Cannot be broken down as combination of units Examples: length [inches] mass [kilograms]

Fundamental Quantities

A combination of Fundamental/Base QuantitiesExamples: speed = distance/time [meters/second]acceleration = distance/time/time [meters/second/second]

Derived Quantities

SI Base UnitsUnit Name Unit Symbol Quantity Name

meter m lengthkilogram kg masssecond s timeampere A electric currentkelvin K thermodynami

c temperaturemole mol amount of

substancecandela cd luminous

intensity

Unit Prefixes Prefix Symbol 10n

exa E 1018

peta P 1015

tera T 1012

giga G 109

mega M 106

kilo k 103

hecto H 102

deca da 101

deci d 10-1

centi c 10-2

mili m 10-3

micro µ 10-6

nano n 10-9

pico p 10-12

femto f 10-15

atto a 10-18

Examples

Straight Line MotionAverage Velocity

Average Acceleration

Examples

Motion with Constant Acceleration

Examples

Newton’s Laws

Newton’s 1st Law Law of InertiaWhen the vector sum of all forces acting on a body (the net force) is zero, the body is in equilibrium and has zero acceleration

Examples

Newton’s 2nd Law Law of AccelerationWhen the vector sum of all forces acting on a body (the net force) is zero, the body is in equilibrium and has zero acceleration

Examples

Newton’s 3nd Law Law of Action and ReactionWhen the vector sum of all forces acting on a body (the net force) is zero, the body is in equilibrium and has zero acceleration

Examples

Work and Energy

Work done by a force

Where is the angle between and

Kinetic Energy

Gravitational Potential Energy

Elastic Potential

Energy

Work Energy Theorem

Work done by gravity

Work done by a spring

Power

Waves

WaveAny disturbance from an equilibrium condition that propagates from one region to another.

Mechanical WavesA mechanical wave always travels within some material called the medium

Types of Mechanical Waves

• Transverse Waves - displacements of the medium are perpendicular or transverse to the direction of travel of the wave along the medium.

• Longitudinal Waves - the motions of the particles of the medium are back and forth along the same direction that the wave travels.

Characteristics of a Wave

Amplitude - The characteristic height of a peak and depth of a trough

Characteristics of a Wave

Wavelength (λ)- The distance between any two adjacent points which are in phase

Characteristics of a Wave

Period (T) - the time it takes for any two adjacent points which are in phase to pass a fixed point

Frequency (ƒ)- how many waves go by in 1 second

Characteristics of a Wave

Speed – the speed of propagation of a wave

Electric charge and Electric Field

Coulomb’s Law

Electric Field

Direct-current Circuits

CircuitsSeries circuitsa circuit in which resistors are arranged in a chain, so the current has only one path to take.

Parallel circuitsA parallel circuit is a circuit in which the resistors are arranged with their heads connected together, and their tails connected together.

CircuitsResistors in Series

Resistors in Parallel

Kirchhoff’s rulesJunction Rule - the algebraic sum of

the currents into any junction must be zero

Loop Rule - the algebraic sum of potential differences around any loop must be zero