optical fiber cable
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IIMT INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY
OPTICAL FIBER CABLE
Presented by: MUNNA KUMAR B.Tech(E.C.-’A’) 3RD yr.Roll no.- 1037131040
Submitted to:-Dr. P. K. Singh & Mr. Pushpendra
OPTICAL FIBER OPTICAL FIBER
OPTIC FIBER CABLE
FibrePropagation of Light inside the
ofcFibre Optic cable is guided medium in which information (voice, data or video) are transmitted in the form light from one place to other place.
CLASIFICATIONCLASIFICATION
1.STEP INDEX SINGLEMODE FIBER 1.STEP INDEX SINGLEMODE FIBER 2.STEP INDEX MULTYMODE FIBER2.STEP INDEX MULTYMODE FIBER
3.GRADED INDEX FIBER3.GRADED INDEX FIBER
CONSTRUCTIONCONSTRUCTION
• CORE:DIAMETER=8MICROMETERCORE:DIAMETER=8MICROMETER
• CLADDING:DIAMETER=125MICROMETERCLADDING:DIAMETER=125MICROMETER
• BUFFER:250BUFFER:250
• JACKET:400JACKET:400
OFC Construction
Parameters of CablingTensile Strength ( Pull)
Crushing Resistance
Protection from Excess Bending
Abrasion Protection
Anti-Twist
Chemical protection
Single Mode Fibre
The Core dia is 8 to 10 Micrometer
A much smaller core Diameter
Cladding dia is 125 Micrometer
Very large bandwidth
Light can go for very long distances
DWDM application (80 lamda)
MULTYMODE MULTYMODE FIBERFIBER
Has a large Core Diameter
Core Diameter - 50, 62.5, 100 Micro meter
Cladding dia - 125 Micro meter
Light waves are dispersed into number of paths
Multiple path of light cause signal distortion
Suitable for shorter length like LAN
GRADEDINDEX GRADEDINDEX FIBERFIBER
COMPARISION Cu vs OFCCOMPARISION Cu vs OFC
• CuCu
1.FREQUENCY=MHz1.FREQUENCY=MHz
2.WB=2Mbps(30VC)2.WB=2Mbps(30VC)
3.INTRFRS=HIGH3.INTRFRS=HIGH
4.WT=HIGH4.WT=HIGH
5.DISTANCE=2-3Km5.DISTANCE=2-3Km
• OFCOFC
1.=GHz1.=GHz
2.WB=25Mbps(34000+VC)2.WB=25Mbps(34000+VC)
3.INT=LOW3.INT=LOW
4.WT =LOW4.WT =LOW
5.DIS=25Kma15.DIS=25Kma1
OPTICAL FIBER OPTICAL FIBER PARAMETERPARAMETER
>FREQUENCY (WAVE LENTH)>FREQUENCY (WAVE LENTH)
>ATTENUATION>ATTENUATION
>WINDOW>WINDOW
TRANSMISSION CHALLENGESTRANSMISSION CHALLENGES..
>ATTENUATION>ATTENUATION
>NON LINEARITY>NON LINEARITY
>DISPERSION>DISPERSION
OFC SIZEOFC SIZE
>6FIBER>6FIBER
>12FIBER>12FIBER
>24FIBER>24FIBER
>48FIBER>48FIBER
>96FIBEF>96FIBEF
Standard drum length isStandard drum length is
2000M+10% or 4000m2000M+10% or 4000m
WINDOWSWINDOWS• Window is range of wave length where Window is range of wave length where
attenuation is minimumattenuation is minimum
• 1).850nm---(800-850nm)1).850nm---(800-850nm)
• 2).1300nm---(1250-1300nm)2).1300nm---(1250-1300nm)
• 3).1550nm---(1500-1550nm)3).1550nm---(1500-1550nm)
AttenuationAttenuation
• Gradual losses in the intensity data Gradual losses in the intensity data information in ofc1winformation in ofc1w
• 1).INTRINSIC:due to internal factor1).INTRINSIC:due to internal factor
Absorption, scatteringAbsorption, scattering
• 2).EXTRINSIC:due to bending of ofc 2).EXTRINSIC:due to bending of ofc
(a)(a)Macro bendingMacro bending
(b)(b)Micro bendingMicro bending
(c)(c)Numerical apparatureNumerical apparature
OFC COM. SYS.OFC COM. SYS.
SPLICINGSPLICING
• Splicing is technique to joining of two Splicing is technique to joining of two optical fiber cable by the splicing optical fiber cable by the splicing machinemachine
• There are two techniques There are two techniques
1).MECHANICAL1).MECHANICAL
2).FUSION : Is done by heating 2).FUSION : Is done by heating
splicingsplicing
OTDROTDR• Optical time domain reflectometer is a Optical time domain reflectometer is a
device use to detect the distance at device use to detect the distance at which ofc get cutwhich ofc get cut
• By this method OTDR is connected at By this method OTDR is connected at one end a laser beam is allow to flow in one end a laser beam is allow to flow in ofc it get bounce back from the cutting ofc it get bounce back from the cutting point due to change in R.Ipoint due to change in R.I
S=CTS=CT
C=SPEED OF LIGHTC=SPEED OF LIGHT
T=TOTAL TIMET=TOTAL TIME
OTDROTDR
Advantages of Optic Fibre
large bandwidth
Low Loss - 0.5db per km
Less number of Repeaters
Small size & Light Weight - Easy to handle
Greater Safety - No Electric Hazards
Higher Security
Available long length
Universal medium
OFC ApplicationsTelecommunication /automation
Network
Junction Network & Long Distance Network
Submarine cable
High EMI areas
Explosive environment
High lightening area
Computer links & Local Area Network
Cable television
Medical Field , Automobile Field
Military application
Telecommunications
•Today’s Telecom is growing “Faster- Higher- Stronger”.•The contribution of fibre towards this trend is a major one.•All optical network will emerge.
1844 Telegraph 5 bits /sec
1876 Telephone 2 kb/sec
1956 Trans Atlantic 1152 kb/sec
OFC 45000 kb/sec
Today 2-3 Terra bit/sec
• The Transport Capacity of OFC advances by 100 times every 10 years
Improvements in Fibre
THANK YOU!