pipework design using pdms

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VANTAGE Plant Design

Pipework Design Using VANTAGE PDMSVersion 11.6SP1

pdms1161/Pipework Design Using PDMSissue 150904


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PLEASE NOTE:

AVEVA Solutions has a policy of continuing product development: therefore, the informationcontained in this document may be subject to change without notice.AVEVA SOLUTIONS MAKES NO WARRANTY OF ANY KIND WITH REGARD TO THISDOCUMENT, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OFMERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.While every effort has been made to verify the accuracy of this document, AVEVA Solutionsshall not be liable for errors contained herein or direct, indirect, special, incidental orconsequential damages in connection with the furnishing, performance or use of this material.

This manual provides documentation relating to products to which you may not have access orwhich may not be licensed to you. For further information on which Products are licensed toyou please refer to your licence conditions.

Copyright 1991 through 2005 AVEVA Solutions LimitedAll rights reserved. No part of this document may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval systemor transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recordingor otherwise, without prior written permission of AVEVA Solutions.

The software programs described in this document are confidential information andproprietary products of AVEVA Solutions or its licensors.

For details of AVEVA's worldwide sales and support offices, see our website at

http://www.aveva.com

AVEVA Solutions Ltd, High Cross, Madingley Road, Cambridge, CB3 0HB, UK
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Revision History

Date Version Notes

October 2003 11.5 Updated to incorporate the Design Explorerand the newview manipulation facilities introduced at this versionof PDMS.

September 2004 11.6 Updated for PDMS11.6

January 2005 11.6SP1 Updated for PDMS SP1

Pipework Design Using VANTAGE PDMS Revision History-iVersion 11.6SP1


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Contents

1. Read this First .............................................................................. 1-1

1.1. The Scope of this Guide ............................................................................1-11.1.1. Intended Audience..................................................................................1-11.1.2. Assumptions...........................................................................................1-11.1.3. About the Tutorial Exercise ....................................................................1-11.1.4. Further Reading......................................................................................1-1

1.2. Text Conventions.......................................................................................1-21.3. Terminology...............................................................................................1-2 1.4. How the Guide is Organised......................................................................1-31.5. Further Training in Using PDMS................................................................1-3

2. Introducing VANTAGE PDMS...................................................... 2-12.1. Introducing the Structure of PDMS............................................................2-12.2. The Strengths of PDMS.............................................................................2-12.3. PDMS Piping Network Design Features....................................................2-2

3. Getting Started ............................................................................. 3-1

3.1. Logging In..................................................................................................3-13.2. Using the Mouse........................................................................................3-23.3. Using Forms ..............................................................................................3-2

3.3.1. Using Text Boxes ...................................................................................3-23.3.2. Using Drop-Down Lists...........................................................................3-3

3.4. The PDMS Startup Display........................................................................3-43.5. Using Menus..............................................................................................3-53.6. Using the Toolbar ......................................................................................3-63.7. Using the Design Explorer.........................................................................3-73.8. Using the Status Bar..................................................................................3-83.9. More on Using Forms ................................................................................3-8

3.9.1. Using Option Buttons..............................................................................3-93.9.2. Using Check Boxes ................................................................................3-93.9.3. Using Scrollable Lists .............................................................................3-93.9.4. Using Action Buttons ..............................................................................3-9

3.10.Responding to Alert Forms......................................................................3-103.11.Using On-Line Help .................................................................................3-10

4. Setting Up the PDMS Database Hierarchy ................................. 4-1

4.1. How PDMS Stores Design Data................................................................4-14.1.1. PDMS design data definitions ................................................................4-2

4.2. Creating some administrative elements.....................................................4-3

5. Creating Some Equipment Items ................................................ 5-1

5.1. How Equipment Items are Represented....................................................5-15.1.1. The Basic Principles ...............................................................................5-15.1.2. Using Predefined Templates for Standard Equipment...........................5-2

5.2. Creating a Storage Tank to a Standard Design.........................................5-35.3. Adding a Nozzle to the Storage Tank........................................................5-65.4. Viewing the Design....................................................................................5-8

5.4.1. Defining what Appears in the View.........................................................5-8

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5.4.2. Manipulating the Displayed View..........................................................5-10

5.5. Creating Some More Equipment Items....................................................5-125.5.1. Creating a vertical vessel .....................................................................5-125.5.2. Naming the Nozzle in the Base of the New Vessel. .............................5-135.5.3. Creating a Standard Design Pump.......................................................5-145.5.4. Changing the Orientation of an Equipment Item..................................5-155.5.5. Tidying Up Afterwards ..........................................................................5-18

5.6. Saving Your Changes and Leaving Your Design Session.......................5-18

6. Routing a Sequence of Piping Components.............................. 6-1

6.1. Design-to-Catalogue Cross-Referencing...................................................6-16.2. How Piping Networks are Represented.....................................................6-1

6.2.1. Pipes and Branches ...............................................................................6-26.2.2. Piping Components ................................................................................6-3

6.3. Restoring your PDMS Session and Starting the Pipework Application .....6-36.4. Setting a Default Specification...................................................................6-46.5. Creating a Simple Pipework Sequence .....................................................6-5

6.5.1. Modifying Pipe Sequences...................................................................6-126.6. Creating a Second Pipework Sequence..................................................6-416.7. Quick Pipe Routing..................................................................................6-476.8. Deleting Pipe Routes...............................................................................6-57

7. Checking and Outputting Design Data....................................... 7-1

7.1. Checking for Design Data Inconsistencies ................................................7-17.1.1. Design tolerances...................................................................................7-2

7.2. Checking for Clashes.................................................................................7-47.2.1. Obstruction Levels..................................................................................7-47.2.2. Extent of Clashing ..................................................................................7-47.2.3. The Clash Detection Process.................................................................7-5

7.3. Generating a Data Output Report..............................................................7-67.4. Generating Isometric Plots ........................................................................7-77.5. Conclusion...............................................................................................7-10

Appendix A The Equipment and Piping Design Database................1

Appendix B Other Relevant Documentation ......................................1

B.1 PDMS introductory guides............................................................................1B.2 PDMS Reference Manuals ...........................................................................1B.3 General Guides.............................................................................................2

Appendix C Sample Plots ....................................................................1

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1. Read this First

1.1. The Scope of this Guide

This guide introduces some of the facilities provided by VANTAGE PDMS fordesigning and documenting interconnected piping networks for a wide range ofprocess and related plant design industries, both on-shore and off-shore. It explainsthe main concepts underlying PDMS and its supporting applications, and shows howyou can apply these to your own design projects.

The chapters of this guide take the form of a hands-on tutorial exercise combinedwith frequent explanation of the underlying concepts. As you work progressively

through the exercise, you will gain practical experience of the ways in which you canuse PDMS while learning about the powerful facilities it provides.

1.1.1. Intended Audience

This guide has been written for engineers familiar with piping design practices, whomay or may not have prior knowledge of PDMS.

1.1.2. Assumptions

For you to use this guide, the sample PDMS project, Project SAM, must be correctly

installed on your system, and you must have read/write access to the projectdatabases.

It is assumed that you know:

where to find PDMS on your computer system

how to use the Windows operating system installed on your site.

Contact your systems administrator if you need further help in either of these areas.

1.1.3. About the Tutorial Exercise

All the steps of the exercise are numbered sequentially throughout the guide. Thestart and end of each part of the exercise is marked by lines across the page toseparate them from the general information sections, like this:

1.1.4. Further Reading

You can find a list of relevant AVEVA documentation in the appendices of thisguide.

