opcode technical primer 1997

7/30/2019 Opcode Technical Primer 1997

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Opcode Tech Primer

Music Software is a very p owerful and sophisticated tool and

Opcode is the ind ustry leader in reliability and ease of use. But as

with any software, technical d ifficulties can arise in the course of

operating our programs. Most of these problems can be traced to one

or m ore of several basic causes, and the following information and

procedu res have been foun d to resolve a large majority of peoples

questions and technical difficulties. We ask that you go through

these things thoroughly before contacting Technical Support, as inmany cases youll be able to solve your ow n p roblem and get back to

making m usic right aw aywithout even having to call us or log

onto our Web site.
http://primer.pdf/http://primer.pdf/


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- ii - Opcode Tech Primer

TABLE OF CONTENTS

If reading online,cli ck

on a chapter or section to automatically go there.

Ch 1: Where the Software is Installed 1

Open Music System (OMS).................................................................................... 1

Galaxy/Galaxy Plus Editors .................................................................................... 1

Vision, Studio Vision, and Overture........................................................................ 2

Ch 2: What to do with Older Software Versions 3

Ch 3: Functional Relationship betweenOMS, Galaxy/GPE, and Vision/SVP/Overture 4

Ch 4: Basic Troubleshooting Steps 6

Extension Conflicts ................................................................................................. 6

Corrupted Preference Files .................................................................................... 7

Reinstalling Application Software ........................................................................... 8

MIDI Communication Problems.............................................................................. 8

Ch 5: Macintosh System Errors 11

Ch 6: Information You Need Before Contacting Technical support 12

Ch 7: Frequently Asked Questions 13

Ch 8: Backing Up Your Work 16


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Ch 1: Where the Software is Installed - 1 - Opcode Tech Primer

CH 1: WHERE THE SOFTWARE IS

INSTALLED

The most basic information you n eed to be aware of when using any

program is which files are installed an d w here they reside on your

hard d isk.

O

PEN

M

USIC

S

YSTEM

(OMS)

Importan t OMS files and folders installed to you r hard disk includ e:

The OMS Setup

application is installed into the OMS App lications

folder, which resides in the Opcode folder on the top level of yourhard d isk.

NOTE: If installing from an OMS disk set, the OM S A pplications folder is

placed on the top level of your hard disk (not in the Opcode folder).

The OMS Folder is installed into the System Folder. The OMS

Folder contains MIDI interface drivers, Factory Names documents,

the OMS Time Manager, and OMS preferences.

The Open M usic System

extension is installed in to the Extensions

folder w ithin the System Folder. OMS applications will not run w ith-

out this extension installed.

G

ALAXY

/G

ALAXY

P

LUS

E

DITORS

Installed files for Galaxy and Galaxy Plus Editors includ e:

A Galaxy folder containing the app lication, along with Librarian and

Editor mod ules, is installed into the Op code folder, on the top level

of your hard disk.

Galaxy Setup

and Galaxy Librarian Modules

files are written into your

System Folder .

The Galaxy Keywords

file is written into the Preferences folder insid e

your System Folder.


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Ch 1: Where the Software is Installed - 2 - Opcode Tech Primer

V

ISION

, S

TUDIO V

ISION

, AND

O

VERTURE

Installed files for these app lications includ e:

A folder containing these app lications and their related files is

installed into the Op code folder, on the top level of your hard disk.

Preference files are written into the Preferences folder w ithin the

System Folder . In order to display and print music notation, theA lois

and Aloisen

fonts are installed into the Fonts folder of the System Folder .

NOTE: There is a complete graphic depiction of installed files (andwhere they reside) in the Quick Start card included with mostOpcode applications.


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Ch 2: What to do with Older Software Versions - 3 - Opcode Tech Primer

CH 2: WHAT TO DO WITH OLDER

SOFTWARE VERSIONS

If you have older versions of Opcode app lications installed there are

several things to keep in mind .

You can only have one version of OMS installed at a time. Because it

uses a System extension, multiple versions of OMS can conflict with

one anoth er and cause serious MIDI comm un ication problems. If for

some reason you have mu ltiple copies of OMS on your compu ter,

you shou ld trash the older OMS files (OMS Folder, OMS Setup

app lication, and the Op en Mu sic System extension) to eliminate any

possible conflicts with th e current version.

NOTE: The OMS extension used to be named Opcode MIDI Sys-tem. If this version is present you should remove it.

