oxford cambridge and rsa gcse (9–1) combined … energy in useful energy out energy dissipated 40...

Turn over© OCR 2017 Practice paperDC (LEG/CB) 162437/3

Oxford Cambridge and RSA

GCSE (9–1) Combined Science (Physics) A (Gateway Science)J250/06 Paper 6, P4–P6 and CS7 (PAGs P1–P6) (Foundation Tier)

Year 11 TestTime allowed: 1 hour 10 minutes

OCR is an exempt Charity

F

INSTRUCTIONS• Use black ink. You may use an HB pencil for graphs and diagrams.• Complete the boxes above with your name, centre number and candidate number.• Answer all the questions. • Write your answer to each question in the space provided.• Additional paper may be used if required but you must clearly show your candidate

number, centre number and question number(s).

INFORMATION• The total mark for this paper is 60.• The marks for each question are shown in brackets [ ].• Quality of extended responses will be assessed in questions marked with an

asterisk (*).• This document consists of 24 pages.

Last name

First name

Candidatenumber

Centrenumber

You must have:• a ruler (cm/mm)• the Data Sheet for GCSE Combined Science A

(Physics)

You may use:• a scientific or graphical calculator• an HB pencil

2

J250/06© OCR 2017 Practice paper

SECTION A

You should spend a maximum of 20 minutes on this section.

Answer all the questions.

1 Look at the diagram of a wave.

A

B

C D

Which letter shows the amplitude?

Your answer [1]

2 What is the typical speed of a man running?

A 1 m / s

B 4 m / s

C 25 m / s

D 50 m / s

Your answer [1]

3

J250/06 Turn over© OCR 2017 Practice paper

3 Electrical power is transferred in the national grid.

What increases the voltage before the power lines in the national grid?

A A generator

B A motor

C A transformer

D A turbine

Your answer [1]

4 Which electromagnetic wave has the longest wavelength?

A Gamma-rays

B Radio

C Ultra-violet

D Visible light

Your answer [1]

5 A student wants to keep a mug containing tea warm. He wraps a cloth around the mug.

Thermal conductivity of cloth Thickness of cloth

A High Thick

B High Thin

C Low Thick

D Low Thin

Which row of the table has the best properties for the cloth?

Your answer [1]

4


6 A car decelerates at 8 m / s2.

The mass of the car is 1000 kg.

Use the formula: force = mass × acceleration

Calculate the braking force on the car.

A 0.008 N

B 125 N

C 1250 N

D 8000 N

Your answer [1]

7 A student investigates how much energy is lost by a ball when it bounces.

She drops the ball from A and it bounces to B.

A

B

At A the ball has 8 J of potential energy.

At B the ball has 6 J of potential energy.

Which statement about energy is true?

A The ball loses 2 J of energy when it bounces.

B The ball loses 8 J of energy when it bounces.

C The ball loses 34

of its energy when it bounces.

D The ground transfers 6 J of energy to the ball when it bounces.

Your answer [1]

5


8 20 g of a radioactive isotope is used in a hospital.

After 24 hours only 10 g of the radioactive isotope is left.

What is the half-life of the radioactive isotope?

A 10 hours

B 12 hours

C 20 hours

D 24 hours

Your answer [1]

9 A spring has a spring constant of 15 N / m.

It stretches 0.2 m.

Use the formula: energy stored in stretching spring = 0.5 × spring constant × (extension)2

Calculate the energy stored in the spring.

A 0.3 J

B 0.6 J

C 1.5 J

D 3.0 J

Your answer [1]

6


10 This graph shows the energy input and energy output for an electric lamp.

0

10

20

30Energy (J)

Total energy in Useful energy out Energy dissipated

40

50

60

70

Use the formula: efficiency = useful output energy transfer / input energy transfer

Calculate the efficiency of the electric lamp.

A 0.13

B 0.52

C 0.60

D 0.87

Your answer [1]

7


BLANK PAGE

PLEASE DO NOT WRITE ON THIS PAGE

Turn over for the next question

8


SECTION B

Answer all the questions.