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Read this First

1.2. Text Conventions

This guide uses the following text conventions.

Convention Used for

Serif for the majority of the text.

Bold to highlight important information.Serif italic to denote internal cross references and citations, and

to introduce new terms and special terminology.

Sans-serif to denote keys on your keyboard.

Sans-serif bold for menu names and options, and for the names offorms.

Typewriter for text within a form, including text that you enter

yourself using the keyboard.

1.3. Terminology

You can switch rapidly between the different parts of the program, so that thedistinctions between them become almost imperceptible, but you need to recognisewhat is happening when you select from the different functions available to you fromthe various menus.

The following terms are used throughout this guide to describe what action to carry

out.

Term Action

Enter Type text into the specified dialogue box, then pressthe Enter(or Return) key to confirm the entry.

Click Place the mouse pointer over a specified point, thenquickly press and release the designated mousebutton. If no button is specified, use the left-handmouse button.

Pick Click on the required item to select it.

Drag Place the mouse pointer over a specified point, thenpress and hold down the required mouse buttonwhile moving the pointer to a second specified point.Release the button over the second point.

Double-click Place the mouse pointer over a specified point, thenclick the left-hand mouse button twice in quicksuccession.



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1.4. How the Guide is Organised

This guide is divided into three parts, including some appendices, as follows:

Chapter 1

introduces this guide and summarises its scope.Chapter 2 gives a general overview of the main design facilities provided

within the pipework application.

Chapter 3 gives you a general guide to using the PDMS graphical userinterface, including an explanation of how to access detailed on-linehelp. A running example is used from this chapter on, to illustrateessential concepts.

Chapter 4 explains how PDMS stores its design data and shows you how toorganise your data.

Chapter 5 demonstrates how to create some simple items of equipment.Although not strictly part of the piping design process, the stepsdescribed in this chapter introduce you to the ways in which thedesign applications work and result in some reference pointsbetween which to route pipe runs in later parts of the exercise.

Chapter 6 explains the key features of piping design using PDMS and showsyou how to build up a piping sequence component by component.

Chapter 7 shows how to check your design for errors and inconsistencies, andhow to generate reports and isometric plots directly from the designdata. It concludes the worked example.

Appendix A summarises the database hierarchy which PDMS uses to store yourpiping design data.

Appendix B identifies other sources of information which supplement, andexpand upon, the brief details given in this guide.

Appendix C contains some examples of the types of isometric plot, includingmaterial take-off lists, which can be produced easily by usingPDMS.

The guide concludes with an Index, allowing you to refer back to any specific topicsabout whose details you need to be reminded.

1.5. Further Training in Using PDMS

This guide teaches you to about the key features of using PDMS for piping designsonly.

If you wish to learn more about the wide-ranging facilities of PDMS, AVEVAprovides a wide range of training courses, covering all levels of expertise and alldesign disciplines. For details of courses, and to arrange course attendance, contactyour nearest AVEVA support office (see the copyright page at the front of this guidefor our web address).



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2. Introducing VANTAGE PDMS

This chapter:

introduces PDMS

explains the structure of PDMS

explains the strengths of PDMS

describes piping network design features.

2.1. Introducing the Structure of PDMS

PDMS comprises the following functional parts:

modules

applications.

A module is a subdivision of PDMS that you use to carry out specific types ofoperation. This guide covers the following modules:

Design, which you use for creating the 3D design model

Isodraft, which you use for generating annotated and dimensioned isometric

drawings of your design.An application is supplementary program that has been tailored to provide easycontrol of operations that are specific to a particular discipline. The applications youwill use for piping design work in this guide are:

Equipment

Pipework.

You can switch quickly and easily between different parts of PDMS.

2.2. The Strengths of PDMS

In VANTAGE PDMS, you have a powerful suite of facilities, designed by pipingengineers for piping engineers, for creating, analysing, and documenting logicallyinterconnected piping networks.



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The emphasis is on maximising both design consistency and design productivity:

The design modelling functions incorporate a degree of apparent intelligencethat enables them to make sensible decisions about the consequential effectsof many of your design choices. This allows you to implement a sequence of

related decisions with a minimum of effort. You can incorporate modifications into your design at any stage without fear

of invalidating any of your prior work, because data consistency-checking is anintegral part of the product. PDMS automatically manages drawingproduction, material take-off reports, and so on, by reading all design datadirectly from a common set of databases, to prevent errors from beingintroduced by transcribing information between different disciplines.

The applications let you check all aspects of your design as work progresses.This includes on-line interdisciplinary clash detection, so the chances of errorsand inconsistencies reaching the final documented design are reduced to anexceptionally low level.

The applications are controlled from a graphical user interface. This meansthat all design, drawing and reporting operations are initiated by selectingchoices from menus, and by entering data into on-screen forms. For ease ofuse, many common actions are also represented by pictorial icons.

On-screen help is available to assist you whenever you need help.

2.3. PDMS Piping Network Design Features

The VANTAGE PDMS pipework applications offer the following key benefits:

The applications are designed to use specification data when selecting pipingcomponents from the Catalogue database, so that design consistency andconformity to standards are ensured. It is important, therefore, that thePiping Catalogue databases are properly maintained: a SpecificationGenerator facility is provided to enable this to be achieved with a minimum ofeffort.

You can name piping elements in accordance with a predefined set of rules, sothat their positions in the database hierarchy are always obvious without youhaving to enter specific texts during the design process.

You can create pointers to define the storage areas in which specific types of

design element are to be held in the database hierarchy. This, especially whencombined with the rule-based naming facility, minimises the amount of datawhich you have to enter explicitly as you build up your design model.

You can set up temporary lists of elements, so that you can carry out a designoperation on all elements within the list simultaneously. This can avoid agreat deal of repetitive work when you carry out commonly-repeated designmodifications.

The applications incorporate a number of geometric design aids, such as 3Dpositioning grids, design pins and 2D routing planes, to make it easy for you toposition piping elements accurately within the design model. In most casesyou can specify the points at which design items are to be positioned using the

pointer to pick the required points in a 3D model view.



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At any stage of your work, you can create reports listing specified data fromthe current database. You can specify a standard report template, so you canderive lists of commonly-required information very quickly, or you can designa one-off report format to suit special needs. The resultant output, which caninclude data from any design discipline, sorted in any way you require, can be

either displayed on your screen or sent to a file (for storage and/or forprinting).



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3. Getting Started

This chapter explains:

how to log in to PDMS

how to use the windows, menus and forms that comprise the PDMS graphicaluser interface

on-line help.

3.1. Logging In

This is the first step of the tutorial exercise. If you do not know where the PDMSprogram is stored on your system, you will have to contact your systemadministrator at this point.

Exercise begins:

1. Start PDMS by double-clicking on the PDMS icon.

The VANTAGE PDMS Login form that appears requires you to specify a number

of details at the outset of your session.

Ignore any entries currently shown in this form. The next section describes

how to complete the boxes, and the exercise continues afterwards.



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3.2. Using the Mouse

You use the mouse to steer the graphics pointer around the screen and to select orpick items by using the mouse buttons. The buttons perform different tasksdepending on the type of window, and the position within the window, where thepointer is positioned. The appearance of the pointer changes according to the type ofdisplay item that is underneath it.

