Group task Lecturer: Dr Mahere

COURSE EM104: Educational Management

2023-05-01

A. Give a comprehensive definition of organising.

B. Discuss the rationale for organising.

The scope of school organising is very vast. It includes; efficiency of the institution, securing benefits of the school through practical measures, clarification of the functions of the school, coordination of the educational programmes, sound educational planning, good direction, efficient and systematic execution. This presentation seeks to give a comprehensive definition of organising and discuss the rationale for organising having defined some key terms. Which will include 1.Allocation of responsibilities. 2. Accountability 3. Establishing clear channels of communication 4. Resource deployment . Organising helps managers to deploy resources meaningfully. 5. The principle of synergy enhances the effectiveness and quality of the work performed. 6. Division of work . Departmentalisation and Coordination.

Introduction

Henri Fayol was a French industrialist; he was another major contributor to the systematic study of administration.Fayol created the famous five elements/functions of management, which include; Planning, Organising, Coordinating, Commanding, and Controlling.Organising: Professor Luther Halsey Gulick, a management expert and author along with Lt. Col. Lyndall Urwick in 1937 expanded Fayol’s five elements of administrative functions and came up with the popular acronym, POSDCORB which implies Planning, Organising, Staffing, Directing, Coordinating, Reporting and Budgeting.

Background

Management is defined as "getting things done through others". It can be

more scientifically defined as the co-ordination of all the resources of an organisation through the process of planning, organising, directing, and controlling in order to attain organisational objectives.

Organising according to Schott & Davis (2007) is the establishment of a formal organisational structure, functions and subdivisions that are required for carrying out the duties for the achievement of defined objectives.

Sheldon states, “Organization is the formation of an effective machine; management, of an effective executive; administration, of an effective direction. To organise means, building up the dual structure, material and human of the undertaking.

Sidhu (1996) says an organisation represents two or more than two people respectively specializing in functions of each perform, working together towards a common goal as governed by formal rules of behavior.

From the definitions above one can comprehensively define organising as the establishing of structure that that ensures that resources are deployed meaningfully so as to be used effectively and efficiently inorder to achieve determined goals

DEFINITION OF TERMS

1. to establish logical patterns of inter-relationships among members

of the group;2. to secure advantages of specialisation or division of labour

whereby the optimum utilisation of talents can be realised;3. to coordinate activities of the component parts in order to

facilitate the realisation of the goals of the organisation (Massie and Douglas, 2007).

4. Organising establishes some structure for accomplishing plan requirements, staffing that structure with individuals, delegating responsibility and authority for carrying out the plan, providing policies and procedures to help guide people, and creating methods or systems to monitor implementation

5. In school organization, there is a great role of economy, men, and material to achieve the desired objectives.

REASONS FOR ORGANISING

It provides close collaboration and sense of sharing

responsibilities, organized purpose and dynamic approach. Any organization plays a vital role in the life of human being. It plays different functions like; brings efficiency, guide pupil

to receive right direction from the right teachers, enables the pupil to get profit from their learning, bring coordination of the student-teacher-parents-society.

It provides well defined policies and programmes, favorable teaching learning situation, growth and development of human beings, make use of appropriate materials, effective development of human qualities, execution of the programmes, arrangement of the activities, efforts for attainment of the objectives etc.

REASONS FOR ORGANISING

Below are the headings of rationale and

detailed discussions

RATIONALE FOR ORGANISATION IN DETAIL

Organising leads to an organisational structure, that

clearly shows who is responsible for what tasks. Eg in a school there are several departments such as administration, catering, grounds personnel, sports.

In these sections the superordinate and the subordinate responsibilities need to be clarified.

To allocate responsibilities

Organizational structure helps in putting right

men on right job which can be done by selecting people for various departments according to their qualifications, skill and experience. This is helping in defining the jobs properly which clarifies the role of every person.

Well defined jobs

Organizational structure helps in clarifying the role

positions to every manager (status quo). This can be done by clarifying the powers to every manager and the way he has to exercise those powers should be clarified so that misuse of powers do not take place. Well defined jobs and responsibilities attached helps in bringing efficiency into managers working. This helps in increasing productivity.

This ensures that communication is effective and that all information required by managers and employees of the organisation to perform their jobs effectively reaches them through proper channels.

Clarifies authority/establishes clear communication

channels

Organization is a means of creating co-ordination among different

departments of the enterprise. It creates clear cut relationships among positions and ensure mutual co-operation among individuals. Harmony of work is brought by higher level managers exercising their authority over interconnected activities of lower level manager.

Authority responsibility relationships can be fruitful only when there is a formal relationship between the two. For smooth running of an organization, the co-ordination between authority- responsibility is very important. There should be co-ordination between different relationships. Clarity should be made for having an ultimate responsibility attached to every authority. There is a saying, “Authority without responsibility leads to ineffective behaviour and responsibility without authority makes person ineffective.” Therefore, co-ordination of authority- responsibility is very important.

Co-ordination

The organization structure is helpful in

defining the jobs positions. The roles to be performed by different managers are clarified. Specialization is achieved through division of work. This all leads to efficient and effective administration.

This implies that the responsible employees will account for outcomes, positive or negative. Accountability links directly to the actions of the individual, section or unit. In a school the sports director accounts for sporting activities.

Effective administration/Accountab

ility

Sidhu, K.S (1996) School management and

organization, Sterling Publishers Pvt. Ltd. Scott, W,R & Davis, G,F (2007), Organizations and

Organizing: Rational, Natural and Open System Perspectives. Pearson: Prentice Hall

References