p2 presentation

Road to SCHEVENINGENtowards a sustainable tourism destination

P2 Presentation by

Amy Ikha Yanti Santoso (4120663)

Delta Intervention Studio

26 Januari 2012

?The aims of this project are:1. Designing new public transport scenarios in The Hague, to Scheveningen and other local tourism destinations, in order to encourage a shift from private car to public transport use.

2. Designing a mixed-use development in Scheveningen Harbour, with a purpose of enhancing its place distinctiveness, attracting more investments and activities in the area.

CONTENTS of this presentation are:

1. Introduction

2. Problem statement

3. Project aims

4. Research questions

5. Methodology

6. Analysis

7. Case studies

8. The Hague’s spatial planning

9. Spatial planning assessment

10. Existing plan in Scheveningen Haven

11. Harbour development theoretical framework

12. Scheveningen Harbour master plan

13. Master plan assessment

14. Spatial planning and master plan assessment

15. The next step

INTRODUCTION tourism area life cycle (Butler, 1980)

A tourism area needs to be rejuvenated or else, it will decline..

TIME

SCHEVENINGEN

CRITICAL RANGE OF ELEMENTS OF CAPACITY

involvement

development

consolidation

stagnation

rejuvenation

ABC

D

decline

exploration

NUMBER OFTOURISTS

INTRODUCTION sustainable tourism & accessibility

“Tourism is one of the MOST SIGNIFICANT SECTORS in present world economy. It also has extensive effects on the destinations and host communities, in spatial, economic, social and environmental aspects. Because of that, there is A NEED to ensure its long-term SUSTAINABILITY, preserving not only its ability for generating capitals, but also its spatial, social, cultural or environmental assets, which contribute to its success.

In that case, sustainability principles refer to HARMONIOUS relationships among environmental, economic and socio-cultural aspects of tourism development, in order to guarantee its long-term maintenance.

ACCESSIBILITY and mobility influence the success of a tourist destination. Car is one of the most used transport mode for tourism, yet it is very environmentally-unfriendly. Because of that, sustainable tourism development needs an environmentally-friendly transport planning, where A SHIFT TO PUBLIC TRANSPORT from car-use is encouraged.”

(World Tourism Organizations, 2004)

In 2007, 49% of Scheveningen’s tourists used car, while only 34% used public transports. It causes pollutions, congestions and nuisance from angry drivers.

PROBLEMSTATEMENT tourists’ high use of car

5

21

26

31

7

12

11

10

9

13

18

27

34

35

28

22

23

19

14 20

30

25

24

166

8

42

3

17

15

2932

33

37

36

39

38

1

0 - 10 minutes

11 - 20 minutes

21 - 30 minutes

31 - 40 minutes

41 - 50 minutes

51 - 60 minutes

more than 60 minutes

1 4 km0 longer travelling time by public transport compared to car from The Hague

to Scheveningen

500 2000 m0

Area with Tra�c Problem

Area with Empty Space

Area which Connection to Water can be Strengthened

traffic problem and low spatial quality in the harbour

B

A

A

B

A shift is most likely to happen when:

1. public transport frequency is six times per hour (Rutten, 2010)

2. there is a faster public transport with better service quality (World Tourism Organization, 2004)

HOW?

PROJECTAIMS encourage a shift from car to public transport

PROJECTAIMS new public transport scenario in The Hague

Right-of-Way

Metro/Rail Rapid Transit (RRT)

Bus Rapid Transit (BRT)

Light Rapid Transit (LRT)

Investment cost per pairs of lanes

5 - 40 million $/km

75 - 200 ppl (1 cart)

70 - 90 km/h

500 - 800 m

3.65 - 3.75 m

10 - 50 million $/km

120 - 600 ppl (1 - 4 cart)

60 - 100 km/h

500 - 1000 m

3.40 - 3.60 m

40 - 100 million $/km

140 - 2400 ppl (1 - 10 cart)

80 - 100 km/h

500 - 2000 m

3.70 - 4.30 m

Capacity per Transit Unit and vehicle

Speed

Terminal

Lane-width (one-way)

specification

11 m8 m7.5 m

PROJECTAIMS accommodating future transport needs

BADtwo theatreshorecafamily entertainmentwellness facilitiesbudget hotel & officedesign hotel & apartmentparking garage

DEVELO

PMENT!