The left-hand mouse button has three functions:

On a graphical view, clicking the left-hand button with the pointer over adesign element results in that element becoming the current element(that is,the design item on which you want to carry out the next operation).

In a sequence of menus, dragging with the left-hand button activates thecommand represented by the highlighted menu option when the button isreleased.

On a form, the effect varies according to what you select.

The middle mouse button is used primarily to manipulate a graphical view; theright-hand button (which gives a shortcut menu) is used to access the menu optionsspecific to the graphical view window.

3.3. Using Forms

Forms can include any of the following:

text boxes

drop-down lists

option buttons

check boxes

scrollable lists

action buttons.

Text boxes and drop-down lists are explained below; the remainder are explainedlater in this chapter.

3.3.1. Using Text Boxes

Text boxes are the areas where you type in alphanumeric data such as names ordimensions. A text box will usually have a label to tell you what to enter.

When you first open a form which contains text boxes, the first text-box on the formis current and a text editing pointer (a vertical bar) is displayed in the box. A text-box often contains a default entry (such as unset) when first displayed. Some textboxes accept only text or only numeric data, and entries with the wrong type of data

are not accepted.



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To enter data into a text box:

Click in the box to insert the text editing pointer.

Type in the required data, editing any existing entry as necessary. You mayneed to delete the existing entry first.

When you have finished, confirm the entry by pressing the Enter(or Return)key. Any text box with an unconfirmed setting is highlighted by a yellowbackground.

3.3.2. Using Drop-Down Lists

Drop-down lists let you choose one option from a multiple selection. The list willusually have a label to tell you what you are setting and will show the currentselection.

They typically have the following appearance:

To change the setting, click on the down arrow or button face to reveal the full list ofavailable options, then pick the required option.

Exercise continues:

2. Click on the VANTAGE PDMS Login form to make it active.

3. Give the name of the Project in which you want to work: enter SAM.

4. Give your allocated Username: enter PIPE.

5. Give your allocated Password: enter PIPE.

6. Give the part of the project Multiple Database (MDB) you want to work in: enterPIPE.

7. Give the name of the module you wish to use: select Design.

Make sure that you leave the Read Only box unchecked, so that you can modify

the database as you work.

8. You must specify which files to load at startup. You can choose either theapplication default settings (Load from Macro Files) or a customised setup saved

during an earlier session (Load from Binary Files). Select MacroFiles.



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When you have entered all the necessary details, the form looks like this:

Click on the button.

3.4. The PDMS Startup Display

When PDMS has loaded, your screen looks like this:

Main Tool Bar

3D Graphical View

Main Menu Bar

Status Bar

3D View Tool Bar

Design Explorer

Title Bar



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As labelled above, the display comprises the following:

Display Area What it Shows

Title Bar This shows the current PDMS module, and its sub-applicationif applicable.

Main Menu Bar This is the area you use to make menu selections.

Main Tool Bar This has a number of icon buttons and drop-down lists thatoffer shortcuts to a selection common PDMS operations andstandard settings.

Design Explorer This shows your current position in the PDMS databasehierarchy. To move to a different point in the database, youclick on the appropriate item in the list. Section 3.7 belowexplains more about how to use the Design Explorer.

3D GraphicalView

This is the window in which you display the design model

graphically as you build it. The shortcut menu (which youaccess with the right-hand mouse button) enables you tocontrol how the model is represented. This window also has itsown tool bar.

Status Bar This displays information about the current status of youroperations.

You can reposition or minimise these windows at any time using standard windowmanagement facilities.

3.5. Using Menus

Menu options in pull-down or pop-up menus can be in any of three formats:

Standalone options initiate an action immediately.

Options followed by three dots display a form.

Options followed by a pointer, display a subsidiary menu thatoffers a further range of options.

Throughout this guide, related selections from menus are abbreviated form usingthe > symbol as a separator.



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For example: select Position>Move>Distance means:

a) Select Position from the bar men.b) Select Move from the resulting pull-down menuc) Move the pointer to the right and select Distance from the resultant submenu.

3.6. Using the Toolbar

The tool bar is displayed immediately below the main menu bar in the applicationwindow. It contains a number of icon buttons which let you carry out common taskswithout searching for the options in the menus.

The actions of the buttons are explained in the on-line help. If you pause the pointerover a button, a tool-tip pop-up box will remind you of the function of the button. Toactivate a button, you click on it.

Note The tool bar can be switched off, or displayed with larger icons. Todo so, select Settings>System from the main menu bar and then setthe required options on the resulting System Settings form.



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3.7. Using the Design Explorer

The Design Explorerpresents a hierarchical view of the PDMS databases and makes

navigating around the Design Database quick and easy.

The figure below shows a typical example of the information the Design Explorerdisplays:

To expand or collapse any branch of the tree, click on the or icon.

You can reduce the amount of information the tree displays by ticking the filtercheckbox and selecting one of the predefined core filters from the drop-down combo-box list. If you want to narrow the view down even more, you can change the settingsin the Explorer Settings, which you can access by selecting Settings>Explorerfromthe main menu.

If you place the mouse-pointer over an element, you will get a ToolTip that gives theelements name, type, and description; clicking-the right mouse-button while thecursor is over an element will bring up a context menu from which you can choose toperform various actions. What actions are available depend on which DB andmodule you are using.

You can drag-and-drop elements within the Design Explorerto copy them, or you candrag-and-drop from the Design Explorerto add elements to the 3D view and My Data.



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Getting Started

The current element is highlighted in the tree view and the current element willchange to follow selections made elsewhere, even if the Exploreris not the activewindow. If you set the Expand to CE check box in the Explorer Settings, the tree willautomatically expand to show the current element if it is not currently in view.

The current element is also the displayed in the History List, which you will find by

default on the main menu bar. However, you can undock the History List and have itas a free-floating window. The figure below shows the History List as a free-floatingwindow.

You can make another element the current element using the History List by:

typing the elements name into the combo box;

selecting a previously typed in element from the combo-boxs pull-down list.Note that if you dock the window vertically, it will not display the combo-box.;

navigating through the history one element at a time using the backwardsand forwards buttons;

selecting elements from anywhere in the History List using the drop down listson the backwards and forwards buttons.

3.8. Using the Status Bar

The status bar displays messages telling you what actions the application is carryingout. You should look at it frequently, especially if the system appears to be waitingfor you to do something, since it will always prompt you for any input or actionwhich is required to carry out the next step of your current activity.

If the prompt lets you repeat a task an unspecified number of times, such as pickinga selection of items using the pointer, you must press the Escape key when you havefinished to indicate that you are ready to move to the next operation.

3.9. More on Using Forms

Forms are used both to display information and to let you enter new data. Formstypically comprise an arrangement ofbuttons of various types, text-boxes, andscrollable lists. Input to a form is usually via a combination of mouse and keyboard.

While you have access to a form, you can change a setting, return to the initialvalues, accept and act on the current data, or cancel the form without applying anychanges, according to the nature of the form.



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You were introduced to text boxers and drop-down lists in Section 3.3.2; this sectiondescribes the remaining boxes, buttons and lists:

option buttons

check boxes

scrollable lists action buttons.

3.9.1. Using Option Buttons

Option buttons are used to select one, and only one, from a group of options. Theselection is mutually exclusive, so that selecting one option deselects others in thatgroup automatically.


Option selectedOption not selected

To change the selected option button in a group, click the required button.