With the except ion of OMS, you can leave old versions of the soft-

ware on your system if you wan t. Opcode app lications generally

have no interaction with earlier versionsits as if you h ave tw o

entirely different program s on your compu ter. However, most

peop le find it less confusing to have just one version of an

app lication on th eir comp uter. To remove an older software version,

simply go to th e folder (outlined in Where the Software is Installed(pg. 1)) and drag the ap plication and its related files to the trash.

Authorizations

are separate from installations. The au thorization to

run a particular version of a program is installed on your comp uter

separately and app lies only to that version. This means that as long

as you d ont deau thorize a particular version of a program you can

trash all the files and reinstall them as m any times as you wan t with-

out affecting you r au thorization. If you want to m ove your software

to a different compu ter (or hard disk), make sure to first deau thorize

your hard d isk with theDeauthorization

program located on

disk 1(key disk).


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Ch 3: The functional relationship between OMS, Galaxy/GPE, and Vision/SVP/Overture- 4 - Opcode Tech Primer

CH 3: THE FUNCTIONAL

RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN

OMS, GALAXY/GPE, ANDVISION/SVP/OVERTURE

The Open Music System (OMS) keeps track of which MIDI devices

you have, how they are connected, and w hich patches (sound s) they

are u sing. OMS also makes it easy for mu sic app lications to commu -

nicate with MIDI hard ware connected to your compu ter.

OMS stores information about your MIDI devices in Studio Setup

docum ents, which are edited in th e OMS Setup app lication. An OMS

Stud io Setup that accurately reflects your physical stud io configura-

tion, and wh ich respond s correctly in Test Stud io mod e (see MIDI

Commun ication Problems (pg. 8)), is the first and m ost essential

comp onent of your MIDI system.

Galaxy is patch librarian software th at can retrieve, store and orga-

nize your synthesizer patches. Galaxy stores patches in Bun dles,

wh ich in tu rn p rovide patch names to app lications like Vision,

Stud io Vision and Overture. Although Galaxy works with hu nd reds

of devices, not all instrum ents are supported .

If your device is not specifically sup ported by Galaxy and you

wou ld like to view patch n ames in Vision (or Stud io Vision, Over-

ture) you h ave the following options:

OMS provides a num ber of factory names documents. These docu-

ments, which are stored in your OMS Folder, are typed -in lists of

stock factory p atches; this means how ever that you cant alter the

patches in the d evice or change their ordering.

Another option is to create a custom names docum ent. To do this

open the N ames Window (accessed from either the Window s menuin Vision/ Stud io Vision or the Options menu in Overtu re) and typ e

the app ropriate patch n ames into the provided temp late.

Galaxy Plus Editors does everything Galaxy does and ad ds on-

screen grap hic editing of synth soun ds. Not a ll devices sup ported

with a Librarian modu le in Galaxy have a corresponding Editor

mod ule in Galaxy Plus Editors.


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Ch 3: The functional relationship between OMS, Galaxy/GPE, and Vision/SVP/Overture- 5 - Opcode Tech Primer

You w ill spen d m ost of your time using Vision, Studio Vision, and

Overture for writing and arranging mu sic. They u tilize the informa-

tion from your OMS Stud io Setup and Galaxy Bun dles. Once you

have su ccessfully configured your OMS Stud io Setup and loaded

Galaxy Bund les from your var ious MIDI devices, it is not necessary

to actually ru n th ose app lications. You can open your OMS Stud io

Setup from within Vision/ Stud io Vision in the Setups

menu and

from Overture in the Options

menu . In ad dition, choose Win-dows>Names

in Vision/ Stud io Vision (or Options>OMS Names

in

Overture) to subscribe to a Bundle or Names docum ent in order to

get patch names.

Keeping in mind the fun ctions of the various p rograms, and their

relationship to on e another can often help you focus in on wh ere a

particular problem m ay be occurring. For instance, if you are in

Vision an d you are not getting a MIDI signal in or out of a d evice, the

first p lace to check is OMS, since it is mainly responsible for MIDI

management. Or, if you are having trou ble with a particular Bun dle

in Overture, the first thing to try would be to laun ch Galaxy and seeif the same problem happens there, since Galaxy is responsible for

handling patch information.


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Ch 4: Basic Troubleshooting Steps - 6 - Opcode Tech Primer

CH 4: BASIC TROUBLESHOOTING

STEPS

EXTENSION CONFLICTS

A very large percentage of the p roblems people have w ith their Mac-

intosh software resu lt from a conflict between their var ious System

extensions. Extensions are program s or pa rts of programs th at are

autom atically loaded into RAM when you turn on your compu ter

they ap pear as little puzzle-piece icons at the bottom of your screen

wh en you boot u p. In general, it is best to run w ith as few extensions

as possible to avoid conflicts.

