VERIFICATION OF THE VERIFICATION OF THE AIR QUALITY MODEL AIR QUALITY MODEL

AGAINST FLIGHT AGAINST FLIGHT MEASUREMENT OF SHIP MEASUREMENT OF SHIP

PLUMES (CORRIDORS)PLUMES (CORRIDORS)

Charles University in Prague Faculty of Mathematics and Physics

Dept. of Meteorology and Environment Protection V Holesovickach 2, Prague 8,

Czech Republic

Tomáš Halenka, Peter HuszárTomáš Halenka, Peter Huszár

11 Regular associate of the Abdus Salam ICTP, Trieste, Italy Regular associate of the Abdus Salam ICTP, Trieste, Italy

E-mail: tomas.halenka@mff.cuni.cz

22

EC FPEC FP6 6 Integrated ProjectIntegrated Project

Coordinated by Robert SausenCoordinated by Robert Sausen

DLR-Institut für Physik der AtmosphäreDLR-Institut für Physik der Atmosphäre

Oberpfaffenhofen, GermanyOberpfaffenhofen, Germany

http://www.pa.op.dlr.de/quantify/http://www.pa.op.dlr.de/quantify/

33

Chain of ImpactsChain of Impacts

Metrics

simple measuresto quantify impacts

Emission Inventories

temporal evolution, 3D distribution

Regional Dilution and Processing

effective emissions

Large-scale Chemistry Effects

atmospheric composition

Cloud Processes

cloud cover and optical properties

Radiative Forcing

temporal evolution, 2D distribution

Climate Change

new climatic state

Climate Impacts

44

Quantify

Activity 1

Emission Inventories

Activity 2

Dilution & Processes

Activity 3

Large-scale Chemistry

Activity 4

UTLS Data Sets

Activity 5

Clouds

Activity 6

RF & Climate Change

Activity 7

Metrics

Activity 8

Co-ord. & Synthesis

AC 1.2 Future Transport

AC 1.3 Validation Studies

AC 1.1 Past & Pres.

Transport

AC 2.4Effective Emissions

AC 2.2 Aircraft Plumes

AC 2.3 Ship Emissions

AC 2.1 Surface Transport

AC 3.2 Model Improvement

AC 3.3 Future Chem. Composition

AC 3.1 Present Chem.

Composition

AC 4.1 Chem. Composition

AC 4.2 H2O & O3

Climatologies

AC 5.2 Contrails and Contrail

Cirrus

AC 5.3 Indirect Aerosol

Effects

AC 5.1 Ship tracks

AC 6.2 Climate Sensitivity

AC 6.3 Climate Modelling

AC 6.1 Radiative Forcing

AC 7.2 Climate Projections

AC 7.3 Metrics

AC 7.1 Idealised GCM Integrations

AC 8.2 Synthesis

AC 8.3 Data Management

AC 8.1 Strategic Planning

AC 8.4 Dissemination &

Information

AC 9.2Administrative Management

Activity 9

ManagementAC 9.3Training

AC 9.4GAP

AC 9.1Project Office

StructureStructure

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MotivationMotivation

• To identify, recognize and To identify, recognize and understand the processes and understand the processes and their role in transformation and their role in transformation and transport of emission from transport of emission from transportation systems for transportation systems for bridging the gap between the bridging the gap between the scale of single sources and scale scale of single sources and scale of global model gridof global model grid

• To support measurement To support measurement campaignscampaigns

66

GoalsGoals

• To verify model system against To verify model system against measurementmeasurement

• To analyse the sensitivity of the To analyse the sensitivity of the model system to emissions, model system to emissions, processes, etc.processes, etc.

• To predictTo predict atmospheric condition atmospheric condition for support the measurement for support the measurement campaigncampaign

• To use the model results for To use the model results for parameterization of efective parameterization of efective emission indicesemission indices

77

Measurement of Ship Measurement of Ship EmissionsEmissions

• WP 2.3.1WP 2.3.1

• WP 2.3.2WP 2.3.2

• WP 2.3.3WP 2.3.3

QuantifyMeasur. Area

Eyring et al., 2005

88

Couple MMCouple MM5 - CAMx5 - CAMx

• double nesting (27 x double nesting (27 x 27 km, 9 x 9 km), 27 km, 9 x 9 km), one wayone way

• EMEP 50 km EMEP 50 km emission inventory emission inventory and UKAEA (United and UKAEA (United Kingdom Kingdom Atmospheric Atmospheric Emission Inventory) Emission Inventory) used, interpolated, used, interpolated,

• CBM-IV chemistry CBM-IV chemistry

99

Ship corridor dataShip corridor data

•UK Maritime and UK Maritime and Coastguard Coastguard Agency radar Agency radar data of ship data of ship corridors for corridors for estuary of estuary of Thames river. Thames river.