3.9.2. Using Check Boxes

Check boxes are used to switch an option between two states, typically set andunset. Unlike option buttons, they do not interact, so that you can set anycombination of check boxes at the same time.


Set

Unset

3.9.3. Using Scrollable Lists

A scrollable list is displayed as a vertical list of options within the form, with verticaland horizontal scroll bars along its sides. To select an option, click on the line youwant. The selected line is highlighted.

Some scrollable lists let you make only a single selection, so that selecting any optiondeselects all others automatically. Other lists let you make multiple selections, withall selected options highlighted simultaneously. You can deselect a highlightedoption in a multiple-choice list, by clicking on it again (repeated clicks toggle aselection).

3.9.4. Using Action Buttons

Most forms include one or more action buttons. You use these to tell PDMS what todo with the details you have entered in the form.



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The common action buttons are:

Tells PDMS to accept the current form settings, and closes theform.

Cancels any changes you have made to the form, and closes the

form.Tells PDMS to accept the current form settings, and leaves theform displayed for further use.

Cancels any changes you have made to the form, and leaves theform displayed for further use.

Closes the form, keeping the current settings.

Some forms contain more specific types ofcontrolbutton which carry out particularcommand options. The action is indicated by the name of the button (such Add orRemove).

3.10. Responding to Alert Forms

Alert forms are used to display information such as error messages, prompts andrequests for confirmation of changes. You should respond by carrying out the taskprompted for, or by clicking on the control buttons on the form (usually an OK orCancel button).

3.11. Using On-Line HelpMost bar menus end with a Help option. Where available, on-line help gives detailedinstructions on how to use the forms and menus from which you control eachapplication.



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Choosing one of the Help options will bring up the Help window. The picture belowshows a typical example of what you will see:

The pane on the right shows by default a clickable image of the main PDMS Designwindow. If you click on an area of the image, the image will be replaced by text thatdescribes the part of the image you clicked on.

The left pane contains a set of tabs that allow you to use Help in different ways.Choosing one of the options described below activates the relevant tab for you so it isat the front when the Help window comes up.

The Help option gives you the following choices from its submenu:

Help>Contents

This displays the Help window so that you can find the required topic from thehierarchical contents list.

Help>Index

This displays the Help window with the Index tab selected, so that you can browse forthe topic you want to read about from the alphabetically-arranged list. You can

locate topics quickly by typing in the first few letters of their title.Help>Search

This displays the Help window with the Search tab at the front so that you can findall topics containing the keywords you specify.

Help>About

This displays information about the current operating system on your computer andabout the versions of PDMS and its applications to which you have access.

Pressing theF1 key at any time will display the help topic for the currently activewindow.



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4. Setting Up the PDMS Database Hierarchy

In this chapter, you will learn:

about the PDMS database hierarchy

how PDMS stores design data

Although this guide is about the design of piping networks, in practice you willusually need to route your pipe runs between predefined design points such asequipment nozzles. You will therefore learn how these other items are defined inPDMS as well as learning how to connect sequences of piping components betweenthem.

In this chapter you will look at the ways in which equipment data and piping designdata is stored by PDMS, and you will create some administrative data elements toenable you to organise your detailed design in a logical way.

4.1. How PDMS Stores Design Data

All PDMS data is stored in the form of a hierarchy. A PDMS Design database has:

a top level, World (usually represented by the symbolic name /*)

two principal administrative sublevels, Site and Zone.

The names used to identify database levels below Zone depend on the specificengineering discipline for which the data is used. For piping design data, the loweradministrative levels (and their PDMS abbreviations) are:

Pipe (PIPE)

Branch (BRAN).

Each Pipe can represent any portion of the overall piping network, but is usuallyused to group items with a common specification.

Each Branch within a Pipe represents a single sequence of piping componentsrunning between two, and only two, points:

Branch Head

Branch Tail.

The data which defines the physical design of the individual piping components isheld below Branch level.

In the basic configuration, equipment design data has only one administrative levelbelow Zone: the Equipment (EQUI).



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The data which defines the physical design of each equipment item is represented bya set of basic 3D shapes known as Primitives (Box, Cylinder, etc.) held belowEquipment level. Connection points are represented by Nozzles (NOZZ).

Together, these hierarchic levels give the following overall format:

WORLD (/*)

SITE

ZONE

PIPE

BRANCH

Design data defining individual piping components

SITE

ZONE

EQUIPMENT

Design data defining equipment shapes (primitives)and connection points (nozzles)

(elbows, bends, tees, valves, etc.)

4.1.1. PDMS design data definitions

All data is represented in the database (DB) as follows:

Each identifiable item of data is known as a PDMS element.

Each element has a number of associated pieces of information which,together, completely define its properties. These are known as its attributes.

Every element is identified within the database structure by an automatically-allocated reference number and, optionally, by a user-specified name. Additionalitems of information about an element which can be stored as attribute settingsinclude, the:

element type

element physical dimensions and technical specifications

element physical location and orientation in the design model

element connectivity.

Some attribute settings must be defined by you when you create a new element,others will be defined automatically by PDMS.

When you are modifying a database (for example, when you are creating newelements or changing the settings of their attributes), you can consider yourself to bepositioned at a specific point within the hierarchy. The element at this location iscalled the current element(usually abbreviated to CE).

In many cases, commands which you give for modifying the attributes of an elementwill assume that the changes are to be applied to the current element unless youspecify otherwise, so you must understand this concept and always be aware of yourcurrent position in the database hierarchy. The Design Explorerdisplays thisinformation continuously.



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The vertical link between two elements on adjacent levels of the database hierarchyis defined as an owner-memberrelationship. The element on the upper level is theownerof those elements directly linked below it. The lower level elements aremembersof their owning element. Each element can have many members, but it canhave only one owner.

You can navigate from any element to any other, thereby changing the currentelement, by following the owner-member links up and down the hierarchy.

4.2. Creating some administrative elements

You are now ready to create some administrative elements at the top of the PDMSDesign database hierarchy, as explained above.

Exercise continues: 10. Make sure that you are at World level in the Design Explorer, then select

Create>Site. On the displayed Create Site form, type PIPESITE in the Name text

box, and press the Enterkey to confirm the name.

The system automatically adds a / prefix to this name so that it conforms to

the internal PDMS file naming conventions: /PIPESITE.

11. Click OK to create the Site element. Your first new element appears in theDesign Exploreras the current element.

12. You will now create two Zones named PIPEZONE (to hold piping data) and

EQUIZONE (to hold equipment data). Both are to be owned by PIPESITE.

13. Now choose Create>Zone. On the displayed Create Zone form, enter PIPEZONE.

14. Click OK to create the Zone element. Again, the new element appears in theDesign Exploreras the current element, and you can see that that it is owned by

PIPESITE.

15. To create another Zone owned by PIPESITE (and not PIPEZONE), click on

PIPESITE in the Design Explorerto make it the current element. Now create a

second Zone, EQUIZONE, in the same way as before.

Your top part of the Design Explorerwill now look like this:



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Note If you or other users have accessed this database before, the listmay also contain other elements.

In the next chapter you will create some standard equipment items, to give somereference points between which you can subsequently route your sample piping

sequences.



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5. Creating Some Equipment Items

In this chapter you will:

Learn how equipment items are represented in PDMS.

Create some simple equipment items, to predefined designs. These will formthe basis for routing your piping network.