Macs runn ing system 7.5 or later come w ith theExtensions M anager

control panel; if you un check an extension listed th ere and then

restart the compu ter, it w ill not be loaded into RAM and therefore

cannot conflict with another extension.

NOTE: Macs with earlier versions of the System software canaccomplish the same effect by dragging an extension from theExtensions folder (located in the System folder) to any other locationon your hard disk. There are also several commercial startup manag-

ers that will perform this same task.

For using Opcode software, you only need two or three active

System extensions. The first of these is always necessary, and that is

the Open Music System

(OMS) extension. If you are working w ith

MIDI only (no d igital aud io), OMS is the only extension you need to

run most Op code ap plications. If however you intend to use digital

aud io, you w ill need either App les Sound Manager

extension or, if

you are using Digidesign aud io hardw are, theDigiSystem IN IT

. In

add ition, if you a re using a MIDI card or interface with an Opcode

application that requires an extension, such as Digidesigns Sample-

Cell, you w ill need to retain those extensions as w ell. You will alsoneed you r printer d river installed if you intend to do an y printing.


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Of course, it is ultimately up to you as to w hich extensions you wan t

active. However, if you are experiencing p roblems wh ile using ou r

software and are going to contact Technical Sup port, w e ask that you

first d isable all other extensions besides the Op en Mu sic System, and

your au dio extension if you are u sing one, and restart your compu ter

to see if the p roblem is resolved. If it is, then there is an extension

conflict and you will need to either ru n w ith a redu ced set w hen

using ou r software, or systematically go th rough your extensions,loading them in groups, to try and locate the conflict.

CORRUPTED PREFERENCE FILES

Occasionally, an applications p reference file(s) can become cor-

rup ted, usually resulting in small glitches or strange performan ce in

a p reviously fun ctioning p rogram. If these files are trashed or moved

wh en the program is not runn ing, they will be recreated clean wh en

you relaun ch the app lication.

For Vision, Stud io Vision and Overture, these files reside in the Pref-

erences folder inside the System Folder and are called Vision

Preferences

(or Studio Vision Preferences or Overtu re Preferences). If

you d evelop an od d or anomalous problem with an application,

simply quit the p rogram an d d rag the file from th e Preferences

folder to the d esktop; then reop en the p rogram to see if the problem

is resolved. If it is, then there was som e file corrupt ion in the p refer-

ences and you can d rag it to the trash. You w ill however have to

reset a few of your app lications pa ram eters (Metronom es MIDI

note assignment, for examp le). If the problem was n ot solved then

simply d rag the old p references file (from the d esktop) back into thePreferences folder and continue trou bleshooting.

NOTE: Once youve configured your application to your liking, it is agood idea to make a copy of your preferences file and save it to afloppy disk. That way if you later need to trash the file due to corrup-tion, you can simply replace it with the backupthereby saving youfrom resetting your preferences in the application.


10/18


In Galaxy or Galaxy Plus Editors the files in question are Galaxy

Setup

an d Galaxy Librarian M odules

in the System Folder, and Galaxy

Keywords

in the Preferences folder. If there is a particular Bund le that

has d eveloped a strange p roblem or w ont load p atches correctly,

you can try quitting the ap plication and removing these files. When

reopening Galaxy you w ill see a Scanning d ialog, which means

that you r OMS Stud io Setup is being scanned so the relevant mod -

ules are autom atically reinstalled.

NOTE: If you have a K2000, you may not want to immediately trashthe Galaxy Setup file since it stores important ROM information.Instead place Galaxy Setup on your desktop to see if the new filealleviates the problem if not, drag the old Setup file back into theSystem Folder.

NOTE: If you have been assigning keywords to patches, it would bebetter not to actually trash Galaxy Keywords. Just move it out of thefolder to see if it fixes the problem. If not, simply drag the old Key-

words file back into the Preferences folder.

REINSTALLING APPLICATION SOFTWARE

If d isabling extensions or trash ing p reference files does not solve

your problem, it is sometimes a good idea to trash all application

files and d o a fresh install from the flopp y disks (or CD-ROM). This

will eliminate any corrupted app lication files and restore you to an

original clean state. Remember to store any files you have m ade

with the ap plication (sequences, Studio Setup s, Overture files or

Galaxy bu nd les) separately from the app lication so you don t acci-dently throw out something you w ant to keep.

