online classes and cheating presented by jeff barbee
DESCRIPTION
Learning Outcomes Understand the rate of cheating in an online course compared to a face-to-face course Categorize the type of cheating that occurs in on-line courses Assess if cheating is occurring in your class Formulate a plan to reduce, if not eliminate cheating from happeningTRANSCRIPT
Online Classes and CheatingPRESENTED BY JEFF BARBEE
Common Thoughts
Online courses are much easier to cheat in
Cheating happens much more often in online courses
They have little interaction with the instructor
Students often do not value online courses as much
Learning Outcomes
Understand the rate of cheating in an online course compared to a face-to-face course
Categorize the type of cheating that occurs in on-line courses
Assess if cheating is occurring in your class
Formulate a plan to reduce, if not eliminate cheating from happening
Who Takes Online Courses?
In 2011 the University of Phoenix Enrolled More Than 380,000 Students in Degree Programs
Programs From Associate Through Doctorate; Online, Traditional, or Combination
2.2% Non-Resident Aliens, 18.4% Black, 36.3% White; 68.9% Female
NCES Reported from 2000-2008 an Increase From 8% to 20% of Students Who Enrolled in an Online Course
The Future Outlook
A 2011 Survey of Chief Academic Officers Found that 65% View Online Learning as a Critical Part of Long Term Strategy
Student Attitudes
Small Difference in Views When Comparing Face-to-Face with Asynchronous Online Courses
Face-to-Face Usually preferred Large Drop off Compared to Synchronous
Online Courses Higher Drop Out Rate in Synchronous Courses
Why Do Students Cheat?
King, Guyette, and Piotrowski State the “Fraud Triangle” In Their Research (Pressure, Opportunity, Attitude)
Incentive/Pressure- To Earn A Good Grade
Opportunity- No One Is Watching
Rationalization/Attitude- Gives In To The “Everyone Is Doing It”
Lack of Class Support; I.E. Saturday Night, Finishing the Work
Your Cheating Ways
LazinessStressPoor Organizational and Time
Management SkillsCheating Being Viewed As “Easy”The Course Being DifficultCheating is Happening in the Class
Types of Cheating
CollusionDeceptionPlagiarismTechnology ManipulationMisrepresentation
Collusion
Organized Cheating
Knowingly Exchanging Information
Using Past Exams, Tests, or Quizzes
Deception
A student Acts Alone
Uses Work From Another Student Without Permission
Receiving Help When Not Allowed
Plagiarism
Claiming Credit For Work That Is Not Theirs
Copy and Pasting
Making Up A Reference List
Found More Often in Upper-Classmen
Technology Manipulation
“Having A Computer Crash”
Unauthorized Internet Usage/Sources; Most Often Found with Under-Classmen
Technology Failure
Intense Tech Savvy Student
Misrepresentation
Students Claim Work That Is Not Theirs
Students Use Someone Else To Complete The Course Work
Outsourcing
Where do we hear most about these cases?
Recent Chronicle ArticleWestern Carolina UniversityImplemented a Fake CourseInvited Students to CheatStudent Hired a Company to Complete Course
MOOCs
Harvard Studies Found Students Register Two Different Accounts
Purposely Fail Assignments to Find The Answers for Other Account
Data of 2 million Students from 115 Courses Used
1% of Students Used This Method
Students Who Had Earned 20 or More Certificates Through These Programs: 25% Cheated This Way
Athletics
According to the Chronicle, Last Year, the NCAA Was Investigating 20 cases of Academic Misconduct
18 Cases Were Division I
1 was Division II, 1 was Division III
One Example, Math Professor Logged On Students Account and Helped Students Complete Assignments
The Misconceptions
It is Easier to Cheat in Online Courses
Cheating Happens Much More Often in Online Courses
Online Courses Are Not Personable
The Truths about Online Courses
No Support of showing that cheating happens in on-line classes more than traditional courses
Studies did not show a clear evidence that it is easier to cheat in an on-line class
Instructors can have a presence in the course Age Difference and Views On Cheating Majority of Online Students also Attend Traditional
Classes
Preventing Cheating Explain Expectations, Be Clear Of What Is Expected Avoid Simple Answer Assessments (Yes/No Questions) Timed Exams Honesty Statements After Assessment Open Ended/Higher Level Thinking Questions Allow/Encourage The Use Of Course Materials Allow Multiple Attempts Change Tests Every Few Semesters
Make The Course Personable
Be Active in the CourseHave an Online Presence Allowing Students to Communicate in by
Written CommunicationPromote High Ethical Values
The Syllabus
The value online syllabi cannot be over stated
First and most important document
Sets the tone of the course
Tools To Help Catch Cheating
ReferencesBell, B.S., & Federman, J.E. (2013). E-Learning in Postsecondary Education. The Future of Children, 23(1),
165-185.
Black, E., Greaser, J., & Dawson, K. (2008) Academic Dishonesty In Traditional And Online Classrooms: Does The “Media Equations” Hold True? Journal of Asynchronous Learning Networks, 12(3-4), 23-30.
Galbraith, M.W., & Jones, M.S. (2010). Understanding Incivility in Online Teaching. Journal of Adult
Education, 39(2), 1-10. King, C.G., Guyette, R.W. &Piotrowski, C. (2009). Online Exams and Cheating: An Empirical Analysis of
Business Students’ Views. The Journal of Educators Online, 6(1), 1-11.
Michael, T.B., & Williams, M.A. (2013). Student Equity: Discouraging Cheating in Online Courses. Administrative Issues Journal: Education, Practice, and Research, 3(2).
Moten, J., Fitter, A., Brazier, E., Leonard, J., & Brown, A. (2013). Examining Online College Cyber Cheating Methods and Prevention Measures. Electronic Journal of e-Learning, 11(2), 139-146.
Southern Polytechnic State University. (2015). Comparison of Academic Misconduct Across Disciplines. Marietta, GA: Khalid.
Thomason, Andy. (August 25, 2015). This Is How Students Cheat in MOOCs. The Chronicle of Higher Education. Retrieved from http://chronicle.com/blogs/ticker/this-is-how-students-cheat-in- moocs/103617
Wolverton, Brad. (December 22, 2015) In A Fake Online Class With Students Paid to Cheat, Could Professors Catch the Culprits? The Chronicle of Higher Education 62(17) Retrieved from http://chronicle.com/article/In-a-Fake-Online-Class-With/234687
Wolverton, Brad. (January 21, 2015) NCAA Says It’s Investigating Academic Fraud at 20 Colleges. The Chronicle of Higher Education. Retrieved Fromhttp://chronicle.com/article/NCAA-Says-It-s- Investigating/151315