11 This question is about an electric shower.

An electric shower contains a pump and a heater unit to produce a fast flow of hot water.

(a) (i) The power of the electric shower is 10 kW.

Write the power of the electric shower in watts (W).

Answer = .................................................... W [1]

(ii) The 10 kW electric shower is used for 2 hours.

Use the equation: energy transferred = power × time

Calculate how much energy is transferred by the shower in kWh.

Answer = ................................................ kWh [2]

(b) The electric shower is used in the home in the UK.

Electrical energy can be transferred using a.c. or d.c.

Is a.c. or d.c. used for this shower?

Give a reason for your answer.

Type ....................................

Reason ......................................................................................................................................

.............................................................................................................................................. [1]

9


(c) The shower head has 6 light-emitting diodes (LEDs). The LEDs switch on to produce light when water flows through the shower head.

Shower head

LED

Each LED has a power rating of 0.1 W.

Look at the two statements.

Statement 1 – ‘I think the LEDs make the shower less efficient. It is better to use a shower head without LEDs.’

Statement 2 – ‘I think the LEDs have little effect on the efficiency of the shower.’

Which statement is correct?

Explain your answer.

Statement ........................ is correct.

Explanation ...............................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

.............................................................................................................................................. [1]

10


12 (a) The diagram shows a mains electric plug.

Earth

NeutralLive

(i) What is the job of the live wire?

...........................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................... [1]

(ii) What is the colour of the insulation on the earth wire?

...................................................................................................................................... [1]

(b) A tumble dryer is connected incorrectly.

The diagram shows how this tumble dryer is connected.

M

Switch FuseMetal case To neutral (N)

To live (L)

(i) State two mistakes in the way this tumble dryer is connected.

1 .........................................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................

2 .........................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................... [2]

11


(ii) An electrician corrects the mistakes in the way the tumble dryer is connected.

She then puts a 5 A fuse into the plug for the tumble dryer. The power of the tumble dryer is 2300 W. It is connected to the 230 V mains.

Use the formula: power = voltage × current

Explain why the tumble dryer does not work when it is switched on.

...........................................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................... [2]

(iii) The electrician checks the current in the neutral wire.

Complete the sentences by placing a ring around the correct word(s) in each sentence.

To check the current, the engineer uses a piece of equipment called

a voltmeter / an ohmmeter / a newton meter / an ammeter.

This piece of equipment is connected in

series / parallel. [1]

12


13* A hydroelectric power station is a renewable way to generate electricity.

DamUpper lake

Hill

Power station

Generator

Turbine

Lower lake

Describe the advantages and disadvantages of using hydroelectric power stations.

In your answer explain why countries are using more renewable sources of energy.

..........................................................................................................................................................

..........................................................................................................................................................

..........................................................................................................................................................

..........................................................................................................................................................

..........................................................................................................................................................

..........................................................................................................................................................

..........................................................................................................................................................

..........................................................................................................................................................

..........................................................................................................................................................

..........................................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................................... [6]

13


BLANK PAGE



14


14 A catapult is used to throw a ball vertically upwards into the air. The ball moves in the direction shown by the arrow.

Catapult

Ball

Rubber band

The catapult uses a stretched rubber band to transfer energy to the ball.

(a) (i) Explain what is meant by the principle of conservation of energy.

...........................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................... [1]

(ii) What type of energy is stored by the catapult just before the catapult releases the ball?

...................................................................................................................................... [1]

(b) The ball reaches a height of 3 m above the catapult.

The mass of the ball is 0.1 kg.

Use the formula: potential energy = mass × gravitational field strength × height

Calculate the gain in potential energy of the ball.

The gravitational field strength (g) = 10 N / kg.

Answer = ....................................................... J [2]

15


(c) Two students do the experiment with the catapult.

One holds the catapult, the other measures the height gained by the ball.

The catapult is used once.

The value for the height of the ball is not accurate.

You can get better results if you choose the right method.

(i) Suggest why it is difficult to measure the height gained by the ball.

