peru as a mining, gas and oil country: new tendencies and old mistakes
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Fernando Rodolfo Bejarano Bernal, Network Specialist, LATINDADDTRANSCRIPT
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International ConferenceEmerging Oil, Gas and Mining
countries
Peru as a mining, gas and oil country:
New tendencies and old mistakes
Rodolfo BejaranoMay 14, 2014
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Peru in world rankings of mining production
Mining in Peru
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Exports: 61% Mining 12% Oil and Gas
Mining in Peru
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Investment in mining (US$ millions)
Mining in Peru
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Map of Mining Units
2016 - 2030 Operation Extension Exploration
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Socio-enviromental Conflicts
Mining in Peru
Mining Oil and Gas Other
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The paradox of resource wealth vs. development
Poverty in mining regions
Human Development Index
Regions in Peru
Mining in Peru
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Growth of the extractive sector (mining) driven by foreign investment and high price cycle from 2004 onwards. Rising prices explain between 70% to 80% growth in the value of mining production.
A set of tax benefits and exemptions protected by legal stability contracts to favored companies in the appropriation of income: debate on the windfall tax, results Voluntary Contribution Miner (2006). In 2011 the Special Tax and Special Assessment miners are given.
The companies have been the main winners with incomes that allowed the extraordinary high prices. The mining profitability (net income / sales) 30% in 2013.
Revenues from mining activities are very volatile due to international crises: affecting mining and petroleum Canon.
Extractive revenues
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Contribution of mining and hydrocarbons to tax revenues 2001- 2013
Extractive revenues
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Canon: 50% of income tax is transferred to areas of operation
Extractive revenues
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The mining canon in 2014 has been reduced to 50% compared to 2012. This occurs in the absence of stabilizing mechanisms/compensation are generating complaints from authorities and social protest.
Falling revenues affects canon regions differentiated manner. La Libertad, Arequipa, Cajamarca, Ancash, Moquegua and Tacna would be the most affected regions.
Ministry of Economy answer: compensation (290 million) + offer loans (up to 500 million) by 2013.
By 2014: reduction of canon + re-centralization budget. The budget of the national government increased by 15% and local governments will be reduced.
Extractive revenues
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Canon transferred to subnational governments (S/. Millions)
Extractive revenues
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The current distribution scheme that favors the provinces and regions is no longer sustainable due to inequity: intra-regional and inter-regional.
Redistribution of canon is necessary but insufficient for the little weight that canon represents in total investment budget (20%). We must discuss the distribution of the total budget.
Extractive revenues
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Redistribution and use must be discussed considering: Improving equity in budget allocation. Stabilization of expenditure in medium term
(stabilization funds, savings funds) Improved allocation and quality of spending. Public participation in defining use of resources. Transparency in incomes and expenditures. Promote and development alternatives and sustainable
productive activities .
Extractive revenues
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Thanks