5.1. How Equipment Items are Represented

5.1.1. The Basic Principles

Each equipment item is defined geometrically in PDMS as a collection of basic 3Dshapes. These shapes are known asprimitives. The primitives used for pipingconnections to equipment items are nozzles(which are standard components whichyou select from the PDMS catalogues). So, for example, a simple storage vesselmight be built up from the following primitives:

a cylinder for the main body

two dishes for the ends

two boxes for the support legs

a nozzle for the piping connection:


Primitives: Dishx2

Cylinderx1

Boxx2

Nozzlex1

Thepositionof the equipment item as a whole, and the relative positions of its

component primitives are specified in terms of its origin.

The orientationof the equipment item is specified by aligning the X,Y,Z axes of itsprimitives within the E,N,U (East, North, Up) coordinate system of the design model(more accurately, the E,N,U coordinate system of the item owning Zone).

EquipmentOrigin

Z

X

Y


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Creating Some Equipment Items

You will look in more detail at the principles of positioning and orientating itemswithin the PDMS design model when you start to create piping components.

5.1.2. Using Predefined Templates for Standard Equipment

You do not have to build up each item of equipment from its component primitivesbecause PDMS has range of predefined equipment types from which you can choose.These standard equipment types, some of which will have been supplied with theoriginal application and some of which may have been added by your company, arestored as parameterisedDesign Templates(TMPL). The master copies of these designtemplates are stored in a special part of the design database.

When you select a design template for inclusion in your design:

a copy of the design template is created below the parent equipment element

all primitives defining the template geometry are stored below the templatecopy

any variable dimensions and so on, needed to fully specify the equipment inthe design are stored as Design Data (DDAT) elements below a DesignDataset (DDSE) owned by the template.

All the above are jointly referred to as the design elementproperties.

To enable a template designer to reuse standard configurations of primitives withinan equipment design, the Equipment element is sometimes subdivided intoSubequipment(SUBE) elements. In such situations an extended hierarchy is formed.An example of an extended hierarchy is as follows:

WORLD (/*)

SITE

ZONE

EQUIPMENT

DESIGN TEMPLATESUBEQUIPMENT Design primitives and nozzles

Design primitives and nozzlesParameterised dimensions in datasetDESIGN TEMPLATEDesign primitives and nozzles

Design primitives and nozzlesParameterised dimensions in dataset

Note For the purposes of the current exercise, you do not need to fullyunderstand the implications of this alternative method of storingdesign data. The concepts have been introduced to enable you torecognise some of the new elements that will be added into yourDesign Exploreras you progress through the steps of the exercise



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5.2. Creating a Storage Tank to a Standard Design

In this section you will create a storage tank using one of the standard designssupplied with PDMS.

Exercise continues: 16. To start the Equipment application, select Design>Equipment from the Design

General Application menu bar.

When loading is complete, the main menu bar and the tool bar (which now has

a second row) show some extra options which give you access to the whole

range of functions needed to create and position equipment items:

17. Make sure that EQUIZONE (the zone you created for storing equipment items)is your current element.

18. Display the Create Standard Equipment form in one of the following ways:

Select Create>Standard from the menu bar

Click on the on the toolbar.

19. In the Name text box of the Create Standard Equipment form enter Tank-1.



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The Specification Data area of the form enables you to narrow down your choice

of standard equipment by a progressive question-and-answer sequence. At

each stage of the search, you select from the options in the lower list (whose

title changes to reflect its content) and the progress of the search is

summarised in the Current Selection list.

20. From the Specification drop-down list, select CADC Advanced Equip.

21. From the CADCENTRE Advanced list, select Vessels.

This selection is copied to the Current Selection list, while the lower list now

shows three Vessel Type options.

22. Select Vertical Vessels.

23. Select Storage Vessel with Dished Top & Bottom.

24. Select VESS 001 - Dished Top & Bottom.

The lower list title now says Selection complete and the list itself is now

empty. The Current Selection list shows the fully-specified equipment:

25. At this stage, the equipment has the default dimensions defined by thetemplate designer. To specify your own dimensions, click the Properties

button to display a Modify Properties form listing all parameterised dimensions

assigned to the equipment definition.



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26. Enter the following details:

Height: 3000

Diameter: 2800

Dish Height: 300

Knuckle Radius: 100

Support type: NONE

The dimensioned plot view in the lower part of the Modify Properties form

shows the significance of the dimensions.

Note If you cannot see the plot view, select Settings>Properties fromthe main menu bar and, in the resultant Properties Settingsform, select Display Plotfile. Click OK and then redisplay theModify Properties form to show the plot view. Alternatively,click the Plotfile button on the Create Standard Equipment form

or Modify Properties form to display the plot in a separatewindow at any time.



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If you wish to zoom in so that you can read the text on the plot view, position

the pointer in the plot area, hold down the middle mouse button, drag out a

rectangle enclosing the region of interest, and release the button. To zoom out,

position the pointer over the centre of interest of the plot and click the middle

mouse button.

27. Click OK on the Modify Properties form.

28. Click Apply on the Create Standard Equipment form.

The Positioning Control form now appears automatically:

This is because you must specify the position of equipment before it can be

added into the database.In a normal design situation, you would position the equipment relative to part

of an existing plant structure. At the moment your view is empty, so you

cannot pick any existing reference point. You must therefore give an explicit

position.

29. Click the button on the Positioning Control form.

30. On the Explicit Position form that appears, enter the coordinates:

31. Click Apply.

The tank is added into the 3D View, but the current view settings mean that

you cannot see it in clear detail. You will rectify this a little later.

The Design Explorernow shows an Equipment (EQUI) element, which owns a

Design Template (TMPL), which in turn owns some primitives and property-

defining elements representing the equipment geometry.

32. Dismiss the Explicit Position form.

33. Dismiss the Create Standard Equipment form.

5.3. Adding a Nozzle to the Storage Tank

The standard vessel design does not incorporate any nozzles. In this section, you willadd a nozzle that you will later use to connect your pipework to the storage tank.



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Exercise continues: 34. Ensure you have EQUI Tank-1 selected in the Design Exploreras the current

element. Select Create>Primitives, and click Apply to accept the default details

in the resultant form:

35. On the Create Nozzle form displayed, enter the following details in the text

boxes:

Name: Tank-1-N1

Position: West 1675

North 0

Up 250

Orientate P1 is: W (Sets the direction of the nozzle flanged face).

Height: 300 (The height of a nozzle is the length of itsconnecting tube).

36. Click the Nozzle Type button. Define the nozzle type by entering the followingdetails in the displayed Nozzle Specification form:

Specification #300.R.F

Generic Type Ansi_flanged

Nominal Bore 150

37. Click Apply, and then Dismiss.

You will see in more detail how catalogues are used when you start to selectpiping components.



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38. The settings on the Create Nozzle form now look like this:

Click Apply and then, if you have not already done so, Dismiss any remaining formsinvolved in creating the nozzle.

5.4. Viewing the Design

In order to see what your design looks like as you build it up, and to enable you toidentify design items by simply pointing to them rather than by navigating to themin the Design Explorer, you will now display your current design in a 3D View window,and learn how to manipulate this display.

5.4.1. Defining what Appears in the View

In this section you will identify your equipment zone as the contents of the graphicaldisplay, and view isometrically.



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Exercise continues: 39. The Design Explorerwill now look like this:

40. You can see the list of elements that will appear in the View by looking at theDraw List. To view the Draw List, select the option Display>Draw List from the

main menu bar. You should get something like this:

41. To remove the elements currently in the Draw List, right-click each one in turnand select Remove from the shortcut menu. To set the Draw List so that you can

see each equipment item as you create it, you need to select your equipment

Zone. Do this by clicking on EQUIZONE in the Design Explorer.

