PowerPoint Presentation

PALM OIL PROCESSING

GROUP 3

HeilmiIzzatHilmiZakwan

MAIN PRODUCTS : CRUDE PALM OIL (CPO) & PALM KERNEL (PK)

CRUDEPALM OILPALMKERNELFRESH FRUIT BUNCH (FFB)

BY-PRODUCTS

SHELLMESOCARPFIBREFRESH FRUIT BUNCH(FFB)

COMPOST EMPTY BUNCH / SHREDDED EFB

FRESH FRUIT BUNCHVERTICAL CLARIFICATION TANKOILPURIFIERVACUUMDRYERBULK STORAGE TANKSLUDGESEPARATORDIGESTIONEFFLUENT TREATMENTSTERILISATIONPRESSINGNUT/FIBRE SEPARATIONNUT SILONUT CRACKERCLAYBATHKERNEL SILOSTORE/BUNKERBOILERSTRIPPINGTO WATERCOURSEKERNELCRUDE OILNUT & FIBRESHELLPALM OIL MILL FLOW DIAGRAMOPERATION-To receive, weighing, unloading and conducting FFB grading at the loading ramp.-Graded according to degree of freshness and ripeness, size of the bunch, length of the bunch stalk, percentage of loose fruits and formation of the FFB in accordance with the standards set by MPOB

OBJECTIVETo determine the FFB quality and prices to be paid to the FFB suppliers.

FRUIT RECEPTIONDIGESTEROPERATION

In the digester, fruitlets will be stirred. It will produce a homogeneous mash to the press. Steam is continuously inject into the digester to maintain the temperature about 95 - 100oC for approx. 20 min.OBJECTIVE

To loosen the mesocarp from palm nut.To break the oil cells.

OPERATION

FFB is directly heated by saturated steam in a pressurized vessel.(t = 45 min, P = 40 psi, T = 143 - 145oC)

OBJECTIVE

To loosen fruit-lets from the bunch To inactivate enzymes activity that promote FFA (free fatty acid) To precondition the mesocarp to facilitate oil recovery To prepare / pre-treat the nut for cracking

VERTICLE STERILIZERTHRESHEROPERATION

FFB is fed and lifted in a rotating drum at a certain angle, so it will fall off. In the process, fruit-lets will detach from the bunch.

OBJECTIVE

To separate the fruit-lets from sterilized bunches

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SCREW PRESS MECHANISM digested fruit conveyed through towards a cone-shaped exit leftover is a compact dried mass comprising nuts and fibres called press cake advantage - oil cells that escape the digestion stage are broke open thereby increasing oil production controls the pressure to ensure a minimum of residue oil in the press cake with an acceptable amount of broken nuts (cracked nut < 5% ; broken kernel < 1%)DIGESTER & SCREW PRESSScrew Press

DigesterKernel Recovery PlantOil Recovery PlantOIL CLARIFICATIONOPERATION

Left for about 5 hours in clarification/settling tanks to let denser impurities (sludge) settle at the base.

OBJECTIVE

To separate oil from sludge.

OIL CLARIFICATION

Underflow SludgeCPOPurifyingOil RecoveryClarifier TankUnderflow SludgeOIL CLARIFICATIONOIL SEPARATION TIME IN CLARIFICATION TANK

# Minutes vs Separation (%)

20 minutes - 95.9%40 minutes - 97.6%60 minutes - 98.3%120 minutes - 99.3%

Source - Stork, AmsterdamSLUDGE SEPARATOROPERATION

Oil is separated through sludge separator at speed of 5000 rpm.Sludge will sent to effluent treatment and oil will sent back to clarification tank.

OBJECTIVE

To reclaim remnant oil from sludge.18

EFFLUENTTREATMENTOIL PURIFICATIONOPERATION

Moisture and dirt are separated by the Oil Purifier.

OBJECTIVE

Oil purification from moisture and dirt.

VACUUM DRYEROPERATION

The oil is dried through vacuum dryer.

OBJECTIVE

To separate moisture from oil.20

OIL FROM CLARIFICATION TANK