TECHNOLOGICAL INSTITUTE OF THE PHILIPPINES

POST-WAR PERIODREPORTED BY:

BERDON, JANNE LOUISE T.SERRA, LAURENT

LAGUNA, ROSELYNQUINIONES KENNETH

HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE 4

The devastation brought by the last world war II, coupled by economic exigencies gave

away to the extention of slowly emerging architectural concept to detach from the

bondage of traditional forms.

POST WAR PERIOD• ¨ In 1946, the independent

Philippines expressed its identity by implementing Modernism through the utilization of reinforced concrete, steel and glass, the predominance of cubic forms, geometric shapes and Cartesian grids, and the absense of applied decoration.

• ¨ In 1947 a corps of architects and engineers were tasked to study the modern US and Latin American capitals and formulate a master plan for Manila.

POST WAR PERIOD

Federico Ilustre, consulting architect from the 1950’s to 1970’s, worked on the building at the Elliptical Road in Q.C.• He started his career as a

draftsman for Juan Nakpil. • He graduated from Mapua

Institute of Technology. • He passed his licensure

examinations in 1937

Federico Ilustre

Quezon Memorial Monument

The centerpiece is the 65-meter high Art Deco Quezon Memorial Monument, composed of 3 pylons topped by winged figures representing the 3 island groups.

POST WAR PERIOD

• ¨ The 1950’s and 60’s staple architectural element were the brise-soleil, glass walls, pierced screens, and thin concrete shells.

POST WAR PERIOD• The post-war doctrine was “form follows

function” professed by the “3rd generation” architects, namely, Cesar Concio, Angel Nakpil, Alfredo Luz, Otillo Arellano,Felipe Mendoza, Gabriel Formoso and Carlos Arguelles.

• "Form follows function" is a principle associated with modernist architecture and industrial design in the 20th century. The principle is that the shape of a building or object should be primarily based upon its intended function or purpose.

POST WAR PERIOD

• Cesar Homero Concio, Sr.

November 30, 1907- April 27, 2003• First University Architect of the

University of the Philippines. When the University transferred to Diliman from Padre Faura in the late 1940’s, Cesar Concio was tasked to continue what Louis Croft has started.

• He is also one of the architects selected by President Roxas in 1947 to study the trends in Architecture and Engineering to design the buildings of the Capital City, especially in his position as the chief architect of the UP Diliman Campus.

Cesar Concio

POST WAR PERIOD

Melchor Hall, University of the

Philippines, Diliman

The Church of the Risen Lord located at the University of the

Philippines, Diliman, Quezon City

POST WAR PERIOD

• Angel E. Nakpil• ( February 20 1914 - November 2 1980 )

was a leading Filipino architect. • Nephew of architect and national artist

of the Philippines Juan Nakpil.• He graduated from the UST in 1931.• Harvard-trained architect. • He served as the City Planning

Commissioner of Manila during the post-war reconstruction years, from 1947 - 1949.

• He was a charter member of the United Architects of the Philippines, which was founded in 1975.

Angel E. Nakpil

POST WAR PERIOD

•The Nationa Press Club building was inaugurated on December 30, 1955 with President Magsaysay as sponsor, along with several cabinet members and other government officials and other donors.The NPC building became a historic monument to the ideals of press freedom and unity among colleagues in the country's newspaper industryIt was designed by Architect Angel E. Nakpil and was constructed by Alberto T. Abaya.

National Press Club

POST WAR PERIOD

• Alfredo J. Luz • brother of National Artist for

Sculpture Arturo J. Luz.• AJ Luz was at the cutting edge

of Philippine modernism in the late ’50s and early ’60s.

• His body of work includes the Menzi Building on Ayala Avenue, the Amon Trading building on Buendia, the L & S Building on Roxas Blvd., Dewey Blvd., Manila, and the Fil-Oil Refinery Service Building in Limay, Bataan.

Alfredo J. Luz

POST WAR PERIOD

Quisumbing Building

World Health Organization located at

U.N ave. Manila

POST WAR PERIOD• Otillo Arellano • Born in Manila on 1916• He is the son of Arcadio Arellano and the nephew of

Juan Arellano.• He rose into the Architectural Profession during the

50s to 60s, becoming the one of the architects representing the Philippines in some International Expositions.

• He was also chosen by Imelda Marcos to restore the Metropolitan Theater.

• Awards

Patnubay ng Sining at Kalinangan, 1970PRC Outstanding Architect of the Year, 1977Buildings National Bureau of Investigations Philippine Pavilion 1964, New York

Otillo Arellano

POST WAR PERIOD

National Bureau of Investigation (Philippines)Formed November 13, 1936Headquarters Taft Avenue, Ermita, Manila, Philippines

POST WAR PERIOD• Felipe Mendoza • also an Physical Planner• He formed a partnership with Gabino de

Leon and Homero Ingles but formed his own architectural firm in 1951.

• AWARDS

Patnubay ng Sining at Kalinangan, 1976UAP Likha Award, 1982PRC Outstanding Architect of the Year, 1982Buildings Batasang Pambansa The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints Development Academy of the Philippines Philippine Veterans Bank.

Felipe M. Mendoza

POST WAR PERIOD

Philippine Veterans Bank in Manila

The concept of a bank for veterans of World War II was conceived in 1956, when a war reparations agreement was signed between Japan and the Philippines.the Philippine Veterans Bank was born on June 18, 1963 through Republic Act No. 3518.

POST WAR PERIOD

• Gabriel Formoso • started his career in the 1950’s and by

the 1960’s, he was already successful and became the most popular architect of the residences of the posh Makati villages.

• he was also one of the people selected in 1963 to the planning and working committee for the future Pamantasan ng Lungsod ng Maynila.

• AWARDS

PRC Outstanding Architect of the Year, 1979Patnubay ng Sining at Kalinangan, 1977Republic Cultural Heritage Awards, 1973United Architects of the Philippines Likha Award, 1990.

Gabriel Formoso

POST WAR PERIOD

Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas

La Tondena Building

POST WAR PERIOD

• Carlos Arguelles • He studied abroad,• He served as a professor in

Design at the UST College of Architecture and Fine Arts.

• Appointment as Dean of the UST College of Architecture and Fine Arts from 1954 to 1959.

• American Institute of Architects(AIA) and the Philippine Institute of Architects(PIA).

Carlos Arguelles

POST WAR PERIOD

Philam Life Building U.N Ave. St. Ermita

Manila

International Rice Research Institute

(IRRI)IN Los banos

POST WAR PERIOD• The 1950’s also witnessed Space

Age aesthetics and Soft modernism, which experimented with the sculptural plasticity of poured concrete to come up with soft and sinuous organic forms with the use of thin shell technology. Examples are:

• Space Age- Victor Tiotuycos’s UP International Center and Jose Zaragoza’s Union Church

• Soft Modernism: Church of the Holy Sacrifice, and Phil Atomic Research Center

Church o f Holy sacrifice

Jose maria Zaragosa union church

POST WAR PERIOD• In the 1950’s the height of

buildings was limited to 30 meters by law. With the amendment of Manila ordinance No. 4131, a high-rise fever redefined Manila’s skyline:

• Angel Nakpil’s 12-storey Picache Building, considered as the 1st skyscraper in the Phils.

• Cesar Concio’s Insular Life Building, the 1st office building to surpass the old 30-meter height restriction