organizing the elements - mr. walk's homepagemrwalk.com/chapter 6/section 6.1 - organizing...

© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

Slide

1 of 28

6.1 Organizing the Elements

In a self-service store, the products are grouped according to similar characteristics. With a logical classification system, finding and comparing products is easy. You will learn how elements are arranged in the periodic table and what that arrangement reveals about the elements.


Organizing the Elements >

Slide

2 of 28

Searching For an Organizing Principle

Searching For an Organizing Principle

How did chemists begin to organize the

known elements?

6.1

of 28


Organizing the Elements > Searching For an Organizing Principle

Chemists used the properties of elements

to sort them into groups.

6.1

of 28


Organizing the Elements > Searching For an Organizing Principle

Chlorine, bromine, and iodine have very

similar chemical properties.

6.1



Slide

5 of 28

Mendeleev’s Periodic Table

Mendeleev’s Periodic Table

How did Mendeleev organize his

periodic table?

6.1

of 28


Organizing the Elements > Mendeleev’s Periodic Table

Mendeleev arranged the elements in his

periodic table in order of increasing

atomic mass.

The periodic table can be used to predict the

properties of undiscovered elements.

6.1

of 28


Organizing the Elements > Mendeleev’s Periodic Table

An Early Version of Mendeleev’s Periodic Table

6.1



Slide

8 of 28

The Periodic Law

The Periodic Law

How is the modern periodic table

organized?

6.1

of 28


Organizing the Elements > The Periodic Law

In the modern periodic table, elements

are arranged in order of increasing

atomic number.

6.1

of 28


Organizing the Elements > The Periodic Law

The periodic law:When elements are arranged in order of increasing atomic number, there is a periodic repetition of their physical and chemical properties.

• The properties of the elements within a period change as you move across a period from left to right.

• The pattern of properties within a period repeats as you move from one period to the next.

6.1



Slide

11 of 28

Metals, Nonmetals, and Metalloids

Metals, Nonmetals, and Metalloids

What are three broad classes of

elements?

6.1


Slide

12 of 28

Organizing the Elements > Metals, Nonmetals, and Metalloids

Metals, Metalloids, and Nonmetals in the Periodic Table

6.1

of 28



Metals

Metals are good conductors of heat and electric

current.

• 80% of elements are metals.

•Metals have a high luster, are ductile, and are malleable.

6.1

of 28



Uses of Iron, Copper, and Aluminum

6.1

of 28



Nonmetals

In general, nonmetals are poor conductors of heat and electric current.

•Most nonmetals are gases at room temperature.

•A few nonmetals are solids, such as sulfur and phosphorus.

•One nonmetal, bromine, is a dark-red liquid.

6.1

of 28



Metalloids

A metalloid generally has properties that are

similar to those of metals and nonmetals.

The behavior of a metalloid can be controlled by

changing conditions.

6.1

of 28



If a small amount of boron is mixed with silicon,

the mixture is a good conductor of electric

current. Silicon can be cut into wafers, and used

to make computer chips.

6.1

organizing the elements - mr. walk's homepagemrwalk.com/chapter 6/section 6.1 - organizing...

Documents