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10.12.2009

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ThyssenKrupp Steel Europe

The Future of SteelBasic Principles and General Lessons

Dr. Gunnar Still, Corporate Coordinator Environment and

Climate

Dr. Hans-Jörn Weddige, Head of Corporate Climate Policies

10.12.2009


Future of Steel is governed by rules, regulations and restrictions

Steel Making does not exist isolated and independent. It is governed by many laws, rules, regulations and restrictions

• Physical laws and technological boundaries

• Legal framework

• Market restrictions and trade rules

• Social framework

Governments and society must make informed decisions on where and how to sensibly add extra rules and restrictions.

Successful steel making requires to operate within these frames and continue to explore new sustainable ways forward.

Fe2O3 & C => Fe & CO2

10.12.2009

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Sources for Steel Making – Iron Ore and Scrap

Iron Ore Supplies

• Physically plentiful

• Commercially increasingly restricted

- National export controls

- Consolidation and Monopolisation of Iron Ore Market

• Rio Tinto – BHP Billiton

Scrap as a substitute is used to its fullest potential

• 40 year average return time

Steel industry in 2050 will still depend on both inputs.

• Availability must be ensured

• Quality issues need to be addressed

Fe2O3 & C => Fe & CO2


CO2 and Climate Change – Impact of and on Steelmaking

Steelmaking is a major source of anthropogenic CO2

Major R&D efforts

• ULCOS: Collaboration of major steel companies (ArcelorMittal, Corus, ThyssenKrupp, etc.)

- Industrial implementability not yet clear

- Huge technical and economic uncertainties in up-scaling

- Natural replacement rate of equipmentmeasures in decades

CCS – a solution or a dead end?

• CO2 does not disappear

CCR – ideas for a true future?

Fe2O3 & C => Fe & CO2

ULCOS I

ULCOS II a) & b)

10.12.2009

3


Carbon and the Future of Steelmaking

Coal availability

• Quality of coals

• Availability of coking coals

Biomass as an alternative?

• Historic lessons in Europe disastrous

• Quantity issue

• Logistic barriers

Future reducing agents

• Hydrogen, Electrons, ?

Fe2O3 & C => Fe & CO2


Steel – Reason and Measure for our Activities

Alternative Materials as a solution?

• No!

• OK, yes; but they will mostly be new steels…

Future of Steel Demand

• Continuing Demand Increase (all materials 2-3 x)

• Shifting of Demand (Asia today, Africa ?)

• Increased Pressure from Costumers and Users

Future of Steel Use

• Products and Lifestyles will change, but still requires “stuff”

• Steel will remain the industrial backbone of the post-modern society

Fe2O3 & C => Fe & CO2

10.12.2009

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Framework Conditions required for successful solutions

Steelmaking does not happen on its own, but needs favourable conditions.

• Technical understanding

• Economic attractiveness

• Legal operating conditions

Globalisation is not threat but working reality.

• Global industry needs global level-playing fields

Political and societal acceptance of steel industry as foundation for a sustainable future is key.

Human Resource might be our overwhelming challenge of the next decades.

Fe2O3 & C => Fe & CO2


Stahl bridges the gaps

to a climate friendly

sustainable future!

Heat-treated heavy plate for high performance applications

Mobile Cranes: Relation Lifting Capacity to Weight in use raised

to 8:1

Grain-orientated Electrical Steel for effective energy generation

Efficiency up to 99%

generator

transformer

electrical motor

structural

material for

infrastructure

Functional material:

only steel can transform

motion in electricity

and vice versa

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