NEW

parking garagehigh-rise apartmentsmall theatresocial housingfive-star hotelsmall housesparking area

HAVEN680-920 houses6,200 m2 commercial functionstwo museums23,000 m2 fisheries

two hotels4,000 m2 offices7,200 m2 fish-related leisure7,200 m2 beach leisure

new programs will encourage stable flow of

passengers throughout the days and seasons

PROJECTAIMS 2x current passenger number and 3x faster

PRESENTpeak day 14,500 peoplepeak hour 4,930 people

FUTUREpeak day 29,000 peoplepeak hour 9,860 people

average travelling timeby public transport 30 minutes

average travelling timeby public transport 10 minutes

In order to encourage a shift from car-use, public transport should provide better service and faster travelling time compared to car.

Presently, car is 2x faster than public transport, so:

PROJECTAIMS harbour’s mixed-use and tourism-oriented development

“Mixed-uses and leisure activities are key factors of urban water redevelopment schemes.” (Tunbridge & Ashworth, 1992; Falk, 1992)

“Tourism-oriented development generates positive influences in urban regeneration. It can be the catalyst of radical changes in economy, social and physical aspects of a city in transition.”(Owen, 1990)

WHY ?m i x e d -use and tourism-oriented

PROJECTAIMS harbour’s development type

NORMAL TYPE

CRUISE PASSENGER TERMINAL

ARTS & CULTURE

HARBOUR-ORIENTED

If no anchor development is proposed, just a normal growth of the area.

Just as proposed in the municipality’s plan. Is it the right one for Scheveningen Harbour?

Following The Hague’s vision to be a cultural city, is Scheveningen suitable to be part of the scheme?

Apart from the existing plans and schemes, can Scheveningen develop its own unique character?

PROJECTAIMS high accessibility from The Hague to Scheveningen

PROJECTAIMS harbour’s vibrant urban life with strong place identity

RESEARCHQUESTIONS new public transport scenario

Bus Rapid Transit (BRT), Light Rapid Transit (LRT) or Rail Rapid Transit (RRT)?

Which scenario provides the shortest travelling time from The Hague to Scheveningen, which maintains most of the present urban condition, while producing the least negative impacts on physical, social, economic and environmental aspects?

1. Which scenario provides the shortest travelling time?2. Which scenario has maintains most of the present urban condition?3. How are they spatially implemented?4. Which scenario produces the least negative impacts on physical, social, economic and environmental aspects?5. Which scenario is the cheapest one to implement?6. Considering its speed, cost, as well as physical, social, economic and environmental impacts, which scenario is the most suitable one for The Hague and Scheveningen?

RESEARCHQUESTIONS Scheveningen Harbour development

Normal-type, cruise passenger terminal, arts & culture or harbour-related oriented?

Which scenario is the most suitable one for Scheveningen Harbour, in order to enhance its attractiveness, place distinctiveness and generate vibrant urban life in the area?

1. Which scenario enhances Scheveningen Harbour’s place distinctiveness the most?2. Which scenario generates the most vibrant urban life in the area?3. Which scenario is the cheapest to implement?4. What are the impact of each scenario on physical, social, economic and environmental aspects?

METHODOLOGY project scheme

METHODOLOGY methods used

new public transportproviding transport mode’s specifications, construction, impact, advantage and disadvantages

harbour developmentfactors in project that generate positive impacts in harbour regeneration

OTHER JOUR-N A L A R T I -C L E S


Dutch seaside resortsScheveningen’s identity as a Dutch seaside resort

There are two purposes of doing case studies in this project. First, to investigate Scheveningen’s position among other Dutch seaside resorts. Second, to seek inspiration and guidance of integrating new public transport line to harbour development.


Harbourside, BristolThe integration of LRT and arts and culture development in Harbourside

Barceloneta, BarcelonaThe integration of BRT and normal type development in Barceloneta harbour


ATELIERK U S TK WA L IT E I T

B L A N K WA L L SEMPTYSPACES

T R A FF I CE N G IN E E R

C O A S TA LE N G IN E E R

L OC A LR E S ID E N T

Interview with expertsQuick overview on coastal development, engineering and local’s perception in Scheveningen, as well as traffic design in The Hague

Site surveyInvestigate the spatial quality of Scheveningen Harbour area to support analysis and design of master plan


Analysis

Space Syntax

Route from Den Haag to Scheveningen

Topological centralitiesRadius 3

Radius 30

Global scale

Scheveningen

Local scale

House priceIncome

Public transport networkRoad structure

Tourism-oriented programResident-oriented program

Centralities Building age

Shopping street

SedimentationTourism destination

Crime rate A N A L YSES ARE USED TO PROVIDED E S I G NCONSIDER AT I O N A N D G U I D EL I N E S


back and forth between research and design to improve product’s quality

Bus Rapid Transit (BRT), Light Rapid Transit (LRT) or Rail Rapid Transit (RRT)?

