ABSTRACTPhonebloks is an innovative idea created by David Hakkens from Netherlands that uses modular technology in order to build a cellular device that will be longer lasting in the hopes of sustaining our technological dependency without producing excessive amounts of waste. A Phonebloks is an open source project for customers around the world to develop the sustainable and adaptable technology devices that they need.A Phoneblok comprised of two terms Phone and Blok. A Blok is the base. A phone is the combined parts of the machinery required by a customer. So, a phonebloks is the new generation mobile phone which can be modified to its full extent.Concept of phonebloks works similar to desktop available in the market i.e., for instance if we are having low memory on our phone we can simple upgrade the specific component that holds the memory of the device, if we want heavy graphics then we can replace an unused component with a graphic card and if we need more computation power then there is no need to replace entire phone we can straightforward replace the processor component.In a nutshell, a Phoneblok is modular, much flexible, provides much functionality and has the fullest advantage of its features to the user. Multiple companies work on single product unlike single company working on multiple products and hence deliver the purest product to the customer.

CONTENTSAcknowledgement 3Abstract 4Contents 5Chapter- 1. Introduction 61.1 Definition 61.2 Concept of Phonebloks 71.3 History7Chapter- 2.Need for Phonebloks82.1 How Phonebloks Are Better82.2 Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Threats8Chapter- 3.Phonebloks10Purpose Of Phonebloks11

Modular Technology11

How Modular Technology Is Used In Phonebloks12

Reasons For Replacing The Bloks13

Components In Phonebloks14

Chapter- 4.Current Research Work16Chapter- 5. Advantages and Disadvantages195.1 Advantages195.2 Disadvantages205.3 Current Setup21Chapter-7.Conclusion22References22CHAPTER-1 INTRODUCTIONPhoneblok is a new generation Smartphone. A Phone is nothing but a phone comprising of blocks. Today electronic waste is increasing day to day due to many reasons like the device may be slow, damaged or a new device into the market. By considering this damage to the world, the concept of Phonebloks was given by a Netherlands innovator David Hakkens. It is a new generation Smartphone mobile phone which can be modified to its full extent.1.1 DefinitionPhonebloks the name comprises of two words. They are Phone and Block. A Phone is normal mobile phone that is used to communicate with others using wireless communication and a Blok is a component which can be used for a specific purpose. The Blocks are normally used for display, audio, RAM, memory, CPU and on. A Phonebloks is new generation Smartphone that uses modular technology which is more flexibility and can be up to date with the latest technology. The unused blocks can be replaced with the useful resources. Instead, the phone will be made of multiple parts that can be exchanged and substituted independently instead of as a whole device. By attaching individual third-party components (called "Bloks") to a main board, a user would create a personalized Smartphone. These blocks can be replaced at will if they break or the user wishes to upgrade.Phonebloks is a revolutionary device employing a smart base that is compatible with detachable blocks. Allowing the user to easily upgrade hardware and attach those components that suite their lifestyle and changing daily needs. The company will launch a free collaborative innovation platform for consumers and developers to engage in creating new blocks this is the first smart phone company that openly involves consumers in both hardware and software development.In the similar way phonebloks aims to turn your phone into a complete different phone which will always be latest. You can upgrade your phone with any latest or high capacity part anytime and anywhere. Like the appstore that is available online i.e., over the internet to download software in our Smartphone, A Blokstore will be available where one can upgrade his old Blok with the new. All the blocks are available in most desired shape and structure. The blocks can be manufactured by any manufacturer that means these blocks are not manufacturer specific.1.2 Concept of PhonebloksPhonebloks would consist of a main board onto which Bloks could be snapped on by the user likeLegobricks. Each Blok is responsible for a unique function of the phone, much as adesktop computerhas a distinct sound card, graphics card, processor, monitor, and power supply.As a result, instead of replacing the entire phone when it becomes obsolete or broken, one could simply replace the defective or performance-limiting part. If the consumer wanted a better camera, for example, he or she could swap their small generic camera Blok for a larger zoom camera from a manufacturer such as Nikon or Canon instead of buying a phone with a better camera. In theory, this would lead to fewer people throwing away their phones and contributing to the ever-increasing problem of electronic waste. Smartphones based on the Phonebloks system would be sold part by part, as well as in starter sets. When assembled, the phone would have a screen covering the entirety of the front, volume buttons and headphone jacks along the outer edge, and Bloks clicked into the back, forming a rectangular block shape.

