich belongs to the Barbers Co ofLondon

With its four globular bells hang¬

ing around the outer rim says theJewelers Circular this cup mightwell excite the envy of even the mosthonest collector of silverware

The name of the cup Is derivedfrom the fact that King Hal was thedonor the grace cup being intendedto commemorate the union of the bar ¬

bers with the guild of surgeons Thecover carried the Tudor rose port ¬

cullis and fleur-de-li-s the finial of thelid being mounted with the imperialcrown the English and French armsbeing beneath supported by the lionand greyhound

The Skinners Co has a pea¬

cock cup though it is in thoform of a peahen This large silverbird with three chicks at her feetstands on the silver badge which wasformerly worn by the companysbarge master and around it are theengraved words TheGift of Maryye daughter of Richard Robinson andwife to Thomas Smith and JamesPeacock Skinners 1642 The ladystwo husbands were both masters ofthe company

Norwegian WhalersThe Norwegians have whaling es-

tablishments¬

in Iceland ScotlandSouth America Japan and elsewhera J

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Where the Emigrant Lands

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From stereograph copyright by Underwood Underwood N Y

Magnificent building at Ellis Island through which all aliens must passanc where they must undergo a rigid and thorough inspection and examina ¬

tion as to their qualifications before they are allowed to land In the UnitedStates

BENEFIT GREATLY BY WORK OF

AGRICULTURAL DEPARTMENT

Ahead 231000000 Each Year Accord-ing

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to Estimate Bureau of Ani ¬

mal Industry First ShowingHens Their Duty Valuable

Washington The people profit231000000 annually by the work of

the agricultural department accord ¬

ing to the estimates of the bureau off-icials

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made public in the report of thecommittee on expenditures in the agricultural department which has i 5000000spent the entire session investigatingtho department

The bureau of animal industry leads The which supltet an annual valuation of port that it annually

50000000 of which 100000 is because of the experiments making henslay more plentifully

Chief Willis J Moore of the weath-er

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bureau says his bureau annuallybenefits the people 30000000

40000 HORSES EATEN IN A YEAR

Consumption Increases Fast in Parisand Is Aided by Doctors

Paris According to official statis-tics

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40000 horses were eaten inParis last year This represents about11000000 kilogrammes of horsefleshas compai ed with the earlier figuresof 1899 when a total of onlywas eaten This branch of the butch¬

er business in Paris seems to begrowing rapidly in favor so that thehorse butcher is assuming the posi-tion

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of quite a respectable competitorwith the beef butcher

Horse butchers signs with a gild ¬

ed horeshead above the door arenumerous in certain quarters of thecity and horse butchers are rapidlypreempting spaces in the markethalls This is particularly the casein well-to-d- o sections and the fact al-

most¬

prompts the suggestion that thedoctors in league with the horsebutchers

Doctors are more and more recom-mending

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for certain patients who arein need of building up their shatteredsystems a bit of horseflesh and forpersons whose constitutions arethoroughly run down with weakenedstomachs they prescribe the juice ofhorseflesh prepared under certainsimple conditions instead of the freshmeat itself

At the markets during the earlymorning hours each day men andwomen stand in line waiting theirturn to be served by the horse butcherThey call for a nice steak or filet andbeing well versed on the matter ofquality are very particular in theirselections Some butchers make aspecialty of mule meat which con-

tains¬

more fatty matter than horsemeat

No Cemetery for CatsBoston The bill for the incorpora-

tion¬

of a cemetery for the burial ofpet cats which had been advanced tothe third reading stage in the legis-lature

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was itself consigned to thegraveyard when Representative Mockof Boston said

I thought this measure was a jokebut I really begin to believe that somemen are taking it seriously First wehave the burial ground for these petsThen of course why not funeralsThen the decoration of the graves ofthese pets for the decoration ofgraves is entirely proper And whoknows but one of the ministers ofthis house might not be called on toofficiate at the burial services

The house reversed its previous ac-

tion¬

and killed the bill 52 to 71

Englands Navy CheapestLondon Great Britain has the

cheapest navy in the world accordingto the report of Admiralty SecretaryRobertson It costs 445 a ton Rus-

sias¬

cost 465 a ton In ten years1132205 tons have been added to thenavy while Russia Germany andFrance together only added 1108280tons Two years hence Great Britainwill have completed six new battle-ships

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including three of the Dread ¬

nought class and three armored cruis-ers

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of the Invincible class whileneither France nor Germany will havea single ship of those types completed

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FARMERSThe bureau of plant industry places

its value at 29000000 Of this 100000 is because of the saving by intro ¬

ducing the resilient cow peaDr Harvey W Wiley of the bureau

of chemistry thinks his office does10000000 of good He places the In ¬

vestigation of sorghum syrup the sav-ing

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from the investigation of thesugar beet and the utilization of wastein making denatured alcohol at 1000000 each lie estimates the value ofhis poison squad experiments in de-termining

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the effects on health of foodpreservatives and coloring matter at