NOTE: You do not need to deauthorize the application because itsauthorization key remains on your hard disk until you run the Deau-thorize application.

MIDI COMMUNICATION PROBLEMS

Many p roblems with MIDI software revolve aroun d n ot getting

inpu t from a controller to the software, or not getting outp ut from

the software to a MIDI device. These are MIDI commun ication errors

and are probably due to one of several causes.


11/18


Y

OUR

OMS S

TUDIO

S

ETUP

IS

IMPROPERLY

CONFIGURED

OR

NOT

CURRENT

:

Thoroughly examine your Stud io Setup to make sure all of your

devices are properly defined and dep icted. Pay special attention to

wh ether the INs an d OUTs for all devices (virtual patch cords with

arrowheads) reflect the p hysical patch cords of your actual stud io.

Also, dou ble-click on the d evice icon to op en th e MIDI Device Info

Window and check that each device is set up to receive on the app ro-

priate MIDI channels, and that you have established w hether it is a

controller and if it is mu ltitimbral. It is especially good to check these

things if you h avent been using the program for a w hile, or if you

have opened an old Stud io Setup with a later version of the program ,

as it is easy to forget about changes in you r stud io that may not be

reflected in your OMS Setup.

Make sure there is a small diamond n ext to the name of the Stud io

Setup nam e in the w indow s title-bar, thus indicating th at it is the

current

Setup docum ent. If there isnt a d iamond , choose File>Make

Current

. Choose Studio>Test Studio

to verify MIDI inpu t and outp ut. Once

enabled, move the cursor over one of your d evice icons and notice

the cursor tu rn in to a small note (if it doesnt, verify that

Studio>Test Studio

is checked); then single-click on the d evice and

you shou ld hear rand om bursts of MIDI notes from that instrument

(this can be qu ite loud so make sure your volum e is dow n). Next

play some notes on any controller keyboardyou should hear your

Macintosh say MIDI received.

Y

OUR

PHYSICAL

STUDIO

IS

NOT SET UP CORRECTLY: Check and d ouble-check that all devices have the desired MIDI

inpu ts and outp uts correctly connected to you r interface (IN to OUT,

OUT to IN).

If you have a mu ltiport interface (Stud io 64X, Stud io 4 or Stud io 5), it

is imp ortant that just one device is used for each p ort nu mbereven

if the d evice is connected with just on e MIDI cable. In other w ord s,

always treat the paired IN/ OUT ports of the interface as though they

were d edicated to a single device.

If the commu nication problems are with a specific device, try substi-

tu ting d ifferent MIDI cables to ru le out d efective cables. If the problem was only on playback, check that the devices volum e

was turn ed u p, and that any mod e or other front panel settings,

wh ich m ay be n ecessary to allow the device to send or receive MIDI,

are correctly configured.


12/18


Try using a different serial cable.

IMPORTA NT: Most interfaces have LEDs that flash on input/output,

which can help narrow your problem.

If youre not getting MIDI playback and the interfaces outpu t LEDs

are flashing, then th e problem mu st reside in the MIDI cable con-

necting the device to the interface, or in th e device itself. If you are

not getting p layback and the interfaces outp ut LEDs are not flash-ing, then the problem p robably resides within the comp uter (OMS

problem or extensions conflict) or w ith the interface itself (try using

your setup with an other interface to test).

The reverse is obviously true for problems on recording from a

sequencer. If you have a record problem an d the interfaces inpu t

LEDs are flashing w hen you p lay the controller, then the p roblem is

likely w ith your OMS Setup (or an extensions conflict); if the LEDs

are not flashing then its probably your d evice, cables or interface.

YOUMAYHAVEANEXTENSIONCONFLICT: Some MIDI commu nication problems are related to System conflicts.

SeeExtension Conflicts (pg. 6) for more d etails.


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Ch 5: Macintosh System errors and what to do about them - 11 - Opcode Tech Primer

CH 5: MACINTOSH SYSTEM

ERRORS AND WHAT TO DO

ABOUT THEM

The Macintosh has a series of nu mbered error messages that it dis-

plays wh en encountering a p roblem. There are several importan t

things to know about these messages. First, you shou ld always

restart your comp uter w hen on e of these System errors occurs. There

are a great many of these messages, and often the actual message

displayed is very cryptic and does not ind icate the real problem.

