Faculty Unions at Notre Dame...

THE OBSERVER„ , W11 „ iQ serving the notre dam e - st. mary s communityVol. V I I, No. 68 Monday, January 29, 1973

On The InsideWomen's Caucus M eeting

...page 2

Irish icers sweep two...page 12

Peace observance draws 4,000

Hesburgh: No certain peaceby John Abowd

and M ike Welby

I t is 5:45 in the A th le tic and Con­vocation Center.

O ver h a lf of the 4,000 people attending the "P eace Observance” are on the carpeted basketba ll floo r fo r the con­secration of the bread and wine. The only lig h t in the South Dome shines on James Cooney, executive d irec to r of the A lum n i Association, as he reads the lis t of the 32 N otre Dame graduates who died in the tw elve yea r long V ie tnam w ar.

Cooney’s reading was nearly the fina l ac t of the observance w hich began w ith Fred Schaefer p lay ing piano three hours e a rlie r and ended in a bu ffe t supper served from eleven lines.

U n ive rs ity P resident F r. Theodore Hesburgh de live red the sermon a t the concelebrated mass w h ich h igh ligh ted the observance. H is serm on keynoted the general tone of the afternoon when he said: “ There is re a lly nothing to ce leb ra te -no rea l v ic to ry fo r anyone, no certa in peace fo r anyone. F o r a m om ent, the guns are s ilen t.”

Hesburgh ca lled the present mood of the country “ the m ost d isun ited” since the C iv il W ar. He noted in support of this c la im tha t “ the whole coun­te rcu ltu re tha t has developed has brought on a new fac ism .”

“ We have w itnessed a devaluation of A m erican life w h ich is best seen in the violence and k il l in g tha t w a r sym ­bo lized,” Hesburgh said.

The fo rm e r cha irm an of the U.S. C iv il R ights Com m ission also said tha t A m e ric a had e x p e rie n c e d a “ debasement of language and va lue” when the m il ita ry c la im ed tha t i t had to “ destroy to libera te . Now they are free, w hatever tha t means in such a con­te x t." he continued.

Hesburgh countered the m il ita ry v iew po in t by saying, “ I f we have learned anyth ing in th is decade i t is the foolishness of w a r. Any of us who th in k a t a ll would have to say tha t vio lence is no solution to any hum an problem . One should echo the words of Pope P au l IV , Enough of w a r. ’ ”

C om paring the w o rld to a spaceship, Hesburgh said, “ Peace is not possible except inso fa r as we a re w o rk ing fo r jus tice . T h ink o f the w orld as a spacecra ft w ith on ly f ive people instead of 3.5 b illio n .”

In the analogy the one passenger who represents the western w o rld has 80 percent of the w o rld ’s resources w h ile the o ther fou r passengers m ust share 20 percent. “ W hat chance is there fo r peace and love aboard th is spaceship?” Hesburgh asked.

He noted also tha t the U n ited States w ith five percent of the w o r ld ’s

Principal celebrant Fr. Hesburgh and Fr. David Burrell, one of the 40 concelebrants, face the p artic ip an ts in yesterday's peace observance mass, (staff photos by Mike Budd, )

yourse lf and how m uch you do to be tte r the w o rld ,” Hesburgh said, concluding tha t “ A lthough you cannot look in to the past w ith love, you should v iew the fu tu re w ith courage, dedication, hope and love. Then, we have som eth ing to celebrate here today.”

The peace observance began a t 3:00 p.m . w ith an invocation by F r. Jam es B urtchae ll, u n ive rs ity provost.

B u rtch ae ll emphasized the “ con­fus ion" surround ing the cu rre n t peace. “ The day is proud w ith honor, ye t uneasy w ith d is trus t. Welcome is prepared fo r prisoners, but no welcom e w ill serve to ca ll back those m any m ore dead. We are qu it o f the w ar, ye t know that our hearts are never q u it o f the hostilities tha t breed w a r.”

C o rd e lia C a n d e la r ia , a g ra d u a te student, conducted the m usic and readings p rogram tha t proceeded the mass.

The songs and selections centered around three themes: the end of the V ie tnam w a r, “ the quest fo r peace,” and the search fo r s p ir itu a l awareness.