42. Now click on EQUIZONE and select 3D View>Add from the shortcut menu.



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43. Now, in the 3D View tool bar, click on the Limits CE button, . This adjusts thescale of the view automatically such that it corresponds to a volume just large

enough to hold the chosen element(s); in this case, the Zone.

44. To set an isometric view direction, position the pointer in the 3D View window

and select Isometric>Iso 3 from the shortcut menu.

45. Display horizontal and vertical border sliders by selectingView>Settings>Borders or press Function Key F9.

46. Experiment with the shortcut menu options Look, Plan, and Isometric, to seedifferent view directions, and then revert to Isometric>Iso 3.

5.4.2. Manipulating the Displayed View

You can manipulate the displayed model view in a number of ways. The three viewmanipulation modes are:

Rotate the view

Pan the view across the display area

Zoom in or out to magnify or reduce the view.

The current manipulation mode is shown in the status line at the bottom of the 3DView window, and is currently set to Rotate, as shown in the previous illustration.



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To change the view manipulation mode, use the 3D View tool bar buttons, or thefunction keys, as follows:

or F2 selects ZOOM mode

or F3 selects PAN mode

or F5selects ROTATE mode.

You can also choose these view manipulation options, from the shortcut menu withthe mouse pointer within the graphical view.

Exercise continues: 47. Select , (note that this is the default state).

48. Position the pointer in the view area and hold down the middle mouse button,then move the mouse slowly from side to side while watching the effect on the

displayed model.

The initial direction of movement determines how the view appears to rotate;

starting with a left or right movement causes the observers eye-point to move

across the view.

49. Now release the mouse button, hold it down again and move the mouse awayfrom you and towards you; this time the observers eye-point appears to rotate

up and down around the model.

50. Repeat the rotation operations while holding down the Ctrl key. Note that theword Fast appears in the status line and that the rate of rotation is increased.

51. Repeat the rotation operations, but this time hold down the Shift key. Note thatthe word Slow appears in the status line and that the rate of rotation is

decreased.

For an alternative way of rotating the model, try dragging the horizontal and

vertical sliders to new positions along the view borders. You can rotate the

model in this way at any time, regardless of the current manipulation mode.

52. Select .

53. Position the pointer in the view area and hold down the middle mouse button,then move the mouse slowly in all directions.

Note that it is the observers eye-point which follows the mouse movement

(while the viewing direction remains unchanged), so that the displayed model

appears to move in the opposite direction to the mouse; in effect, you move the

mouse towards that part of the view which you want to see.

54. Repeat the pan operations while holding down first the Ctrl key (to increase the

panning speed) and then the key (to decrease the panning speed).

55. Select .



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56. Position the pointer in the view area and hold down the middle mouse button,then move the mouse slowly up and down.

Moving the mouse away from you (up) zooms in, effectively magnifying the

view; moving the mouse towards you (down) zooms out, effectively reducing the

view. Note that these operations work by changing the viewing angle (like

changing the focal length of a camera lens); they do not change the observerseye-point or the view direction.

57. Repeat the zoom operations while holding down first the Ctrl key and then the

key.

58. Position the pointer at the top of the tank and click (do not hold down) themiddle mouse button. Notice how the view changes so that the picked point is

now at the centre of the view. Whenever you click the middle button, whatever

the current manipulation mode, you reset the centre of interest. Set the centre

of interest to the face of the nozzle, then zoom in for a close-up view. You will

find this a very useful technique when making small adjustments to thedesign.

59. To restore the original view when you have finished, make sure that your

current element is EQUIZONE and click on the Limits CE button, and

reselect Isometric>Iso 3 from the shortcut menu.

5.5. Creating Some More Equipment Items

You need to have several equipment items between which to route pipingcomponents, so, in this section, you will now create a different design of verticalstorage vessel and a pump, using similar procedures to those you used to create thefirst vessel.

Exercise continues:

5.5.1. Creating a vertical vessel

60. Navigate to EQUIZONE and click , or select Create>Standard.

61. In the Name text box of the Create Standard Equipment form enter Tank-2.

62. From the Specification drop-down list, select CADC Advanced Equip.

63. From the CADCENTRE Advanced list, select Vessels.

This selection is copied to the Current Selection list, while the lower list now

shows three Vessel Type options.

64. Select VerticalVessels.

65. Select StorageHoppers

66. Select VESS 002 - Dished Top and Coned Bottom.



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This design includes provision for one nozzle at the bottom of the conical base.

67. Click the Properties button, and enter the following details:

Height: 2500

Diameter: 1500

Dish Height: 250

Radius: 75

Height: 750

Nozzle Height: 250

Nozzle Type: #300.R.F. 150mm NS

Support type: NONE

68. Click OK on the Modify Properties form.

69. Click Apply on the Create Standard Equipment form.

70. Click the button on the Positioning Control form, and enter the coordinates:

East 2600

North 7000

Up 2600

71. Click Apply, and observe the relative positions and orientations of the twovessels in the graphical view. EQUIZONE is now larger than when you last set

the viewing scale, so navigate to /EQUIZONE and click to reset the limits.

72. Dismiss the Create Standard Equipment form.

73. Dismiss the Explicit Position form.

5.5.2. Naming the Nozzle in the Base of the New Vessel.

74. Navigate to the nozzle on /Tank-2 using the Design Explorer:



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75. Select Modify>Name name the nozzle Tank-2-N1, Apply, and Dismiss.

76. Navigate back to Tank-2 and add a second nozzle using the same sequence asin steps 34 to 38, and give it the following description:

Name: Tank-2-N2

Position: East 1000

North 0

Up 2000

Orientate P1 is: E (Sets the direction of the nozzle flanged face).

Height: 250 (The height of a nozzle is the length of itsconnecting tube).

Specification #300.R.F

Nozzle Type ANSI-flanged

Nominal Bore 100

Note: This nozzle has a smaller bore than the other nozzles. You

may need to rotate the view to see all of the nozzlessimultaneously.

5.5.3. Creating a Standard Design Pump

77. Click on , and give the pump the following definition:



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Name: /Pump-1

Specification: CADC Advanced Equip CADCENTRE Advanced

Pumps, PumpType

Centrifugal Pumps

Specific Type: Centreline Mounted Centrifugal Pumps

Selection: PUMP 005 - Pump Centreline Mounted TangentialOutlet.

Set the properties as follows:

Baseplate Length 1600

Baseplate Width: 510

Distance Origin to Baseplate 175

Distance to Suction Nozzle: 240

Distance Bottom to Centreline 340

Discharge Nozzle Height 180

Suction Nozzle to Coupling 700

Distance Discharge Nozzle 135

Suction Nozzle Type #300.R.F. 150mm NS

Discharge Nozzle Type #300.R.F. 150mm NS.

78. Create the pump and position it at:

East 4700

North 5000

Up 350

5.5.4. Changing the Orientation of an Equipment Item

The orientation of the pump is as defined by the template default settings.

79. Click on the button on the main tool bar to display the Define Axes form. Onthis form, select Cardinal Directions:



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An E,N,U axes symbol is displayed at the origin of the current element. The

horizontal suction nozzle points north.

80. To change the orientation of the pump so that it points West, click on the Model

Editorbutton on the main toolbar.