Which scenario provides the shortest travelling time from The Hague to Scheveningen, which maintains most of the present urban condition, while producing the least negative impacts on physical, social, economic and environmental aspects?

Answer:

METHODOLOGY answering the questions

METHODOLOGY answering the questions

Normal-type, cruise passenger terminal, arts & culture or harbour-related oriented?

Which scenario is the most suitable one for Scheveningen Harbour, in order to enhance its attractiveness, place distinctiveness and generate vibrant urban life in the area?

Answer:

1 4 km0

Shop

Bar

Restaurant

Hotel

Museum

Monument

Parking Area

ANALYSIStourist-oriented program

in The Hague

International Zone

Museum Area

Shopping Street

1 4 km0

ANALYSIScentralities in The Hague

Scheveningen Boulevard

Scheveningen Village

Scheveningen Harbour

City Centre

Museum Area

Madurodam

Kijkduin

1 4 km0

IT SAYS: potential destinations in the new transport system

ANALYSIStourism destinations in The Hague

Railway

Highway

Tram Line

Bus Line

1 4 km0

ANALYSIStransport network in The Hague

1 4 km0

Car Route to Scheveningen

Bus 22 Route to Scheveningen

Tram 1 Route to Scheveningen




ANALYSIStransport route to Scheveningen

IT SAYS: the probable and preferrable route for BRT, LRT and RRT

1 4 km0

Destinations

Preferred BRT route

Possible BRT route

Kijkduin

Museum KwartierCity Centre

Central Station

Hollands Spoor

MadurodamHarbour

Village

Boulevard

CONCLUSIONBRT design guidelines

IT SAYS: the destinations and preferrable route for BRT using existing bus line

1 4 km0

Destinations

Preferred LRT route

Possible LRT route

Kijkduin


Central Station

Hollands Spoor

MadurodamHarbour

Village

Boulevard

CONCLUSIONLRT design guidelines

IT SAYS: the destinations and preferrable route for LRT using existing tram line

1 4 km0

Destinations

Preferred RRT route

Kijkduin


Central Station

Hollands Spoor

MadurodamHarbour

Village

Boulevard

Destinations

Preferred BRT route

Possible BRT route

Kijkduin


Central Station

Hollands Spoor

MadurodamHarbour

Village

Boulevard

CONCLUSIONRRT design guidelines

IT SAYS: the destinations and preferrable route for RRT in consideration of space availability

Shop

Bar

Restaurant

Hotel

Museum

Monument

Parking Area

500 2000 m0 ANALYSIStourist-oriented program

in Scheveningen

Centralities (Public Program Concentration)

500 2000 m0 ANALYSIScentralities in Scheveningen

IT SAYS: shopping street and leisure programs are lesser in the harbour areaCHANCE OF: adding more shopping and leisure programs

School

Sport Facility

Industry and O�ce

Healthcare Facility

500 2000 m0 ANALYSISresident-oriented program

in Scheveningen

IT SAYS: the harbour area is dominated with industrial and office programsCHANCE OF: replacing them with more public-engaging programs

House Price

Income

OOSTDUINEN

Not Available

Not Available

House Price

Income

DUTTENDEL

687,000 Euro

46,200 Euro

House Price

Income

WESTBROEKPARK

638,000 Euro

44,700 Euro

House Price

Income

VAN STOLKPARK

EN SCHEVENINGSE BOSJES

600,000 Euro

32,700 Euro

House Price

Income

SWEELINCKPLEIN EN OMGEVING

363,000 Euro

45,600 Euro

House Price

Income

ZORGVLIET

555,000 Euro

34,900 Euro

House Price

Income

STATENKWARTIER

468,000 Euro

30,200 Euro

House Price

Income

RIJSLAG

326,000 Euro

22,000 Euro

House Price

Income

BELGISCH PARK

348,000 Euro

23,800 Euro

House Price

Income

STADHOUDERSPLANTSOEN

277,000 Euro

38,800 Euro

House Price

Income

SCHEVENINGEN BADPLAATS

264,000 Euro

22,100 Euro

House Price

Income

VISSERIJBUURT

249,000 Euro

18,700 Euro

House Price

Income

GEUZENKWARTIER

232,000 Euro

18,900 Euro

House Price

Income

VISSERSHAVEN

207,000 Euro

17,300 Euro

House Price

Income

OUD SCHEVENINGEN

201,000 Euro

16,700 Euro

House Price

Income

DUINDORP

143,000 Euro

15,800 Euro

500 2000 m0 ANALYSIShouse price and income

in Scheveningen (www.cbsinuwbuurt.nl)