The readings included the fa m il ia r passage from Ecclesiastes (3:1-8) read in V ietnam ese by M onique Kobayashi, a graduate of St. M a ry ’s.

The p rog ram was assembled in fou r days by a com m ittee of facu lty , students and ad m in is tra to rs under the d irec tion of F r. B urtchae ll.

F r. Hesburgh delivers the sermon.

population was using 40 percent of its resources. “ T ha t is not ju s tice and i t cannot be ju s tic e .”

H e sb u rg h the n suggested th a t students become “ m ed ia to rs” of the peace process. “ Peace and jus tice

m ust become m ic ro -v irtues tha t touch your liv e s .”

“ As you educate you rse lf fo r com ­petence take the tim e to educate you rse lf in value. When you go in to the w orld consider how m uch you do fo r

Sunday night robbers hit Alumni. see story on page 2

e observer Monday, January 29, 1973

world

b rie fs

(C) 1973 New York Times

. S a igo n -A fte r a v io len t beginning, the V ie tnam cease-fire appeared to be g ra du a lly tak in g hold Sunday n igh t. South V ietnam ese m il ita ry reports ind ica ted tha t the intense fig h tin g tha t had m arked the e a rly hours o f the cease-fire was waning, tha t some opposing un its were disengaging from contact and tha t on ly “ m in o r ground ac tio n ” was s t il l going on.

. M a im i-P re s id e n t N ixon in a rad io address Sunday disclosed plans fo r reductions in long-standing p rogram s of a id to hospita ls, schools and urban areas and appealed to the nation to put pressure on Congress to cut Federa l spending. N ixon also disclosed proposals fo r using some of the Federa l savings to a id po llu tion con tro l, c rim e figh ting , d rug add iction re h a b ilita tio n and increased cancer and heart disease research. He also repeated his de te rm ina tion to avo id a tax in c re a se .

W ashing ton-The N orth V ietnam ese com m unists have no tified the United States tha t they hold 555 A m erican m il ita ry prisoners in North and South V ie tnam who w ill be released w ith in the next two months. To W ashington’s concern, however, N orth V ie tnam has provided no in fo rm a tio n about A m erican prisoners who m ay be held in Laos. The Pentagon lis ts s ix prisoners who m ay be m issing in Laos.

on campus today

7 :3 0 -meeting, cel tic society, international room, lafortune.

8:00 film , the g reat thaw, c iv iliza tion series, university club.

8:15 organ recital, dr. a rth u r lawrence, sacred heart church.

at nd-smc

Armed robbersby Ed Ell is Bob Higgins J e r ry Lutkus

Three arm ed men held s ix N otre Dam e students cap tive on the second floo r of A lu m n i H a ll fo r m ore than an hour last n igh t and escaped w ith an estim ated $70 in cash.

Th is la test in a recent rash of b u rg la r ie s and ro b b e rie s on

cam pus ended a t about 10:30 p.m. when the robbers fired two shots at a student who pursued them from the h a ll in to the m a in quad. In the ir f lig h t, they fo rgo t a gun in the room they had ju s t le ft.

The robbery had begun an hour e a r lie r when the three men in ­te rrup ted fou r of the students who had been w a tch ing te levis ion in th e ir room .

A knock on the door gained en try

fo r the robbers, who proceeded to bind and gag the students and r if le the room . Two m ore students v is ited the room during the next hour and were forced a t gunpoint to rem ain.

T he ep isode ended a b ru p t ly when another student came to the locked door o f the ransacked room. The robbers tr ied to lu re h im in to the room , but when he fa iled to recognize the voices, he hestitated, and a t th is po int, one robber

'Double standard ' decried

tra ined a p is to l on h im .

Surprised by this, the student fled, followed by a ll three robbers. A nother A lum n i resident, hearing shouts and noise in the ha llw ay, le ft his room and chased the gunmen outside and down the quad tow ard O’Shaughnessy Ha ll. He reported tha t the robbers fired tw ice at h im in th e ir flig h t.

M e a n w h ile , the v ic t im s had locked the door behind the thieves and ca lled N otre Dame Security.