There are how ever several basic causes and possible remed ies:

You have an extension conflict. Extension conflicts are the most

comm on cause of Mac System errors, p articularly positive numbers

1-100. See Extension Conflicts (pg. 6).

The application is running out of allocated memory. Programs claim

a chunk of your total RAM when launched; if it uses u p th is RAM, it

can cause a crash. To allocate more m emory, quit the p rogram and

single-click its icon from the d esktop and choose File>Get Info; then

increase the nu mber in the Preferred size field (usu ally an increase

of 40-60% will do th e trick). This assum es of course that you have the

available RAM to spare; if not, you m ay w ish to invest in morememory for your computer.

The System software has become corrupted. Apple does recommend

reinstalling your OS per iodically to keep th is in check (someth ing

like getting the oil changed on your car). If your p roblems are not

remedied by any of the procedu res previously mentioned, reinstall-

ing the OS is often the ultimate solution.

There is a bug in the ap plication. We test all our app lications rigor-

ously, and have a strong Beta-test program, bu t occasionally

problems d o get through . If you have tried all the above steps and a

problem p ersists, we are eager to see if there is a bug with theapplication, and fix it as soon as possible. If you d o call with what

you th ink is a software bug, it helps u s enormou sly if you can pro-

vide a recipe to reprodu ce the problem (bugs are almost always

reprod ucible on a wide range of compu ter mod els).


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Ch 6: Information you need Before contacting Technical support- 12 - Opcode Tech Primer

CH 6: INFORMATION YOU NEED

BEFORE CONTACTING

TECHNICAL SUPPORT

If you h ave been throu gh the above steps and are still experiencing

problems, please have th e following information read y before con-

tacting Tech Supp ort:

CUSTOMER CODEOR APPLICATIONSERIAL NUMBER

Your custom er code is ZZ, the first five letters of your last nam e or

of the institution that pu rchased the software, and some num ber. It

is created w hen w e receive your registration card and is then printedon anyth ing we later send you . If you have not yet registered you r

software, you must provide us with the serial number p rinted on

disk 1 of the original version of the program you pu rchased.

APPLICATIONVERSION NUMBERS

This is essential because certain app lication versions, or combination

of versions, can have p roblems we already know about, which

means w e can often give you a solution imm ediately. To find th e

version n um bers, either look at the d isks used to install the software

you are currently u sing, or single-click on the u nopened app lication

icon and choose File>Get Info (or type command -I). It is especially

importan t to know you r version of OMS as many of wh at seem to be

Vision, or Galaxy or Overtu re problems are really OMS problems.

MACINTOSHMODEL,

OPERATINGSYSTEM VERSION,

AND RAM SIZE

Many p roblems are related to sp ecific compu ters or operating sys-

tems. To find out you r version of the Apple System software and

how m uch RAM your comp uter has, choose About this Macintosh

from App le menu (with the Finder current).


15/18

Ch 7: Frequently Asked Questions - 13 - Opcode Tech Primer

CH 7: FREQUENTLY ASKED

QUESTIONS

Q: WHYAM I HAVINGTROUBLEPRINTINGWHILE I RUN OMSAPPLICATIONS?

A: Choose the OMS MIDI Setup menu item and temporarily uncheck

BOTH serial ports. When the printing job is completed , recheck the

por t(s) for MIDI use.

Q: WHATDO I DOIFMY MIDI INSTRUMENTISNOTLISTEDINTHE MIDI

DEVICE INFO WINDOWSLIST?

A: If your device is not listed in theManufacture an d Model pop-ups

of the MIDI Device Info Window, you can still add it to your OMS

Stud io Setup and use it with OMS app lications.

Choose Studio>New Device to open the MIDI Device Info Window.

In the Manufacturer pop-up choose Other(if the Manufacturer is not listed); then inthe Model pop-up select Other.

The choice Other should be at the top of both of these pop-up menus.

In the Name field, below Model, type in the desired instrument name.Your OMS applications will reference this device by the name you enter.

Lastly, specify receive channels, sync options, and whether the device is acontroller and if it is multitimbral.

Q: WHYISMYINTERFACESREDINPUT LED CONSTANTLYFLICKERINGORPULSINGFAINTLY.

A: Many new er MIDI devices send out a m essage called Active Sens-

ing, wh ich tells d evices (to which they are connected) that they are

online and ready to go. This creates a faint red LED pulse on you r

interface, even when you are not p laying.


