Organization of the disaster relief and prevention system in EU

Prof. Dr. Milan KONECNY EU Expert, former president

of ICA and ISDE, Masaryk University, Brno

Czech Republic

October 21 2015, CAG Beijing P.R. China

It is permanently developing process in different EU countries and all EU influenced by political (immigrants), economical situation, types and impact of disasters, level of awareness of its importance and also key global documents:

Hyogo, Sendai, Global Development Goals, etc.

Very important role of Information and Communication Technologies (Copernicus and INSPIRE).

Importance of Civil Proteection.

Origin of Civil Protection

The concept emerged in Europe in the early 1980s and followed the establishment of two parallel initiatives in France and Italy dealing with disaster mitigation.

As early as 1980, France established the

Plan d’Exposition aux Risques, a national programme to assess the geophysical environment and map natural and man-made hazards, examining the level of risk they posed to the public.

In Italy, three groups of

the National Research Council were given the task of assessing the level of risk posed by floods, landslides, volcanic activity and earthquakes,

and of developing technical policiesfor risk mitigation.

The Structure, Role and Mandate of Civil Protectionin Disaster Risk Reduction for South Eastern Europe (book)

The review presented here was undertaken within the scope of the SouthEastern Europe Disaster Risk Mitigation and Adaptation Programme(SEEDRMAP), which is a collaborative initiative developed by the WorldBank and the United Nations International Strategy for Disaster ReductionSecretariat (UNISDR) in cooperation with a number of international andregional partners. Among them: the European Commission (EC); Councilof Europe (European and Mediterranean Major Hazards Agreement);Regional Coordination Council for South Eastern Europe (RCC SEE);Disaster Preparedness and Prevention Initiative for South EasternEurope (DPPI SEE); and United Nations partners including the WorldMeteorological Organization (WMO), the United Nations Office for theCoordination of Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA) and the United Nations

Disaster risk reduction (DRR) is a broad and cross-cutting issue which requires political commitment and public understandingto achieve.

It aims to lessen the vulnerability of people and property to the adverse impact of hazards.

Realizing: requirement of systematic efforts to analyse and manage the causal factors of disasters, including through reduced exposure to hazards, wise management, the establishment of solid early warning systems, etc.

… and improved preparedness for adverse events.

It implies the involvement of different actors, ranging

from community-based organisations to national governmental agencies and regional and international bodies.

The areas in which such transnational cooperation would be of most value are:

• Vulnerability information, including detailed maps and models charting the numbers of human settlements and installations exposed to risk; etc.

• Trans-boundary monitoring systems updated or even rebuilt using specifications similar to those of Civil Protection organisations of the EU case studies.

• Trans-boundary early-warning systems, established adopting specifications similar to those of Civil Protection organisations of the EU case studies.

• Strengthened capacity building of technical and scientific bodies and enhanced communication between scientific bodies and Civil Protection sectors.

Humanitarian Aid & Civil Protection (ECHO)

Provides for a well-coordinated effective and efficient response as a result of pooling the resources of Member States.

Saves human and financial resources by avoiding a duplication of efforts and ensuring that the assistance meets the real needs of the affected country.

Helps to prepare for and avoid disasters by raising awareness, trainings, exchanging experts and conducting simulation exercises.

Between 2001 until September 2015, the EU Civil Protection Mechanism has been activated more than 226 times following requests for assistance.

The EU Civil Protection Mechanism

was established in 2001.

Cooperation among national civil protection authorities across Europe.

Includes all 28 EU Member States

(plus Iceland, Montenegro, Norway, Serbia, and the former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia; recently also Turkey)

The EU Civil Protection Mechanism Consists of:

- Operational centre,

- Recipient countries,

- European Emergency Response Capacity (EERC),

- Supplementary activities.

Operational centre

The operational hub of the Mechanism is the Emergency Response Coordination Centre (ERCC) which monitors emergencies around the globe 24/7, and coordinates the response of the participating countries in case of a crisis.

the ERCC teams are ready to intervene at short notice both within and outside the EU.

Recipient countries

Any country in the world can call on the EU Civil Protection Mechanism for help. Since its launch in 2001, the EU Civil Protection Mechanism has monitored over 300 disasters and has received more than 180 requests for assistance.

