Physical PropertiesPhysical Properties

Science 5

Only God can create or destroy matter.Only God can create or destroy matter.

• John 1:3–“All things were made by Him; and

without Him was not any thing made that was made.”

God gave matter characteristicsGod gave matter characteristics

• PHYSICAL PROPERTIES– Characteristics of a substance that can be

observed without changing the identity of the substance.

• Examples:– Color– Smell– Texture

States of Matter States of Matter

• One physical property of matter

• All matter is composed of tiny particles that are always in motion.– Attract each other– The strength and motion = state of matter

SolidSolid

• A substance that as a definite volume and shape.

• The particles in it vibrate, but do not move much.

• It has strong attraction in its particles keeping their shape.

LiquidLiquid

• A substance that has a definite volume but not a definite shape.

• It takes the shape of its container.• The particles move more than the particles in

solids do.• Attraction in its particles is still strong enough

to keep it from spreading apart.

GasGas

• A substance that does not have a definite shape or a definite volume.

• It takes the shape of its container.• It can expand to fill the volume of the

container.• Can be compressed, particles are very active.• The attraction is weak.

PlasmaPlasma• Fourth state of matter• Occurs only at very high temperature.• Found on the sun, lightning bolt• Man-made plasma causes fluorescent light to

shine.

Changing States of Matter Changing States of Matter • PHYSICAL CHANGE

– Change in matter that does not form a new substance.

– Change from one state to another.

MELTINGMELTING• Process of a solid changing into liquid.

FREEZINGFREEZING

• Process of a liquid changing to a solid.• Can be described as SOLIDIFYING.

• FREEZING POINT– The temperature at which a substance changes to

a solid.

Melting point and freezing point of a substance are the same temperature.

VAPORIZATIONVAPORIZATION

• The process of a liquid changing into a gas.• BOILING – when bubbles of gas rise and break

away from the liquid’s surface.

• BOILING POINT– The temperature at which liquid changes into gas.

Substances have different boiling points.Ex.

Boiling point of water is 100°C.

• EVAPORATION – another form of vaporization.– A substance evaporates when it changes from

liquid to gas below its boiling point.

CONDENSATIONCONDENSATION• The process of changing a gas to a liquid.

• CONDENSATION POINT – the temperature at which a gas turns to a liquid.