16/18


Q: CAN I GETPATCHNAMESIN VISIONFORMYDEVICEEVENTHOUGHITISNTSUPPORTEDBY GALAXY?

A: Yes. To create a custom nam e list, follow these step s:

Define the device in your OMS Studio Setup and activate Test Studio to makesure the device is sending and receiving MIDI signals.

In Vision, or Studio Vision, choose Windows>Names to open the Names Window. Highlight the desired device and choose Names>New Patch Document.

If your device is not listed, make sure yourcurrentStudio Setup contains the

device.

Single-click on the Patch Name column for the first patch number (defaults tonumber 0) and type in a patch name.

Repeat this procedure for all the patches you wish to have listed in the Names

document.

Once you have entered all the patch names, click OK and then Save.The new Names document is then saved and automatically subscribed. The

devices patch names then appear in Visions Current Patch field (next to the trum-pet icon).

Q: WHATARETHEREQUIREMENTSTOSUPPORTANEW MIDI DEVICEINGALAXY?

A: To sup port any new MIDI device takes many, many engineering

hours to work with the device in hou se and d evelop a new Galaxy

mod ule. In ord er to justify those engineering hou rs, Opcode has four

major requirements:

The device must be selling well, to many users, for us to have a large

enough customer base to supp ort it.

We need the cooperation of the manufacturer to provide us w ith at

least one loaner un it along with its system exclusive specs.

The unit should be highly programmable. We dont get many

requests to supp ort un its that use mostly presets with just a few ed it-

able parameters.

We also factor in how m any requests we get from users to supp ort

the device.


17/18


Q: WHYDONTMYSYNTHESIZERPATCHNAMESFROM GALAXYAPPEARIN VISION?

A: A Bundle must be retrieved from you r instrum ent. Then from

within Galaxy, choose File>Save and Make Current so the patch

names app ear in Vision.

NOTE: When creating bundles in Galaxy it is sometimes necessaryto load all banks in the bundle. For instance, if you have not retrievedthe Proteus Program Map bank, names will not appear in Vision.

If the p atch names still dont ap pear a fter Making Current in Galaxy,

or subscribing to the Bun dle in Vision, your instru men ts Device Info

may be set incorrectly in the currentStudio Setup. If the d evices

Model is set to Other you will be unable to subscribe. Make sure

the nam e specified for Mod el matches the Bun dle type to wh ich you

are subscribing.

Q: WHERECAN I FINDONLINEHELPFOR VISION/STUDIO VISION,GALAXYAND OMS?

A: Online help is available within most Op code program s:

Vision, Studio Vision: Use Comm and -Shift-Option to click on an y

field, button, icon or menu item for pop -up h elp on that top ic.

Galaxy, Galaxy Plus Editors: Open a new Bank, Bund le or Library

and the Help op tion in the Apple Help menu (?) will tell you

everything you need to know abou t using that device.

OMS Setup: Incorporates Apples Balloon Help; once enabled,

simply point to an y icon in your Stud io Setup , or any menu item, forballoon h elp.


18/18

Ch 8: Backing Up Your Work - 16 - Opcode Tech Primer

CH 8: BACKING UP YOUR WORK

Please back up your files! The most imp ortant ru le of working withany compu ter is back up your data, whether its word processing,

grap hics or mu sic. Back up everyth ing in three locations if possible.

Flopp ies, external d rives and removable cartridge are excellent w ays

to archive your d ata. Backing u p you r w ork doesnt take nearly as

mu ch time as losing a file and learning the hard way.

Do a Save As every 15 minu tes or so and switch to a d ifferent d isk

or location. Add the d ate or version nu mber (2, 3, 4, etc.) to succes-

sive versions when saving and keep some of your previous versions

as extra insurance. By doing this regu larly, you will never lose

more than a few minu tes of work. Flopp ies and cartridges can bestored in d ifferent locations so if you have a fire or you r computer is

stolen, you still have years of valuable work saved .

Although digital aud io takes a lot of hard disk space, removable car-

tridges and more affordable hard disk pr ices allow most u sers to

regularly back up aud io. Digidesign own ers can even back up digital

aud io to an audio DAT recorder.

Other files worth backing u p include:

OMS Studio Setup d ocuments;

Galaxy Bund les, Banks, and Libraries;

Preference files for Vision, Stud io Vision, and Overture;

Galaxy preference files (includ ing Galaxy Setup , Galaxy Librarian

Modu les, and Galaxy Keywords).

opcode technical primer 1997

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