81. Using the left-hand mouse button, click on the pump to display the draghandles.

Rotation Handle

82. With the pointer over the horizontal rotation handle (see above), press andhold down the left-hand mouse button and move the pointer (which changes

shape) in an anticlockwise direction until the following pump orientation is

achieved:



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83. The pump now points West. Click anywhere in the graphics area to removethe drag handles.. See the online help for a full explanation of all the element

position manipulation facilities available in Model Editor mode.

84. Other methods of changing orientation are explained below. (Move the pump

back its original orientation first by clicking on the Undo button ( ) on the

main toolbar. Click again to leave Model Editor mode. )

85. To change the orientation of the pump so that it points West, either click on

the button, or select Orientate>Rotate. The Rotate form enables you to rotate

the equipment through a specified angle about a defined axis. The default axis

is up, through the origin, and is correct, so just set Angle to 90:



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86. Click Apply, and then Dismiss the Rotate form, and select Close>Retain axes onthe Define Axes form. This leaves the axes symbol in the 3D View: you will find

this useful for reference in the rest of the exercise.

5.5.5. Tidying Up Afterwards

87. Navigate to each pump nozzle in turn and rename:

the horizontal nozzle: /Pump-1-SUCTION

the vertical nozzle: /Pump-1-DISCHARGE.

88. Check the layout of the three equipment items in the graphical view:

5.6. Saving Your Changes and Leaving Your Design Session

It is good practice regularly to save changes to your design as you build it up. Thisavoids the need to start all over again in the event of loss of work due to anunforeseen interruption, such as a power failure.

Exercise continues:

89. Update the database to store changes to the design model so far by clicking on

, or selecting Design>Save Work, and clickYes.



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90. You should also save your current screen layout and display settings, so thatnext time you use the application you can easily pick up your design as it

stands. Do this by selecting Display>Save>Forms & Display.

91. You can now leave PDMS and return to the operating system. Do this byselecting Design>Exit.

Ordinarily, if you had made any changes since your last Save Work operation,

an alert form would ask whether you want to save those changes; this time,

you are just asked to confirm that you want to leave PDMS.

92. Click OK.

In the next chapter, you will add to the design model by creating some pipingcomponents.



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6. Routing a Sequence of Piping Components

In this chapter you will:

learn how some of the items which make up the design are represented andaccessed in the PDMS databases;

route some pipes between the three items of equipment which currently makeup your design model;

position a selection of piping components within the pipe runs.

6.1. Design-to-Catalogue Cross-Referencing

To ensure design consistency and conformity with predefined standards, the basicdefinitions of all items that you can use in the pipework design are held in aCatalogue database. This holds definitions of:

all available configurations and materials for each type of piping component

all types of nozzle for connecting pipe fittings to equipment items.

When you add an item to your design model, you store the position, orientation etc.for the item in the PDMS Design database, but you specify the physical properties ofthe item by setting up a cross-reference (Specification Reference or SpecRef) which

points to an appropriate entry in the Catalogue database.

The dimensions of each item are defined in the catalogue by parameters whosevalues are set only at the design stage, so that a single catalogue entry can representa whole family of design components which differ only in their dimensions.

You have already used this concept when creating the equipment nozzles in theprevious chapter. In each case, you:

selected the required type of nozzle by setting its catalogue specification,(ANSI flanged, with raised face, suitable for 300 pound working pressure,with 150 mm nominal bore, for example

specified the length of the nozzle tube (defined in the catalogue as aparameterised dimension) by setting its Height attribute.

6.2. How Piping Networks are Represented

Piping networks are represented by the following:

pipes and branches

piping components.

Each of these is explained in turn below.



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Routing a Sequence of Piping Components

6.2.1. Pipes and Branches

You have already learnt that the principal administrative elements of a Zone arePipes and their subordinate Branches. Each Pipe can represent any portion of theoverall piping network, while each Branch represents a single section of a Pipe

which runs between two, and only two, points (the Branch Head and the BranchTail).

The individual piping components (defined in terms of their catalogue specifications)are stored as Branch members. So, a Pipe that incorporates a Tee, for example, mustown at least two Branches to achieve the necessary three connection points.

The following configurations show two ways of achieving this (solid lines representpart of Branch 1; dotted lines represent part of Branch 2):

Branch 2Head

Branch 2Head

To Branch 2Tail

FromBranch 1Head

To Branch 2Tail

FromBranch 1

To Branch 1Tail

Head

Tee ownedby Branch 1

Tee ownedby Branch 1

To Branch 1Tail



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6.2.2. Piping Components

Each piping component is represented in the PDMS catalogue by three types of data:

The physical shape of the component is defined by a set of geometric

primitives(like the ones used to represent equipment items introduced in theprevious chapter).

So that the component can be manipulated and linked to adjacent pipingitems, all principal points needed to define its position, orientation andconnectivity are identified by uniquely-numbered tags. These tags, which haveboth position and direction, are calledp-points. Each p-point is identified by anumber of the format P0, P1, P2 etc., while the principal inlet and outletpoints for the logical flow direction through the component are identified asp-arriveandp-leave. P0 always represents the component origin position, whilein normal pipe routing mode (Forwardsmode) P1 is the same as p-arriveandP2 is the same asp-leave.

The settings of all variables needed to distinguish a component from otherswith the same geometry and p-point sets are defined by parameters. Thevalues of these are defined to suit the specific design requirements.

For example, a Tee component might be represented in the PDMS catalogue asfollows:

P1 P1 P1

P1

(usually also p-arrive) (usually also p-leave)

where the two cylinder primitives form the component geometry set and the four p-points form its point set (the fourth p-point, P3, lets you specify the orientation ofthe side arm when you incorporate the tee into your design). The dimensions of thetee are represented in the catalogue by parameters whose values are determined bythe nominal bore required to suit the design.

6.3. Restoring your PDMS Session and Starting the PipeworkApplication

You can now go back into PDMS Design.

Exercise continues: Note It is assumed from now on that you know how to use the OK, Apply,

Cancel and Dismiss buttons on forms, so they will not always be

mentioned in the rest of the exercise.



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93. Restart PDMS and enter the Design module as you did at the start of theexercise, but this time set the Load form option on the PDMS Login form to

Users Binary.

When loading is complete, your screen should look the same as it did when you

saved the layout in the previous chapter.

If you intend to continue your design when you finish a PDMS Design session,

it is always advisable to use the Display>Save>Forms & Display option (as you

did previously) so that you can reload the binary files in this way. The

alternative is to reload the applications from their source macros, but this

takes more time.

You can revert to the most recently saved layout at any time by selecting

Display>Restore>Forms & Display.

94. Change from the Equipment application to the Pipework application, byselecting Design>Pipework.

The menu bar for the Equipment application is replaced by that for thePipework application. The menu bars for both applications are superficially

similar, but the latter gives you access to options with specific relevance to

creating and manipulating piping components.

The Default Specifications form, which is shown automatically, is described in

the next section.

6.4. Setting a Default Specification

When you select components from the piping catalogue as described earlier in thischapter, you do so by stating which Specification the components must match.To avoid having to specify this data again for each component, you can set a DefaultSpecification at Pipe or Branch level. This will be used automatically at lower levelsunless you override it (the default specification is said to be cascaded down thehierarchy).

