PHOTO JOURNAL

PHOTO JOURNAL

Bunna RoeumProfessor Schmidt

FIELD TRIP ONE CINDER HILL/ FOSSIL

FALLS/MORMON ROCKS3/10/12

MORMON ROCKS

Bunna Roeum The Mormon Rocks are a series of cemented sandstone beds much more resistant to erosion than the surrounding gravel and silt sands. The Mormon rocks lies right over the fault that divides the Pacific and North American plate and formed the rocks.In 1851, a group of Mormon settlers led by Amasa M. Lyman and Charles C Rich traveled through the Cajon Pass in covered wagon on their way from Salt Lake City to Southern California. A prominent rock formation in the pass, where the Mormon trail and the railway merge.

GRANULAR STRUCTUREBunna Roeum

The Granular Structure The Mormon Rocks are made up of underlying sedimentary rocks that have been pushed through the eroded soil from the San Gabriel Mountains.

SAN ANDREAS RIFT ZONE AND STREAM BED

Bunna Roeum The San Andreas Rift zone is a continental transform fault that runs a length of roughly 810 miles (1,300 km) through California in the United States. The fault's motion is right lateral strike slip (horizontal motion). It forms the tectonic boundary between the Pacific plate and the North American plate. The San Andreas rift zone It is located along the dirt /walkway you see in the picture to the left.

CINDER HILLBunna Roeum

Red Hill,or Cinder Hill is a basaltic cinder cone type of Volcano located in the Coso Volcanic field near Fossil Falls State Park

LAVA FLOWLava flows are streams of molten rock that pour or ooze from an erupting vent. Lava is erupted during either nonexplosive activity or explosive lava fountains. Lava flows destroy everything in their path, but most move slowly enough that people can move out of the way.

STREAM BED

• During the last ice age the glaciers had fomred in the Sierra Nevade. The meltwater from the glaciers pooled into lakes including Ownes Lake and the Owens River. The river had traveled through to Indian Wells Valley. Fossil falls were formed when the river was forced to divert its course over a basalt flow, polishing and reshaping the rock into a varitety of uniques shapes and forms. All of the lava flows at fossil falls are basaltc.

FOSSIL FALLSBunna Roeum

• Metate holes were created when pieces of debris would drill into the basalt from the former water flow and would spin and create the metate holes

METATE HOLES

• Flakes of obsidian can be found in the area, for the Native Americans would camp near Fossil Falls and chip obsidian from the Coso Mountains to form their tools. Remains of rock foundations from their homes and obsidian chips from too lmaking are evidence of various occupations of this site between 12,000 and 3,000 years ago. Obsidian flakes are a result from the Volcanic glass.

OBSIDIAN FLAKES

Bunna Roeum

• The Indians who lived in this fossil falls site were the ones who had carved these animals/petroglyphs pictured on the rock.

• Petroglyphs are also known as rock engravings. Petroglyphs are found worldwide and are often associated with prehistoric people.

• Petroglyphs are rock carvings left by the indians who came before us and had told stories by engraving them onto the rocks.

PETROGLYPH

• House rings were former homes for the Native Americans. The native Americans would stay here during the summer for cooler climates and during the winter would migrate to the flatter lands during the winter.

HOUSE RINGS

TRIP TWO NORTHERN OWENS VALLEY

EASTERN SIERRA/LONE PINE/MANZANAR/ DIAZ LAKE/ MONO LAKE/CONVICT LAKE

4/13/2012

DIAZ LAKE

Bunna Roeum Diaz Lake was created from and Earthquake along the Lone Pine Fault in 1872. This kind of lake is known as a Sag Pond. The earthquake caused the land to sink and the sunk water filled up the pond creating Diaz lake.

Diaz Lake

• In 1872 the large earthquake was caused by a vertical and right lateral displacement along the lone pine fault. The earthquake caused the fault to move back and created diaz lake.

Bunna RoeumLone pine fault

MONO LAKEBunna Roeum

Bunna RoeumPaoha Island

Negit island

ISLANDS AT MONO LAKE

Paoha Island located on the left of this slide is a volcanic island that was formed in the 17th century. The Negit Island is considered a volcanic cone. Negit island is dark because it was composed by lava flows.

TUFA FORMATIONSBunna Roeum

tufa

When calcium rich springs flow up through the lake bottom the calcium bonds to carbonates in the lake water. Together they form calcium carbonate, a type of limestone. This solid material builds on itself forming a tufa tower. When the Lake level drops the exposed tufa stops growing.