Examples: the earthquake in Haiti (2010), the triple-disaster in Japan (2011), typhoon Haiyan in Philippines (2013), the floods in Serbia and Bosnia and Herzegovina (2014), the Ebola outbreak (2014), the conflict in Ukraine (2014), the earthquake in Nepal (2015), and the displacement crisis in Europe (2015).

European Emergency Response Capacity (EERC)

The EERC consists of a voluntary pool of resources to be used to respond to emergencies, which are pre-committed by the countries participating in the EU Civil Protection Mechanism.

The voluntary pool allows for a more predictable, faster and reliable EU response to disasters. It is also intended to facilitate better planning and coordination at European and national levels (Ebola cases).

Supplementary activities

Marine pollution emergencies, where it works closely with the European Maritime Safety Agency (EMSA).

When the crisis occurs in developing countries, civil protection assistance typically goes hand in hand with EU humanitarian aid.

Also training, monitoring tools, improvement of disaster information, encouraging research to promote disaster resilience, and reinforcing early warning tools.

People-Centred Early Warning Systems

The objective : - to empower individuals and communities threatened by hazards to act in sufficient time and in an appropriate manner

so as to reduce the possibility of personal injury, loss of life, damage to property and the environment and of livelihoods.

To be effective, early warning systems must be people-centred and must integrate four elements :1. knowledge of the risks faced; 2. technical monitoring and warning service;

3. dissemination of meaningful warnings to those at risk; and

4. public awareness and preparedness to act. Failure in any one of these elements can mean failure of

the whole early warning system.

Disaster risk reduction projects

EU-FIREAcoustic sensor

EU-FIREAcoustic sensor

OASISOperations, C3

OASISOperations, C3

ORCHESTRAArchitecture ontologies

ORCHESTRAArchitecture ontologies

CHORISTemergency communications

CHORISTemergency communications

WINInformation services

WINInformation services

SANYIn-situ monitoring

SANYIn-situ monitoring

OSIRIScrisis monitoring

OSIRIScrisis monitoring

WISECOMsatcom

WISECOMsatcom

U2010PSC& IPv6

U2010PSC& IPv6

DyvineVisual sensors

DyvineVisual sensors

InterRiskMarine risks

InterRiskMarine risks

WINSOCadvanced sensors

WINSOCadvanced sensors

SCIERSensor fusion

SCIERSensor fusion

STARRSSearch& rescue

STARRSSearch& rescue

StreamHumanitarian

StreamHumanitarian

MONITORING SYSTEMS INFORMATION SYSTEMS

PUBLIC SAFETY TELECOM

Command ControlCoordination

EUROPCOMUWB

EUROPCOMUWB

MITRAtransport

MITRAtransport

INTAMAPAutomated mapping

INTAMAPAutomated mapping

ERMAAlert

ERMAAlert

EuritrackIllicit trafficking

EuritrackIllicit trafficking

WarmerWater monitoring

WarmerWater monitoring

DEWSTsunami

DEWSTsunami

Former GMES – Global Monitoring of Environment and Security)

The Copernicus Emergency Management Service supports actors dealing with natural disasters, man-made emergency situations, and humanitarian crises as well as those involved in preparedness and recovery activities.

The service improves people’s safety and helps to prevent loss of lives and/ or property by improving the effectiveness of preparedness, prevention, disaster risk reduction and resilience activities, in particular through the provision of early warning services for floods and fires.

Overall GMES objectives

EARTH OBSERVINGSYSTEMS

(space, airborne, in-situ)

PUBLICPOLICIES

(Environment &

Security)

Information

Needs(policy driven)

Space AgenciesIn-situ Observing systems

Scientific CommunityEO Value Adding Industry

National Governments and AgenciesEuropean Union Institutions

Inter-Governmental Organisations (IGOs) Non Governmental Organisations (NGOs)

to provide information services to policy-makers and other users

Virginia PUZZOLO, EC DG Enterprise-GMES Burreau, Prague Symposium, 2009

The Copernicus programme supports the protection of the environment and the efforts of Civil Protection and civil security, and contributes to European participation in global initiatives.

Copernicus offers six different service lines:

Emergency Management, Atmosphere Monitoring, Marine Environment Monitoring, Land Monitoring, Climate Change, and services for Security applications.

The Copernicus Emergency Management Service (EMS) provides actors

with timely and accurate geo-spatial information derived from satellite-based remote sensing complemented by available in situ (non-space) or open source data.