History

David Hakkens from Netherlands has created one of the most revolutionary concepts of the 21st century, known as Phonebloks. His idea is that we can reduce a huge amount of electronic waste by simply upgrading individual components, or Bloks of our phones, rather than discarding the entire phone if something breaks or becomes obsolete. This in turn will reduce electronic waste, conserve natural resources, and protect consumers at the same time. He has made the Phonebloks concept open-source, so any group such as PhoneBloks.org (thats us) can take the idea to the next level, and produce a working, viable Phonebloks phone. A user would create a personalized Smartphone. These Bloks can be replaced at will if they break or the user wishes to upgrade.

CHAPTER-2NEED FOR PHONEBLOKSAs the electronic market changes every day, it has increased a lot of e-waste. For a single upgrade, we need to change the whole phone. Precise shape and structure leads to inconvenience to some customers. Mobile needs to be flexible. It must only have the customers required features. For all the above needs David Hakkens has given the solution with his innovative idea Phonebloks.

2.1 How phonebloks are betterA Phonebloks is better compared to the Smartphones available in the market becauseIt is green.

A Modular Smartphone.

Customization to its fitness.

Mobile flexibility.

It can be up-to-date.

Easy to upgrade individual components.

Open source platform.

2.2 Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats2.2.1 StrengthsCustomizable - The Phoneblok platform allows the consumer to customize a Smartphones to suit the highly specific demands of their lifestyle

Strong partners - Strategic partnership with Motorola and Google in modular phone technology

Green and sustainable product - The open modular platform has the ability to upgrade with biodegradable Bloks that can reduce e-waste.

2.2.2 WeaknessesSoftware compatibility - Necessity to develop cross-functional software that is compatible to modular hardware components

2.2.3 OpportunitiesAlways up-to-date technology - Bloks are easily customizable and upgradable.

Friendly to new and upcoming technology - Modular pieces allow integration between the phone and modular technology devices, allowing hardware to be shared between devices

Points of difference to Apple and Samsung - Phonebloks is a white box, not only in regard to software but also hardware; flexible, sustainable, cheaper, innovative, and customer driven

Open-source - Open-source technology allows for a unique continuous customer interaction in product development

Blok store and global delivery system - Online access to purchase and exchange Bloks in the online store.

2.2.4 ThreatsDesign attractiveness - Customers are holding all the power in regard to design and therefore this could be an issue whether its physical appearance is appealing to the majority of customers.

Threat of substitutes - The current smart devices offerings on the market are substitutes to the modular.

CHAPTER-3PHONEBLOKSPhonebloks uses modular technology in order to build a cellular device that will be longer lasting in the hopes of sustaining our technological dependency without producing excessive amounts of waste. Instead, the phone will be made of multiple parts that can be exchanged and substituted independently instead of as a whole device. Consumers will be able to customize their device and support different brands depending on what they are looking for in a phone.Phonebloks aims to turn your phone into a complete different phone which will always be latest. You can upgrade your phone with any latest or high capacity part anytime and anywhere. Like the appstore that is available online i.e., over the internet to download software in our Smartphone, A Blokstore will be available where one can upgrade his old Blok with the new. All the blocks are available in most desired shape and structure. The blocks can be manufactured by any manufacturer that means these blocks are not manufacturer specific.Untitled.jpg3.1 PhonebloksPurpose of Phonebloks

Stop the Waste

Electronic waste is a growing problem for a world in which the daily dependency and fascination with electronics is demanding and constant technological progress. When outdated or broken electronic products (such as phones, computers, VHS players, etc.) are thrown away, the waste is considered "e-waste". As more products are produced and distributed, more products are thrown away. Customizable Mobile Phone

The main purpose of the phonebloks is get upgraded from the block level of a mobile phone instead of replacing to a new mobile phone. An online Blok Store will be made available where customers can build their own phone, exchange and review Bloks with other customers, and purchase accessories. In order to appeal to all budgets, three distinct models appealing to multiple income segments will be made available during the selection process. Afterwards, the customer will be able to make adjustments to his base-product to modify it according to his/her specific needs. Afterwards, the total price will be displayed and the purchasing/shipping process will be conducted.

