Outlining the SRT TSI now and in the future

Torben Holvad

8th Annual Fire Protection and Safety in Tunnels Conference, 6-8th September 2016, Stavanger, Norway

Some key facts about the European Union Agency for Railways

› Location: Valenciennes (F)

› Founded by Regulation (EC) 881/2004 (now repealed by Regulation 2016/796)

› Approx. 150 staff

› Underlying EU Directives: Interoperability, Safety, Train Driver’s

› Executive Director: Josef Doppelbauer

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What we are doing when « making the railway system work better for society »

Customers/stakeholders Agency outputs Strategic priorities

Removing Technical

Barriers

Harmonised

Safety Framework

Single EU Train

Control and Com-

munication System

Simplified

Access for

Customers

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2

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Developing EU rules for Interoperability* Common EU Safety Methods

Databases and registers

Facilitating/Dissemination

Monitoring/Reporting

EC + DG MOVE

Member States / RISC

EU Parliament

Railway Undertakings

Infrastructure Managers

Manufacturers

National Safety Authorities

National Investigation Bodies

*TSIs

M

F

D

Improve the competitive position of railways

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4th Railway Package/Technical Pillar: New Tasks for the Agency

For area of use/operation in more than one Member State (MS), the Agency will:

• Grant Single Safety Certificates

• Issue Vehicle Authorisations

Collaboration with National Safety Authorities (NSAs)

Area of use/operation limited to one MS: applicant has choice to address the file to either the NSA or the Agency (but: every application has to go through the Agency’s OSS)

The Agency will also verify that ERTMS trackside technical solutions are fully compliant with the relevant TSIs, in order to ensure an harmonized implementation of ERTMS

Effective 3 years after the entry into force of the Fourth Railway Package (i.e. in 2019)

N.B: Member States may extend the transposition period by 1 year

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The Legacy of Fragmentation

The legacy of national monopolies with national rules means that where rail could be most competitive (Long distance freight and medium distance high speed passenger) fragmentation undermines rail’s competitive position

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Focus on four directions

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• Fighting fragmentation through improved EU-wide regulation and processes

• Providing a global reference through enhanced technical harmonisation

• A strengthened market orientation based on the principles of cooperation and competitive operation

• A customer driven approach, exploiting to the highest extent possible the innovation and digital technologies

Directive 96/48: Interoperability on the High Speed TEN

Directive 2001/16: Interoperability on the Conventional TEN

Directive 2004/49 (Safety Directive) establishing the NSAs and shared responsibilities RU/IM

Directive 2004/50 modifying 96/48 and 2001/16

Directive 2008/57/EC on the Interoperability of the Rail System within the Community (covering both HS and CR and extended to the whole of the European Network)

EU Directives for technical harmonisation

DIRECTIVE (EU) 2016/797 – 4th Railway Package 7

TSI – Technical Specification for Interoperability

Technical specifications for interoperability (TSIs) are European

legislative documents, superseding national

legislation on the topics they address.

TSIs set out requirements to

subsystems (e.g. Train) and interoperability

constituents (e.g. Pantograph).

TSIs define the interfaces between the different subsystems to

ensure their compatibility.

TSIs apply to new subsystems and

conditionally to the upgrade and renewal of

existing subsystems.

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A transversal TSI

Structural

LOC& PAS

WAG NOI

PRM

SRT

ENE

INF CCS

Transversal Functional

TAF

TAP

OPE

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Technical Specification for Interoperability

relating to

‘Safety in Railway Tunnels’

A TSI under two umbrellas

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• The objective of the SRT TSI is to harmonise the basic parameters for safety in railway tunnels, whilst maintaining the current levels of safety

• ‘…to define a coherent set of tunnel specific measures for the infrastructure, energy, rolling stock, control-command and signalling and operation subsystems, thus delivering an optimal level of safety in tunnels in the most cost-efficient way’

• ‘It shall permit free movement of vehicles which are in compliance with this TSI to run under harmonised safety conditions in railway tunnels’

Safety in Railway Tunnels (SRT) TSI - purpose

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Safety and Interoperability

The existing safety level shall not be reduced in a country as stipulated in the Safety Directive (Art 4.1). Member States can retain more stringent requirements, as long as these requirements do not prevent the operation of TSI compliant trains. Member States can prescribe new and more stringent requirements for specific tunnels in accordance with the Safety Directive (Art 8); such requirements shall be notified to the Commission before they are introduced. Such higher requirements must be based on a risk analysis and must be justified by a particular risk situation. They shall be the result of a consultation of the Infrastructure Manager and of the relevant authorities for emergency response, and they shall be subject to a cost-benefit assessment.

