overview of us activities toward a future circular collider
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Overview of US Activities toward a Future Circular Collider. Stuart Henderson FCC Kickoff Meeting February 12, 2014. Thanks to Vladimir Shiltsev , Giorgio Apollinari , Lance Cooley. If you would understand anything, observe its beginning and its development - Aristotle. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
Overview of US Activities toward a Future Circular ColliderStuart HendersonFCC Kickoff MeetingFebruary 12, 2014
Thanks to Vladimir Shiltsev, Giorgio Apollinari, Lance Cooley
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If you would understand anything, observe its beginning and its development - Aristotle
Feb. 12 2014S. Henderson | FCC Kickoff Meeting
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US Collider Activities – Selected Milestones
Feb. 12 2014S. Henderson | FCC Kickoff Meeting
PROTON COLLIDER ACTIVITIES IN THE US
TIMELINE
PROJECT DETAILS
ICFA WORKSHOP AT FERMILAB
ICFA WORKSHOP AT CERN
CORNELL 20 TEV COLLIDER MEETING
SUPERCONDUCTING SUPERCOLLIDER CONCEPT
TEVATRON COMMISSIONED
FIRST P-PBAR COLLISIONS IN TEVATRON
SSC DESIGN STUDY COMPLETED
SSC SITE SELECTED
SSC CANCELLED
VLHC CONCEPT AT SNOWMASS
RHIC TURNS ON
VLHC DESIGN REPORT
TEVATRON COLLIDER RUN II STARTS
LHC STARTUP
TEVATRON SHUTDOWN
SNOWMASS 2013
FCC KICKOFF
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Superconducting Super Collider
87 km, 20 TeV + 20 TeV proton-proton, L ~1033 cm-2 sec-1
• 1982: emerged from Snowmass study
• 1986: design study complete• 1988: Texas site selected and
construction began• 1993: Project terminated after
spending $2B• Seventeen shafts were sunk and
23 km (14.6 mi) of tunnel were bored
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SSC Parameters
Circumference 87 kmEnergy per beam 20 TeVMagnetic field 6.6 TInjection energy 2 TeVLuminosity 1033 cm-2 sec-1
Ndipole (long/shrt) 7956/504
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CDFDØ
Tevatron
Main Injector\Recycler
Antiprotonsource
Proton source
Tevatron Collider
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Tevatron Developments
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Shiltsev 8
Total delivered 12 fb-1 to each detector; peak record 4.3e32 cm-2 s-1 Tevatron Performance: 1992 - 2012
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Very Large Hadron Collider: Two Stage Concept
233km tunnel Stage 1: 20+20 TeV p-p
Superferric magnets 2TTevatron as injector1034 luminosity
Stage 2: 100+100 TeVSC magnets 12TStage 1 as injector
Stage X: VLLC150-800 GeV e+e-?
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VLHC Parameters
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Stage 1 Stage 2Total Circumference (km) 233 233Center-of-Mass Energy (TeV) 40 200Number of interaction regions 2 2Peak luminosity (cm-2s-1) 1 x 1034 2.0 x 1034
Dipole field at collision energy (T) 2 11.2Average arc bend radius (km) 35.0 35.0Initial Number of Protons per Bunch 2.6 x 1010 5.4 x 109
Bunch Spacing (ns) 18.8 18.8* at collision (m) 0.3 0.5Free space in the interaction region (m) ± 20 ± 30Interactions per bunch crossing at Lpeak 21 55Debris power per IR (kW) 6 94Synchrotron radiation power (W/m/beam) 0.03 5.7Average power use (MW) for collider ring 25 100
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VLHC Development Activities
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VLHC Issues: Cost, Photon Stops and IR for 200TeVBeam dynamics at 20 TeV
Stage 1 Magnet Development: super-ferric transmission line
Stage 2 Magnet
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What’s Next?
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US LHC Involvement
The US HEP Community plays a substantial role in the scientific productivity of the LHC• Substantial US involvement in the construction of detectors and the
accelerator– The US contributed $164 million to the construction of the ATLAS detector and $167
million to the construction of the CMS detector. – The US contributed $200 million to the construction of the Large Hadron Collider.
• Approximately 2,000 scientists, students, engineers and technicians from 96 US institutions participate in the LHC.
– 23 percent of the ATLAS , and 33 percent of CMS collaboration members come from American institutions
– Since 2008, the work on the ATLAS and CMS experiments resulted in about 230 doctorate degrees for US students.
• The United States provides 23 percent of the computing power for the ATLAS experiment and 40 percent of the computing power for the CMS experiment.