Modular Technology

Modular design in phonebloks hardware is the same as modular design in other things (e.g. cars, fridges, even furniture). The idea is to build Phonebloks with easily replaceable parts that use standardized interfaces. This technique allows you to upgrade certain aspects of the computer easily without having to buy another computer altogether.A computer is actually one of the best examples of modular design - typical modules arepower supply units,processors,main boards,graphics cards,hard drives,optical drives, etc. All of these parts should be easily interchangeable as long as you use parts that support the same standard interface as the part you replaced.How Modular Technology is used in Phonebloks

Modular technology is used to get done with a new mobile phone Phonebloks. In Phonebloks, every hardware component called Blok. The Bloks usually are screen, wifi, memory, RAM, camera etc. Every Blok consists of four pins which are in connection with other Bloks by using base as intermediate to transmit signals. All the Bloks are put together with the help of two screws at the bottom of the mobile phone. The Bloks can be upgraded with the help of Blokstore available in desired shapes.phoneblok_components.jpg3.3.1 Bloks used in Phonebloksscrew.jpg3.3.2 Screws used to put Bloks together3.4 Reasons for replacing the BloksThe Bloks in this Smartphones are replaced because of following reasons, ifBloks are damaged.

Any upgrade is required.

Broken Bloks.

Unused components.

If every is stored is online then there is no need of any internal memory and we require more battery backup.

memory.jpg3.4.1 Upgrading of BatteryIf you are interested in taking photograph then you can upgrade to a better camera without replacing the entire device. memory.jpg3.4.2 Upgrading to better camera3.5 Components in PhonebloksThe main components of Phonebloks areBase

Blok

3.5.1 BaseThe base is like spinal card in human being. It is responsible for connecting one Blok to all the remaining Bloks. All the Bloks are injected into the base with the help of the pins present in each Blok. The Blok is connected to the Base and the Base connects to everything over the Base.

3.5.1.2 The Base3.5.2 BloksBloks are the hardware required to make entire phone. These are placed over the Base to communicate with all other hardware with the help of Base.blok.png3.5.2.2 BloksCHAPTER-4CURRENT RESEARCH WORKMotorola late Monday unveiled Project Ara, a hardware platform that would allow consumers to build their own Smartphones by snapping modular parts into a frame. The Libertyville, Ill.-based Company, owned by Google Inc., has been working on Project Ara for more than a year and is opening the design process to the public.Project Ara marks Motorola's most ambitious effort yet in customizable mobile devices, a vision it introduced with this summer's launch of the Moto X. That Smartphone lets consumers choose from an array of colors for the device's back plate and external hardware accents.With Project Ara, the ability to customize the phone extends into the display, keyboard, camera, battery and processor. A shutterbug might opt for a high-definition display and a camera with lots of megapixels, while a frequent business traveler might choose a battery with extended life. A modular design also means a Smartphone owner who wants to upgrade or replace a single part - a sluggish processor or a cracked screen, for example - could do so without buying a new device.Motorola's goal is "to give you the power to decide what your phone does, how it looks, where and what it's made of, how much it costs, and how long you'll keep it," the company's Advanced Technology and Projects group said in a blog post. Motorola declined to comment beyond the post.Project Ara's modular phones appear far from hitting store shelves; the initiative has to overcome a number of engineering and design challenges before becoming reality.Motorola is pushing forward by partnering with Phonebloks, a modular mobile phone concept created by Netherlands-based designer Dave Hakkens. He posted a YouTube video last month explaining his idea and generated significant online buzz, with the video garnering nearly 17 million views.As Hakkens explained in a follow-up video on the Phonebloks website, he talked with a number of companies and discovered that Motorola was already working on a similar concept. The two groups joined forces, though Hakkens said Phonebloks will stay independently funded.Motorola said in its blog post that it will tap the Phonebloks community for feedback. The company also has hired Dscout, a Chicago technology firm, to manage an ongoing consumer research program.Volunteers who sign up online to be "research scouts" will be asked to complete a series of tasks, such as answering questions and snapping photos. Responses are submitted through a mobile application.Tens of thousands of participants have already signed up - about twice the number of volunteers that typically complete projects with Dscout, said Chief Executive Michael Winnick. The Ara program is expected to run for about a year, and Dscout volunteers might get first crack at early prototypes of the modular phone.Dscout has worked with Motorola before, but the Ara project stands out in its "level of ambition and scale," said Winnick, adding that it also is "very rare for a large organization to be out there and open" about new product development.Chris Jansen, a Chicagoan who works in information security and saw the Phonebloks YouTube video, signed up to be a research scout for Ara. He was drawn to "designing a phone in an entirely new way based on community feedback, especially because it takes the idea of 'you can upgrade what's important to you' out of the control of the carriers."The Ara project also attracted Alex Pedenko, co-founder of Chicago-based startup Swingbyte. He used to build his own PCs and is intrigued by the potential to customize a mobile phone with components such as an air-quality sensor or barometer."It opens the door for third-party accessories that people haven't even thought of right now," said Pedenko, whose company makes a gadget that clips onto a golf club and collects data on a player's swing.Technology companies have experimented with modular mobile devices in the past. Handspring, the maker of the Palm Pilot personal digital assistant, offered modules such as an MP3 player or GPS unit that plugged into the gadget like a video game cartridge. Project Ara envisions components fitting into a frame called the endoskeleton, Motorola said in its blog post.The concept faces hurdles in consumer adoption and engineering. For starters, the ability to choose a battery or processor might appeal only to a narrow technical crowd.