IT SAYS: harbour area has the second lowest house price

and income in Scheveningen

CHANCE OF: incorporating high-

end housings and apartments in the

harbour area

Threat

Car & Bike Theft

House & Company Theft

Mistreatment

Mugging

Destruction

Total Number of Crime

DUINDORP

11

30

21

11

0

30

103

Threat

Car & Bike Theft


Mistreatment

Mugging

Destruction


DUINOORD

9

62

52

11

4

39

177

Threat

Car & Bike Theft


Mistreatment

Mugging

Destruction


GEUZEN- EN STATENKWARTIER

12

91

84

7

2

67

263

Threat

Car & Bike Theft


Mistreatment

Mugging

Destruction


SCHEVENINGEN

37

136

112

67

9

197

558

Threat

Car & Bike Theft


Mistreatment

Mugging

Destruction


ZORGVLIET

4

7

12

3

2

20

48

Threat

Car & Bike Theft


Mistreatment

Mugging

Destruction


VAN STOLKPARK EN SCHEVENINGSE BOSJES

1

11

2

3

1

4

22

Threat

Car & Bike Theft


Mistreatment

Mugging

Destruction


WESTBROEKPARK EN DUTTENDEL

2

14

28

4

1

11

60

OOSTDUINEN

1

5

3

4

0

10

23

Threat

Car & Bike Theft


Mistreatment

Mugging

Destruction


BELGISCH PARK

6

28

26

15

4

50

169

Threat

Car & Bike Theft


Mistreatment

Mugging

Destruction


500 2000 m0 ANALYSIScrime in Scheveningen

(www. politie.nl)

IT SAYS: harbour area has the

highest crime rate in Scheveningen

MIGHT BE: publicly unsupervised area

creates a chance for crime to take

place

High Street Integration

Low Street Integration

500 2000 m0 SPACE SYNTAXlocal topological R3 centralities

IT SAYS: the more integrated a street is, the more possible it is to be an economic centreCHANCE OF: increasing street integration to condition a creation of economic centreMIGHT BE: low street integration contributes to high crime rate in the harbour

High Street Integration

Low Street Integration

500 2000 m0 SPACE SYNTAXglobal topological R30 centralities

IT SAYS: in global scale, the harbour area is quite well-connectedCHANCE OF: providing high accessibility to harbour’s waterfront in global scale

500 2000 m0

North Sea Main Stream Direction

Stream Direction in Detail

Sedimented Area in the Future

ANALYSISsedimentation in Scheveningen

IT SAYS: sedimentation process creates new land surrounding harbour areaCHANCE OF: potential new development area surrounding the harbour

CONCLUSIONScheveningen Harbour design strategy

1. 2.

3. 4.

new road development to improve accessibility to waterfront from surrounding area

improving connection to water and activating waterfront urban life by injecting more leisure programs

filling in the empty spaces with new programs and activities

proposing high-end housings and apartments to enhance prestige of the area

CASESTUDIES Dutch seaside resorts (Kwakman, 2010)

CASESTUDIES Dutch seaside resorts conclusion

Compared to other Dutch seaside resorts, Scheveningen is:

1. superior in facilities and activities it offers to tourists.

2. potential in developing its Hollands Classics character, with its distinctive Scheveningen Village.

3. potential in developing its Good Life character, with new development in the harbour.

4. potential in creating another type of tourism, Haven Leven, where all fishing, harbour activities are showcased to tourists, along with water sports and extended nightlife.

CASESTUDIES Barceloneta, Barcelona

500 2000 m0

City Centre

Harbour Area

Barceloneta Village

Yacht Marina

Industrial Area

Road

BRT Line

Barceloneta is one of the most popular beaches in Barcelona

Although the harbour areae is mostly converted to yacht marina, there are still some industrial zones left in the area.

BRT lines provide direct access to the beach. In order to achieve shorter travelling time, the stops are located further than before.

CASESTUDIES Harbourside, Bristol

200 800 m0

City Centre

Harbour Area

Millenium Square

Animation Center

Aquarium

Amphitheatre

Road

LRT Line

Harbourside is the new cultural and leisure center of Bristol

Development of cultural programs and a public square activate the urban life in Harbourside.

LRT line doesn’t cross the Harbourside, but provide a direct connection to the area, along with Bristol’s city centre.