1010

Individual ship tracking Individual ship tracking

http://aisfree.aislive.com/Influx.aspx?Map=Europe%20Overviewhttp://aisfree.aislive.com/Influx.aspx?Map=Europe%20Overview http://ais.qps.nl/AISLivePortal/DesktopDefault.aspxhttp://ais.qps.nl/AISLivePortal/DesktopDefault.aspx

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Airborne measurements of Airborne measurements of ship emissionsship emissions

Schlager et al., 2006

Pre-Campaign 2004Clifford Maersk

1212

PrePre-project-project measurement measurement and modellingand modelling

1313

PrePre-project-project measurement measurement and modellingand modelling

1414

PrePre-project-project measurement measurement and modellingand modelling

1515

Sensitivity studySensitivity study

1616

Sensitivity studySensitivity study - NO - NO

1717

Sensitivity studySensitivity study - NO - NOyy

1818

Sensitivity studySensitivity study – O – O33

AC2: QUANTIFY Measurement Campaign on Ship Emissions

Hans Schlager, Andreas Petzold, Ally Lewis, Frank Arnold, Nikolay Sitnikov,

Jana Moldanova, Eric Friedel, Thomas Halenka

& campaign team

A) Sampling in the exhaust plume of a dedicated source ship (ACL)

► To determine the dilution of ship emissions in exhaust trails► To analyse chemical transformations in exhaust plumes ► To analyse aerosol processing in exhaust plumes► To infer emission factors, in particular of secondary emissions► To provide validation data for plume dispersion and plume chemistry box models

B) Sampling in major ship corridors ► To analyse shipping-related trace species on regional scale► To sample "background" data for air mixed with the ship plumes► To provide validation data for regional chemistry-transport models► To validate ship emission inventories

Type of flights and Objectives

Falcon Measurements

Instrument Partner

NO / NOy DLR-IPA

CO DLR IPA

CO2 DLR-IPA

HCHO DLR-IPA

O3 DLR-IPA

HNO3 + SO2 MPI - K

NO2 CAO

HC Uni York

aerosol number + size (CPC + DS) DLR-IPA

aerosol size (DMA) DLR-IPA

aerosol size (OPC) DLR-IPA

volatility DLR-IPA

black carbon DLR-IPA

RH, temp, wind DLR-FB

PI

Schlager

Arnold

Sitnikov

Lewis

Petzold

Giez

Measurements on board the Atlantic Conveyor

Species Technique

NOx CLCO2 IRCO IRHC FIDO2SO2 IRBenzene carbopackPM filterCN CPC

IVL- Swedish Environmental Research Institute (Jana Moldanova, Eric Fridell)

Near-field measurements of Atlantic Conveyor

Falcon Flight PatternFalcon Flight Pattern

AC plume sampling

Run 1

Run 2

14.06.2007 Atlantic Conveyor flight

Run 1

2727

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ConclusionsConclusions

• Reasonable agreement of simulation Reasonable agreement of simulation in shipping corridor with pre-project in shipping corridor with pre-project flight measurementflight measurement

• Quite robust results, there is Quite robust results, there is sensitivity to the emissionssensitivity to the emissions changes changes

• Verification for main campaign still in Verification for main campaign still in progress progress

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OutlooksOutlooks

• Tests of improvements of chemistry for Tests of improvements of chemistry for heterogeneous processes in ship plumesheterogeneous processes in ship plumes

• Looking for posibilities of emission Looking for posibilities of emission resolution increase resolution increase

• Individual ship plume study – PiG option in Individual ship plume study – PiG option in CAMxCAMx

• Application of effective emission indices in Application of effective emission indices in validation for measurement campaign validation for measurement campaign

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AcknowledgementAcknowledgement

All the work performed under support All the work performed under support by project EC FP6 Integrated Project by project EC FP6 Integrated Project QUANTIFY QUANTIFY

THANKS FOR YOUR ATTENTIONTHANKS FOR YOUR ATTENTION