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Potential US Involvement in HL-LHC: LARP• The US is formulating plans for contributions to the upgrade of the LHC
Accelerator and Detectors• Several candidate scope elements have been under development• Process of convergence among CERN-DOE-U.S. Labs-LARP initiated in
Dec ‘2012• Initial consensus on core priorities which makes good use of US
accelerator expertise, and which makes critical contributions to LHC luminosity:– Committed to a major stake in 150 mm aperture Nb3Sn IR quads– Crab cavities up to the SPS test and possibly beyond to production– High bandwidth feedback was seen as a high impact contribution for modest
resources.• Back up options:
– 11 T dipoles• Proper “hand-off” if not continued in US
– Hollow electron beams for halo removal• Support some modest R&D into this effort in the event that circumstances allow its inclusion
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US Planning Process: A Play In Three Acts
• Dept. of Energy Scientific Facilities Panel (Dec. 2012-Feb 2013)– Assessment of facilities which could be constructed in the next
decade • Community Summer Study, aka “Snowmass” (Aug 2013)
sponsored by American Physical Society– Community evaluation of scientific opportunities and strategic
goals• Particle Physics Project Prioritization Panel (P5)
– Official advisory body to the Department of Energy to articulate priorities for High Energy Physics under three budget scenarios
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Snowmass (from the Executive Summary)
Several strategic goals have emerged from the Snowmass study.• Probe the highest possible energies and distance scales with the existing
and upgraded LHC and reach for even higher precision with a lepton collider; study the properties of the Higgs boson in full detail.
• Develop technologies for the long-term future to build multi-TeV lepton colliders and 100 TeV hadron colliders.
• Execute a program with the U.S. as host that provides precision tests of the neutrino sector with an underground detector; search for new physics in quark and lepton decays in conjunction with precision measurements of electric dipole and anomalous magnetic moments.
• Identify the particles that make up dark matter through complementary experiments deep underground, on the Earth's surface, and in space, and determine the properties of the dark sector.
• Map the evolution of the universe to reveal the origin of cosmic inflation, unravel the mystery of dark energy, and determine the ultimate fate of the cosmos.
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Snowmass (from the Executive Summary)
The Snowmass study identified, in particular, the promise of a 100 TeV-class hadron collider (VLHC), which would provide a large step in energy with great potential for new insights into electroweak symmetry breaking and dark matter. The feasibility of such a machine should be clarified through renewed accelerator R&D and physics studies over the next decade.
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Particle Physics Project Prioritization Panel (P5)
The P5 Process began in September and is expected to conclude by Spring, addressing the following charge:
“…develop an updated strategic plan for U.S. HEP that can be executed over a 10 year timescale, in the context of a 20-year global vision for the field.”
“…examine current, planned, and proposed US research capabilities and assess their role and potential for scientific advancement; assess their uniqueness and relative scientific impact in the international context; and estimate the time and resources…needed to achieve their goals.”
“…provide recommendations on the priorities for an optimized high energy physics program over the next ten years (FY14-23), under…three scenarios.”
“…provide a detailed perspective on whether and how the pursuit of possible major international partnerships (such as LHC upgrades, Japanese-hosted ILC, LBNE, etc.) might fit into the program you recommend…”
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Technology for Future Colliders• US has developed and nurtured a very strong high-field magnet R&D program
through DOE/HEP– Nb3Sn conductor development program– High-field magnet program for developing accelerator magnets
• High Field Magnet and LARP programs have brought Nb3Sn accelerator magnet technology to the deployment stage for HiLumi
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High Field QuadrupoleSQXF/LQXF1 m / 4 m long150 mm bore
11T Dipole
Long Quadrupole LQS
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Technology for Future Colliders• Nb3Sn development lays the
groundwork for 15T Dipoles• Active R&D is underway to extend
reach beyond 15 T with HTS
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Bi-2212 after 100-bar HT
16 T
20 T
• Extensive development of SCRF technology and capabilities over the last decade, required for e+e- collider conceptsD. Larbalestier et. al.
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Finally, regarding future U.S. involvement: my views
• There is broad acknowledgement that any future collider will need to be a global enterprise, requiring resources (financial, human) from across the globe
• The U.S. community wants to play a role in any future collider– There are several “grass-roots” activities domestically
• We are concentrating now on making HiLumi a success• …and appreciate that the next collider will require considerable
effort in design, R&D and garnering support• The U.S. community has invested in the critical technologies that
will be needed and sees R&D toward future colliders as a high priority
• A collaborative focus on magnet and SCRF technologies, and the beam dynamics aspects of large hadron and lepton colliders aligns well with US expertise at the national labs and universities
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