As an EU service, the EMS’s first priority is responding to national or cross-border disasters in Europe and large-scale disasters outside of the EU.

The Copernicus Emergency Management Service (EMS) has two main components:

- Early Warning, EW component strengthens the preparedness of national and local authorities for floods and forest fires, and

- Mapping, as well as a dedicated component for the validation of the mapping products.

The EMS Mapping Service

is provided in two modules:

- Rapid Mapping, for rapid service delivery during the response phase of crises, and

- Risk & Recovery Mapping, which is designed for pre- or post-crisis situations in support of recovery, disaster risk reduction, prevention, and preparedness activities. The Early Warning

● On demand ● Standardised ● Hours-days REFERENCE MAPS DELINEATION MAPS GRADING MAPS VALIDATION

RISK AND RECOVERY MAPPING ● On demand ● Tailored to user needs ● Weeks-months REFERENCE MAPS PRE-DISASTER SITUATION MAPS REFERENCE MAPS POST-DISASTER SITUATION MAPS VALIDATION

EARLY WARNING ● Floods: EFAS ● Forest Fires: EFFIS CONTINOUS ALERTS

Space Infrastructure In SituInfrastructure

CORE  SERVICES

DOWNSTREAM SERVICES

Users

SecurityEm

ergency Atm

osphere

Marine

Land

Ad

ded

Valu

e Ch

ain

Overall architecture

Farming

ICZM Air quality

Four main types of products:

For headquarters, decision-makers

and in-field operativesIn Europe and worldwide

Reference maps

Assessment maps

Thematic maps

Early warning

1.3 The Current Situation of Chinese Disaster Reduction - The available

operational systems

I. Actual impulses from U.N. CDRR in Sendai

The Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015-2030

was adopted at the

Third UN World Conference in Sendai, Japan, on March 18, 2015

Main stream:

To keep importance of Disaster Risk Management

But contemporary create wider approach under

Disaster Risk Reduction

Priorities for action

Priority 1:Understanding disaster risk.Priority 2:Strengthening disaster risk governance to manage disaster risk.Priority 3:Investing in disaster risk reduction for resilience.Priority 4: Enhancing disaster preparedness for effective response and to “Build Back Better” in recovery, rehabilitation and reconstruction.

Priority 1:Understanding disaster risk. National and local level(c) To develop, periodically update and disseminate, as appropriate, location-based disaster risk information,

including risk maps,

to decision makers, the general public and communities at risk of exposure to disaster in an appropriate format by using, as applicable, geospatial information technology;

(f) To promote real time access to reliable data, make use of space and in situ information,

including geographic information systems (GIS), and use information and communications technology innovations

to enhance measurement tools and the collection, analysis and dissemination of data;

Global and regional levels

To achieve this, it is important:

(a) To enhance the development and dissemination of science-based methodologies and tools to record and share disaster losses and relevant disaggregated data and statistics, as well

as to strengthen disaster risk modelling, assessment, mapping, monitoring and multi-hazard early warning systems;

(b) To promote the conduct of comprehensive surveys on multi-hazard disaster risks and

the development of regional disaster risk assessments and maps, including climate change scenarios;

(c) To promote and enhance:

- access to and the sharing and use of non-sensitive data and information, as appropriate, communications and geospatial and space-based technologies and related services; maintain and strengthen in situ and remotely-sensed earth and climate observations; and strengthen the utilization of media, including social media, traditional media, big data and mobile phone networks, to support national measures for successful disaster risk communication, as appropriate and in accordance with national laws;

How to deliver information? Decision makers and Children

1. A child receive sms for dangerous situation (for example: flood is coming; you should follow your navigation system;

2. Activation of crises situation management by receiving of point (coordinates: latitude and longitude) where the child should go;

3. Navigation of child by voice; an alarm informs if the child is going in wrong direction;

4. Sms instruction what to do when the child get to a safety place.

Let’ s go to realize global, regional and local challenges,

which will all improve

organization of the disaster relief and prevention system in EU

(and China and everywhere).

Xie, Xie!!!!!O Brigado

Bardzo DziekujeChvala

THANK YOUMuchas Gracias

Terima KasimO BrigadaKammsa Hamida

AligatorSHUKRAN

BLAGODARJA

DĚKUJI ( in Czech)