CHAPTER-5ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGESADVANTAGES:

Customer Empowerment

Phonebloks allows the consumer to interact and give feedback on the mobile phone they want through our integrated online customer platform

Customizable -online platform allows the consumer to customize a Smartphone to suit the highly

Specic demands of their lifestyle

Flexibility in price The modularity of the product allows it to compete in the lower- and higher-priced

Smartphone segments

Strong partners

Strategic partnership with Motorola and Google in modular phone technology

Innovative Product

Creative collaboration between Smartphones producers and customers

continuity of unlimited creative input

Green and sustainable product

The open modular platform has the ability to upgrade with biodegradable ,

Bloks that can reduce e-waste

5.2 DISADVANTAGESPartner-reliant business model

Product development is reliant on current partners and probability to attract

new ones

Software compatibility Necessity to develop cross-functional software that is compatible to modular

hardware components

Low brand awareness

Many smart phone users are not aware of Phonebloks and its benets due to little

advertising

Financial and legal stability

Reliant on crowd-funding and Motorola as well as intellectual property

protection hurdles with existing patents

Economies of scale and scope

Phonebloks is a start-up company starting in a highly competitive industry

which gives the company the disadvantage of economies of scale and -scope

CURRENT SETUP

Speed:Intel Quad Core 4Battery:2000mAhStorage:8GBNetwork:4GCamera:12MP Canon HDAudio:Bose 4.0Weight:130 Gram

CHAPTER-6CONCLUSION

Phonebloks is a good way to prevent e-waste. It provides much functionality in a compact manner. Phonebloks are much flexible as compared to the legacy phones has the fullest advantage of its features to the user. Multiple companies work on single product unlike single company working on multiple products and hence deliver the purest product to the customer. Multiple companies work on single product unlike single company.

REFERENCES

McNicoll, Arion."Phonebloks: The Smartphone for the rest of your life".CNN.com. Retrieved 23 October 2013.

Oswald, Ed."Modu looks to make cell phones 'modular'".betanews. Retrieved 10 November 2013.

US application 20110230178, Jones; Gregory G.; (Seattle, WA); Hanson; Lisa M.; (Issaquah, WA); Kleist; Thomas; (Redbourn, GB); Hanson; Lisa M & Kleist; Thomas, "MOBILE COMMUNICATION DEVICE HAVING MULTIPLE, INTERCHANGEABLE SECOND DEVICES", published 2011-09-22, issued, assigned to Microsoft Corporation

Hakkens, David."Phonebloks: A Phone Worth Keeping (Idea)". Retrieved 10 November 2013.