...........................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................... [1]

(ii) Suggest one way to improve the measurement of the height.

...........................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................... [1]

16


15 (a) A science teacher drives her car along a road outside a school. She presses the brakes. The car slows and stops.

(i) The teacher’s students want to measure the deceleration of the car.

Describe how they do this.

...........................................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................... [2]

(ii) One student suggests making a video of the car as it slows and stops.

Explain why this is a good idea.

...........................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................... [1]

(b) The diagram shows part of the car’s journey.

16 m / s 2 m / sTime taken = 7 s

The change in velocity of the car is 14 m / s.

Use the formula: acceleration = change in velocity / time

Calculate the deceleration of the car.

Answer = ............................................... m / s2 [2]

17


(c) The teacher drives her car again. She starts the car from rest (0 m / s) and:

• Accelerates uniformly to 12 m / s in 7 seconds

• Then stays at a velocity of 12 m / s for 8 seconds

• Then decelerates uniformly to a stop in 5 seconds.

(i) Use the graph paper to plot a velocity-time graph for the journey.

Choose appropriate scales for your graph.

Speed (m / s)

Time (s)

00

[3]

18


(ii) Use the formula: kinetic energy = 0.5 × mass × speed2

Calculate the kinetic energy of the car and teacher after 10 seconds.

The mass of the car and teacher is 1200 kg.

Answer = ...................................................... J [2]

(iii) State two factors that could change the braking distance of the car.

1 .........................................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................

2 .........................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................... [2]

19


BLANK PAGE



20


16 In 1911, Rutherford proposed a new theory about the structure of the atom. His theory was developed from experimental work by Geiger and Marsden.

(a) They directed high speed alpha particles towards a very thin piece of gold foil.

Alphasource

Path ofalpha particles

Thin gold foil

Detector foralpha particles

(i) Suggest why the gold foil must be very thin.

...........................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................... [1]

(ii) The path of some of the alpha particles is changed by the nuclei of the gold atoms in the gold foil.

Results from the experiment showed that the nuclei of the gold atoms are positively charged and not negatively charged.

The arrow on each diagram shows the direction an alpha particle moves as it comes near to a gold nucleus. One nucleus is shown positive, the other is shown negative.

Complete each diagram to show the path an alpha particle would take as it gets closer to each gold nucleus.

Alphaparticle

Gold nucleus

Alphaparticle

If nucleus is positive (+) If nucleus is negative (–)

Gold nucleus

[2]

21


(b) A teacher says ‘an alpha particle is a fully ionised helium atom.’

Explain what the term ionised means.

...................................................................................................................................................

.............................................................................................................................................. [1]

(c) A student thinks the gold foil is contaminated by the alpha particles.

Is the student correct? Explain your answer.

...................................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

.............................................................................................................................................. [1]

22


17 This question is about waves.

(a) Two boys are looking at a leaf floating on a pond.

Boy A drops stones in the water to make water waves.

Boy B makes sound waves by shouting across the pond.

Boy A Boy B

(i) Describe the types of waves that boy A and boy B make.

Use ideas about transverse and longitudinal waves.

...........................................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................... [2]

(ii) Boy A says ‘the wave travels not the water.’

Describe some evidence to show that boy A is correct.

...........................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................... [1]

(b) Gamma rays can be used to treat brain tumours. Care is taken to focus the gamma-ray beams on the tumour to limit the exposure time.

Explain why.

...................................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

.............................................................................................................................................. [2]

23


(c) The graph shows how the frequency of X-ray waves changes with wavelength.

2.00.0 0.2

Wavelength (10–10 m)

Frequency (1018 Hz)

0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0

3.0

4.0

5.0

6.0

7.0

8.0

(i) What trend does the graph show?

...........................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................... [1]

(ii) Use the graph and the formula: wave speed = frequency × wavelength

Calculate the speed of X-rays with a wavelength of 0.60 × 10–10 m.

Answer = .................................................. m/s [3]

END OF QUESTION PAPER

24


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