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SRT TSI - scope

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Scope dimension

Provisions

Scope related to tunnels

TSI applies to new, renewed and upgraded tunnels which are located on the European Union rail network

Scope related to rolling stock

TSI applies to new, renewed and upgraded rolling stock of the European Union

Scope related to operational aspects

TSI applies to the operation of all units of rolling stock which are running in tunnels (see scope for tunnels)

Risk scope Specific risks to the safety of passengers and on-board staff in tunnels. Risks for people in the neighbourhood of a tunnel where collapse of the structure could have catastrophic consequences

Geographical scope

Trans-European conventional rail system network; Trans-European high-speed rail system network; Other parts of the network of the whole rail system following the extension of scope

Exemptions TSI will not apply to: metros, trams and other light rail systems; networks that are functionally separate from the rest of the network; privately owned infrastructure + vehicles … solely for the use of the owner; infrastructure and vehicles reserved for a strictly local, historical or touristic use

Chapter Content

1. Introduction: technical scope, geographical scope

2. Definition of aspect / scope: general, risk scenarios, the role of emergency response services, definitions

3. Essential requirements: basic parameters and their correspondence to the essential requirements (safety, reliability / availability, health, environmental protection, technical compatibility)

4. Characterisation of subsystem: functional and technical specifications of the subsystems, functional and technical specifications of the interfaces, operating rules, maintenance rules, professional qualifications, health and safety conditions, registers

5. Interoperability constituents: None

6. Assessment of conformity and/or suitability for use of the constituents and verification of the subsystem

7. Implementation: Application of this TSI to new subsystems, application of this TSI to subsystems already in service, specific cases

SRT TSI – structure

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Milestone Timing

1st version of SRT TSI entered into force 01/07/2008

Mandate from Commission to develop and review TSIs 29/04/2010

Revised SRT TSI received positive vote in RISC 24/10/2013

SRT TSI Application guide published 28/05/2014

Revised SRT TSI entered into force 01/01/2015

SRT TSI - timeline

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SRT TSI in practice: principles for implementation

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• New tunnels

– TSI is in principle applicable to all new infrastructure in its scope (with exception of projects at an advanced stage of development)

• New rolling stock

– For new rolling stock, the implementation rules of the LOC&PAS TSI shall be applied: the TSI is mandatory except in case of projects falling under provisions for transition phase, OTMs or 1520 mm system

• Upgrade and renewal measures for tunnels

– Member States shall decide to which extent this TSI needs to be applied to upgrade and renewal projects considering the extent to which modifications of the basic parameters affect the overall safety level of the infrastructure system

• Upgrade and renewal of rolling stock

– In case of renewal or upgrade of existing rolling stock, the implementation rules set out in the LOC&PAS TSI shall be applied. In particular, Member States use a series of principles to determine the application of the TSI, incl. that a new assessment against the TSI requirements is only needed for the basic parameters whose performance have been affected by the modifications

Project at an advanced stage of development’ means any project for which the planning or construction stage of which has reached a point where a change in the technical specifications may compromise the viability of the project as planned

SRT TSI in practice: application examples

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• Gotthard base tunnel (CH); route length 57 km; 2 single track tubes; opened June 2016 and in full service from December 2016 – The safety concept is based on the principle that in case of an incident inside

the tunnel to drive the train out of the tunnel. If this is not possible the transverse galleries provide rescue to the pressurized neighbour single-track tube

– Lighting and markings for escape and evacuation; installations to ensure communications; increased availability requirements for all components and elements in the tunnel; permanent checking of conditions

– Rolling stock & operational measures as well as provisions re. personnel

• Koralm (AT); route length 32,9 km; 2 single track tubes; expected to be operational 2022 – Requirements from original SRT TSI with 1 additional safety measure:

– 1 emergency station in the centre of the tunnel due to total length more than 20 km (in the new SRT TSI this would correspond to the so-called fire fighting point)

Road tunnel safety: current background

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• Tunnel accidents involving fires: Mont-Blanc (1999), Tauern (1999) & St Gotthard (2001)

• UNECE Working Party on Road Traffic Safety formed in 1999 of group of experts to develop “recommendations for minimum requirements concerning safety in tunnels of various types and lengths” – Group of expert presented in December 2001 its recommendations on road users, tunnel operation,

infrastructure and vehicles

• OECD & PIARC (World Road Association) study from 2001 on the transport of dangerous

goods through road tunnels

• European Union Directive on minimum safety requirements for road tunnels incorporates many of the previously developed recommendations (see next slide)

• PIARC Manual on Road Tunnels (incl. safety)

• UPTUN (Cost-effective, Sustainable and Innovative Upgrading Methods for Fire Safety in Existing Tunnels) project

Source: OECD (2006) Norway: Tunnel Safety, OECD Studies in Risk Management

Directive 2004/54/EC on minimum safety requirements for tunnels in the trans-European road network

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• Directive applies to tunnels of more than 500 meters, located in the trans-European network

• Identifies different levels of responsibility: central supervisory authority, tunnel manager, safety officer

• Risk approach to safety regulations: introduction of measures has to take into consideration infrastructure, operations, users and vehicles

• Minimum safety measures regarding infrastructures and operations: to ensure a homogenous safety level and harmonised installations for external users

• Requirements concern in particular: tunnel geometry, structural issues, equipment, personnel training, preparedness and emergency plans, accident management

• Harmonised tunnel signing system

• Regular organisation of information campaigns

• By 2019, more than 1300 kms of main road tunnels will have been upgraded to meet the highest safety standards in accordance with the Directive