Part 1: Geography Geography shapes history because it is where all history takes place Since the beginning of time, all civilizations have had to control their surrounding in order to survive Topography = The physical features of a place or region Archipelago A chain of islands Italy Japan Oceania Delta A landform that is formed at the mouth of a river, where the river flows into an another body of water Nile Delta (Egypt) Desert A dry, often sandy region, with little rainfall, extreme temperatures, and sparse vegetation Sahara Desert (Africa) Gobi Desert (China) Gulf Part of a large body of water that extends into a shoreline
Gulf of Tonkin Gulf of Mexico Regular (Smooth) Coastline
A smooth coastline with very few natural harbors West Coast of Africa Irregular Coastline A non-smooth coastline, that has many natural harbors Britain Mountain Land with steep sides that rises sharply Himalayan Mountain Peninsula An area of land that is surrounded by water on three sides
Korean Peninsula Italy India River Large natural stream of water that runs through the land
Nile River Indus River Ganges River Yellow River Isthmus A narrow stretch of land connecting two larger areas of land
Isthmus of Panama Straight A narrow stretch of water connecting two larger bodies of water Straight of Gibraltar Geography Terms Geographical Barrier = A physical feature that separates two regions/areas/locations from each other and creates obstacles Himalayan Mountains Sahara Desert Gobi Desert River Valley = land that surrounds a river that is rich and fertile Deforestation = the cutting down of forests or rainforests on a massive scale and converting the land for non-forest use. Amazon Rainforest Desertification = the changing of semi-desert land to total desert land Sahara Desert Todays Warm-up Define Topography? Define Desertification
Give 2 examples of topographical features Define Desertification Where in the world is this occurring today? Political Map = a type of map that shows governmental boundaries, like countries, continents, states, and cities Physical Map = a type of map that shows physical features, like mountains, plains, deserts and forests. Imaginary lines that run horizontally across a map
Latitude Longitude Imaginary lines that run horizontally across a map Lat is FLAT Imaginary lines that run vertically (up and down) across a map Long is LONG How do you read latitude and longitude? Part 3: Timelines The period of time before written records were kept is called prehistoric, meaning before history. Time is customarily divided into these periods: PrehistoryBefore 4000 B.C.Ancient History B.C. A.D Medieval History A.D. 500 A.D Modern History A.D Present Common Time Terms B.C. = Before Christ
B.C. = Before Christ A.D. = Anno Domini (after death of Christ) Decade = 10 Years Century = 100 years You will copy the definition down from the PPT in this box.
All other boxes will be completed on your OWN after all words have been defined. Culture The characteristics of a particular group of people defined by everything from language, religion, cuisine, social habits, music and arts Way of life for a group of people Cultural Diversity Many different kinds of cultures in one place Cultural Diffusion The spread or exchange of cultures Ethnocentrism The belief that your culture/ethnicity is superior (better) than others