Physical Properties Notes

(6.6) The student knows matter has physical properties that can be used for classification.

• Compare metals, nonmetals, and metalloids using physical properties such as luster, conductivity, or malleability

Physical Properties

• Appearance – Color, size, shape, texture

• Buoyancy – Tendency to float

• Boiling Point – Temp where it changes from liquid to gas

• Conductivity – Ability to conduct heat, sound or electricity

• Density –Amount of matter in a given volume D=m/v

• Ductility – Ability of a substance to be pulled into a thin strand, such as wire.

• Hardness – Ability to resist being scratched

• Luster- How it reflects light• Magnetism – Ability to attract iron• Malleability – Ability to be pressed or

pounded into thin sheets• Mass – Amount of matter in an object• Melting point – Temp where a substance

changes from a solid to a liquid.

• Odor

• Solubility – Ability of a substance to dissolve

• State of Matter – Solid, liquid or gas

• Temperature – Amount of energy in matter

• Volume – Amount of space an object takes up.

Metals, Nonmetals, & Metalloids

• Elements are classified as metals, nonmetals, and metalloids based on their properties.

• Metal – element that is shiny, ductile, malleable and a good conductor

• Nonmetal- element that is not shiny, ductile, malleable and is not a good conductor

• Metalloid – an element that has properties of both metals and non metals.

• Zig zag line (stair step) on periodic table separates the metals and nonmetals

• 6 elements that border the zig zag are metalloids

http://www.cwu.edu/~cots/images/periodic_table.jpg

Metals Non metals Metalloids

Shiny Mostly dull Varying ability to conduct electricity

Malleable (can be flattened into sheets)

Brittle, not malleable or ductile

Can be used to make semiconductors – conduct electricity only under certain conditions.

Ductile (can be shaped into wires)

Poor conductors of heat & electricity

Good conductors of heat & electricity

Many are gases at room temp.

Most are solid at room temp.