Dr Wiley thinks his inves- -ligation of the sweet or hot cornindustry is worth annually 250000

bureau of biology inthe with j of its estimate

5000000

are

benefits the people 3000000 submitted beautiful orange colored maps la-

beled¬

Skunk area of the UnitedStates asserts that 1500000 bene-fit

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was derived from its work amongcoyotes and wolves The biological

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RELICS OF DEPARTED BISON AREBECOMING VERY SCARCE

Few of the Mounted Trophies of Al ¬

most Extinct Monarch of thePlains Are Now for Sale

at Any Price

Kansas City Mo Mounted buffaloheads are becoming scarce buffalohead in good condition will sell read-ily

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for 400 to 1200 according tosize and condition

And only 30 years ago thousands ofthem were left to rot upon the west-ern

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plainsNot many weeks ago Frank Rocke-

feller¬

of Cleveland brought a buffalobull to Kansas City from his ranch inKansas He sold tbe meat to a butch-er

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But the head and hide he sent tohis home It was a magnificent speci-men

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Mr Rockefeller valued the head andhide at 1200 said Weber but itwas not for sale at any price Theold buffalo weighed 2500 poundsThink of it buffalo bull weighingmore than a ton long beard hungfrom his chin and his coat was shag¬

gy But the buffalo was 27 years oldAlong in the lates 70s officials of

the Kansas Pacific railroad bought 38buffaloes that were shot on the plainsof Kansas A buffalo head was theroads trade mark These 38 speci-mens

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were handsomely mounted anddistributed throughout the townsalong the length of the road Someof these heads are still seen in theoffices of the Union Pacific railwayOne is in the Kansas City ticket officeat Ninth and Walnut streets

I do not know its value now

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survey appropriation was loft out o

the agricultural bill for tho reasonthat tho money asked was to be ex¬

pended in mapping districts In theUnited States which would make idealhomes for frogs

Tho bureau of entomology thlnkaltsaves the people 22000000 a year oV

which 5000PJ00 is because It was In ¬

strumental In the Introduction of theAustralian lady bird beetle

The bureau of public roads Is themost modest of all and only assortsIt benefits the people 873000 a year

The report severely criticises ChiefMoore of the weather bureau for bisexpenditures on Mount Weathor theresearch Institution which ho estab ¬

lished in the Blue Ridge mountains ata cost or 161000 for which Comptrol ¬

ler Tracewell says under existing lawthere is no authority

Secretary Wilson of the departmentof agriculture Is criticised for exceed ¬

ing his authority in expending the ap ¬

propriation for the now departmentof agriculture building Instead ofcompleting a structure for tho entiredepartment he spent the moaey Inbuilding a single wing

DEAF WILL ENJOY MU8IC

French Doctor Declared to Have Won-

derful¬

Invention

Paris An extraordinary inventionappears to have been made by a Frenchdoctor M Dupont according to a com-munication

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read to the Academy ofScience by M DArsonval Dr Dupontintended to invent a process by whichthe sensation of music could be con ¬

veyed to deaf mutesHe devised an apparatus by which

the number of vibrations In each mu-sical

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note is conveyed through electricwires with alternating currents Theapparatus is attached to a microphoneand musical sounds are transmitted tothe body with extraordinary distinctness

The feeling produced Is said to bemore delightful than when the notesare heard and not only deaf mutes buttpersons with good hearing declare thatthe sensation is positively delicious

gay waltz produces unwontedhilarity and every nerve and muscle inthe body seems to dance from the ef¬

forts of what might be appropriatelydescribed as a musical tickling ma--

chineOne may look forward therefore to

the time when one can feel as well ashear Mozarts operas or Beethovenssymphonies

Official Seal of Jamestown Exposition

Ofyir KSf Sp

Buffalo Heads Expensive

A

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said Thomas A Shaw the assistantticket agent But I should say 1000would not buy it

In the museum at the public libraryis the head of a big buffalo bull whichhas a history The animal was onewhich roamed the plains in the Pan ¬

handle of Texas the leader of a herdHe was a surly brute when capturedon the Goodnight ranch in 1899 andloaded in a car for Kansas City- - Abutcher who wished to supply somefancy meat for his customers boughthim and sent him to a packing plantto be killed But the buffalo taughtthe butchers a lesson in baffaloology

The old bull was driven Into thekilling chute The man with the axsteadied himself and swung a terrificblow squarely between the animalseyes But the old bull shook his shag ¬

gy head and bellowed Again the exe-cutioner

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swung the ax This time thebull objected to such tiring tormentand leaped from the chute

Bring a rifle ordered the chief ex-ecutioner

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and well shoot himThe rifle was brought but the bul ¬

lets rattled off his hide like shellsfrom armor plateLasso him was then ordered

When the bull was down he wasagain shot but little damage wasdone The butters in desperationthen wound the lariat about the oldbulls neck and choked him to deathBut he died game fought until un¬

conscious

Sulphur Yellow in VogueLondon According to the Drapers

Record sulphur yellow which alreadvhas a vogue in Paris will be the por- -ular shade this year both for womens --

frocks and for household decoration

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