1 4 km0

Main Stops

Other Stops

LRT Line

Museum Kwartier

City Centre

Central Station

Hollands Spoor

Harbour

Village

Boulevard

SPATIAL PLANNINGLight Rapid Transit (LRT) option 1

cost

P+R to Boulevard

destination

total track

new on-groundtrack

new undergroundtrack

altered current track

new elevatedtrack

1 4 km0

Main Stops

Other Stops

LRT Line

Museum Kwartier

Kijkduin

City Centre

Central Station

Hollands Spoor

Harbour

Village

Boulevard

Madurodam

SPATIAL PLANNINGLight Rapid Transit (LRT) option 2

cost

P+R to Boulevard

destination

total track

new on-groundtrack



new elevatedtrack

Hollands Spoor

P+R

Central Station

1 4 km0

Museum Kwartier

City Centre

Harbour

Village

Boulevard

Main Stops

Other Stops

RRT Line On-Ground

RRT Line Underground

SPATIAL PLANNINGMetro/Rail Rapid Transit (RRT) option 1

cost

P+R to Boulevard

destination

total track

new on-groundtrack



new elevatedtrack

Kijkduin

1 4 km0

Central Station / City Centre

Hollands Spoor

Village

Boulevard

P+R

Harbour

Main Stops

Other Stops

RRT Line On-Ground


SPATIAL PLANNINGMetro/Rail Rapid Transit (RRT) option 2

cost

P+R to Boulevard

destination

total track

new on-groundtrack



new elevatedtrack

1 4 km0

Main Stops

Other Stops

LRT Line

BRT Line

Museum Kwartier

Kijkduin

City Centre

Central Station

Hollands Spoor

Harbour

Village

Boulevard

SPATIAL PLANNINGBus Rapid Transit (BRT)

+ Light Rapid Transit (LRT) option 1

cost

P+R to Boulevard

destination

total track

new on-groundtrack



new elevatedtrack

Kijkduin

Museum Kwartier

1 4 km0

City Centre

Central Station

Hollands Spoor

Harbour

Village

Boulevard

Madurodam

Main Stops

Other Stops

LRT Line

BRT Line

SPATIAL PLANNINGBus Rapid Transit (BRT)

+ Light Rapid Transit (LRT) option 2

cost

P+R to Boulevard

destination

total track

new on-groundtrack



new elevatedtrack

Hollands Spoor

P+R

Central Station

Kijkduin

1 4 km0

Museum Kwartier

City Centre

Harbour

Village

Boulevard

Main Stops

Other Stops

RRT Line On-Ground


BRT Line

SPATIAL PLANNINGBus Rapid Transit (BRT) option 3

+ Rail Rapid Transit (RRT)

cost

P+R to Boulevard

destination

total track

new on-groundtrack



new elevatedtrack

ASSESS MENT new public transport in The Hague

LRT option 1

LRT option 2

RRT option 1

RRT option 2

BRT option 1

BRT option 2

BRT option 3

spatial planningcost

(million $)P+R to Boulevard

(minute)number of

tourism destinationstotal track length

(km)

324

489.5

1,500

1,260

430.54

595.25

1,600

8.1

5.7

7.3

6.7

8.1

5.7

6.7

8

10

8

8

9

10

9

10.85

16.3

11.1

18

15.6

21

15.9

ASSESS MENT new public transport in The Hague

LRT option 1

LRT option 2

RRT option 1

RRT option 2

BRT option 1

BRT option 2

BRT option 3

10.85

16.3

0.6

0.6

4.8

4.1

4.1

4.5

15.8

4.5

6.6

2.2

6.6

spatial planningcurrent track

alteration (km)on-ground new track

(km)elevated new track

(km)underground new

track (km)

SCHEVENINGEN HARBOUR existing plan (The Hague municipality)

680-920 houses6,200 m2 commercial functionstwo museums23,000 m2 fisheries

two hotels4,000 m2 offices7,200 m2 fish-related leisure7,200 m2 beach leisure

“Although the proposal covers all potential type of developments, such as living, working, fishing, leisure and culture, the programs are too generic. Thus, this

development doesn’t support creation of distinctive place character.”

SCHEVENINGEN HARBOUR critic on the existing plan

Thus, this project will address the need of distinctivedevelopment plan in Scheveningen Harbour

WHAT’S NEXT product delivery on P3, P4 and P5

QUESTION?

p2 presentation

Design

public transport use

public transport frequency

tourism orientedmixed

tourismoriented development

new public transport

public transporthow

public transport0

world tourism organizations