As an example, the specifications which form part of the sample project within whichyou are working include:

A1A: ANSI Class 150 Carbon Steel A3B: ANSI Class 300 Carbon Steel

F1C: ANSI Class 150 Stainless Steel

For the purposes of your design exercise, you will use the A3B specification to selectall components.

Exercise continues:

95. On the Default Specifications form, select the Piping specification A3B.



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96. The project specifications include some choices for pipework Insulation, but notrace heating specifications (as shown by the None Available entry on the Tracing

option button). You do not want to use insulation or trace heating, so make

sure that both of are unselected, as shown above.

When you click OK, the current default specification is shown in the second row

of the tool bar:

6.5. Creating a Simple Pipework Sequence

In the next part of the exercise you will create a sequence of piping componentsconnected between the nozzles /Tank-1-N1 and /Pump-1-SUCTION. The initialsequence will include a tee to which you will later connect another pipeworksequence.



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The configuration which you will create (with all components in a horizontal plane)is as follows:

Nozzle/Tank-1-N1

Nozzle/Pump-1-SUCTION

Gasket 1

Flange 1

Elbow 1

Flange 2Flange 3

Tee

Gasket 2

Gasket 4

Gasket 3

Valve 1(with

wheel)

Flange 4

(Pump)

(Tank)

flowflow

L

N

E

S

W

FromsecondBranch

You will represent both this and the next sequence by a single Pipe element in thedesign database, but you must subdivide this into two Branch elements to allow theflows into the pump to combine at the tee. You will define the branches as follows:

Branch 1 will have its Head at nozzle /Tank1-1-N1 and its Tail at nozzle/Pump-1-SUCTION. It will consist of the following components, listed in head-to-tail order:

Gasket 1

Flange 1 Elbow 1

Flange 2

Gasket 2

Valve 1 (which includes flanges in its catalogue definition)

Gasket 3

Flange 3

Tee 1

Flange 4

Gasket 4.

Note that the flow through the tee will enter at P1 and leave at P3 (that is, p-arrive will be P1 and p-leave will be P3).

Branch 2, which you will create in a later part of the exercise, will have itsHead positioned at Nozzle /Tank-2/N1 and its Tail at the third arm of thetee (P2), (remember that flow direction is always from head to tail).

Note: The tubing running between the piping items (shown bythe dotted lines in the diagram), is added and adjusted

automatically by PDMS to suit the positions andspecifications of the components. You do not have to



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create it explicitly; it is referred to as implied tube.

Refer back to the sequence in the diagram when necessary to understand the logic ofthe following steps for creating this in the design model.

Exercise continues: 97. Navigate to /PIPEZONE in the Design Explorerand click the pipe creation icon

in the Pipework toolbar:

98. The following form will appear:



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You can use this form to characterise the pipe you want to add to your design.

For now, name the pipe Pipe-1, set the Bore to 150, and the Insulation to K.

99. Click on Apply to create the pipe.

100.PDMS will now present you with a form that allows you to access and modify

the branchs Head and Tail information.

Note how the new branch is named automatically from its owning pipe as

Pipe-1/B1. Note also that the branchs Head and Tail connections are

undefined. To define them you click on the respective Change button and make

the appropriate choices.



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When you select the nozzle, the form changes to reflect your choice:

103.To confirm your selection and connect the head of the branch to the nozzle,click the Connect button.



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The main Create Pipe form will once more be displayed, but now the Head

detail has been filled in:

104.Now click the Change button in the Tail Connection part of the form:

PDMS will present you with a form virtually identical to the one you used to

select the branchs head:



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105.Click the Pick button and use your mouse pointer to select /Pump-1-SUCTION(the horizontal nozzle on the pump)

106.Click the Connect button to confirm your selection.

Notice how the route of the branch is shown in the graphical view by a broken

line. As you have not yet introduced any components, this runs directly from

the head to the tail.

You will now build up the component sequence by creating individual piping

items.

107.First, Dismiss the form by clicking the cross, , in the top right-hand cornerof the form.

6.5.1. Modifying Pipe Sequences

If you want to modify a pipe component once youve created it, you can select thepipe in the graphical view or the Design Explorer, and click the Pipe Modification iconon the Pipework toolbar:

The exact appearance of the form PDMS displays depends on what youve selected. Ifyouve selected an entire pipe youll get a form that allows you to modify the pipe as



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a whole; if youve selected a branch, then youll also get the options that allow you tomodify the branch.

If you click the icon and you havent selected a valid pipe component, you get anerror that looks like this:

Exercise continues:

108.Make the Branch you created in Step 100 the current element by clicking onPipe-1/B1 in the Design Explorer.

109.Click the pipe component creation icon on the Pipework toolbar:



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110.PDMS will display the Component Creation form:

The Components Creation form allows you create a component or group of

components that is connected or positioned along the route of a pipe. The

system will try to create a set of predetermined adjacent component types

when creating certain other components.

For example, if you create a valve, the system will attempt to create the

adjacent gaskets and flanges. This greatly simplifies the task of creating pipe

routes, as the system will try to remove the burden of creating the secondary

components from you, leaving you free to concentrate on the major ones.



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111.Select Flange from the list. You will get the form below in response:

112.Select type WN from the drop-down Filter By list. Ensure that the With Flow iconis selected, and both the Auto. Create Adjacent and Skip Connected Comps

checkboxes are both checked.



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PDMS displays the Component Selection form:

Using this form you can change the selected components specification, and in

some circumstances the components type. You can also view any errors causedby doing so. If you check the checkbox in the top-right of the form, the form will

track the specification of the CE.

Experiment with this form and see what effect it has on your design. When

youve done, restore the original settings and Dismiss the form using the cross

in the top right-hand corner.



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115.The next step is to add an Elbow to the pipe route. Click on the Choose buttonand select the Elbow option from the list.



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116.Select type E from the drop-down Filter By list. Ensure that the With Flow icon isselected, and both the Auto. Create Adjacent and Skip Connected Comps

checkboxes are both checked:

117.Click the Connect button. PDMS will add the elbow to the flange thus:



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Youll notice that the elbow is both pointing the wrong way and positioned

flush against the flange:

Nozzle/Tank-1-N1

Nozzle/Pump-1-SUCTION

Gasket 1

Flange 1

(Pump)

(Tank)

N S

W

Elbow 1

E

While the auto-connect function positions and orientates the elbow so that its

p-arrive points towards the preceding flange, the application has no way of

knowing which way the p-leave of the elbow is to be directed, so it assumes the

default direction as set in the catalogue.

To change this we can use Component Modification in the Model Editor.

118.Click the Model Editoricon in the main toolbar:

119.Select the Elbow in the graphical view using the mouse pointer. Immediatelyyou select it, the Elbow will be encircled by the Component Modification

Handles, shown below in magenta.



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These handles allow you to rotate and move the selected component or

components. As you move the mouse pointer over the handles, they change to

indicate what actions you can perform on them. In addition, if you click on the

right mouse-button, you can choose a number of context-dependent options

from the pop-up menu.

120.Rotate the view and zoom in on the Elbow until you are looking directly intothe Nozzle Tank-1-N1. Hover the mouse pointer over any part of the arc and

two arrows will appear and the mouse pointer change to an arrowed-semicircle,

indicating that you can click the left mouse-button, drag the handle and rotate

the Elbow:

Experiment for a few moments seeing how the Elbow rotates in response to

your mouse movements.

121.

When youre done experimenting, rotate the Elbow fully 180 degrees so it is

pointing the other way. The angle youve turned the Elbow through i

pipework design using pdms

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