A p p a re n t ly , the s tu d e n ts had d iff ic u lty convincing S ecurity tha t they were serious. The police answered the ca llin about fifteen m inutes, and are cu rre n tly in ­vestiga ting . St. Joseph County Police were also summoned to the cam pus, but have deferred to cam pus o ffic ia ls in hand ling the a ffa ir . Detectives from the County Police D epartm ent w ill enter the investiga tion upon the f ilin g of an o ffic ia l repo rt by Notre Dame Security . Security w ill release m ore de ta ils today.

by B il l Sabin Staff Reporter 1

The W om en's Caucus of N otre Dam e denounced F r. R ieh le ’s c on tro ve rs ia l announcem ent about women liv in g off-cam pus as u n fa ir and another resu lt of the “ double­s ta n d a rd " a t N o tre Dame.

At its f irs t m eeting of the

sem ester last n igh t, the Caucus appointed a com m itte headed by T e rry Anderson and K it ty C a rro ll to find out exa c tly how m any wom en have planned on m oving off-cam pus next year, and to ga ther support by means o f a pe tition and in fo rm a l discussions. The pe tition w ill be ava ilab le fo r s igning in the d in ing ha lls today a t

C om p la in ts reach p e a k

SMC meals defendedby Janet Longfellow

Sta f f Reporter C om pla in ts have reached a peak

concern ing the food serv ice a t St. M a ry 's . One ru m o r c la im s tha t the food q u a lity is going down because Saga Food Service has sw itched fro m its “ P lan A ” to “ P lan B ” q u a lity .

C ra w fo rd C a ssw e ll, Saga M anager a t St. M a ry ’s d in ing ha ll, denied the ru m o r by saying , “ I know of no such food plan and the food q u a lity has not changed.”

In speaking of food q u a lity , Casswell included the question of fru it q u a lity also. He backed his s ta te m e n t, e x p la in in g , “ Saga operates on a th irteen-w eek menu cycle wh ich is the same a t a ll the p a rtic ip a tin g schools, va ried on ly s lig h tly by reg ional preferences. I f an item is low in po pu la rity , we w ill take it out. We a lw ays t r y to keep v a r ie ty .”

The size of the dish portions has a lso been c r i t ic iz e d , som e suggesting tha t r is in g food costs have caused Saga to cu t down on meat dishes and increase the starches.

Casswell c la im ed tha t, “ Costs have in c re a s e d g re a t ly o v e r C hris tm as vaca tion , but we s tick to the sam e po licy tha t you can come back fo r m o re .”

He accounted fo r the alledged increase in starches w ith the exam ple. “ Out of the th irtee n week cyc le we w ill have roast beef th irtee n to fifteen tim es, despite the high rise in p rice .” The a lte rn a tiv e is to serve som eth ing o n e -h a lf th a t p r ic e , such as s traw b e rrie s and w affles or cheese londue as a necessary th ird choice, to offset the cost. Casswell con­tinued. “ H opefu lly th is w ill w ork as long as people w ill come back and take the th ird choice item so tha t we w on’t run out of the o th e rs ."

Casswell sees a portion of the problem s tem m ing from students’ a ttitudes “ ty p ic a l” every yea r

around Janua ry and F ebruary . “ The w eather is a lw ays bad and d re a ry , so people lik e to b lam e the food serv ice if they see the same item served tw ice in a w eek.”

When there a re com pla in ts, the m anagers suggest, “ There is a food com m ittee a t St. M a ry ’s. Students should find out who th e ir representa tives a re and u tilize it to a ir th e ir gripes. We can be fle x ib le .”

A m on g sug ge s tion s Saga is considering are the poss ib ilities of health foods from Berens Springs and a request fo r m ilkshakes. C a ssw e ll co m m e n te d , “ I f the suggestion is possible, we w ill c a rry it o u t.”

lunch and dinner, and the women urged a ll students to sign it.

K a tie D u ffy objected to the U n iv e rs ity 's ra t io n a le fo r the decision, w h ich is to fa c ilita te coeducation. C a lling it “ u til ita r ia n ra th e r than h u m a n ita ria n ” , she also sa id ,“ Persona lly, I ’m tired of liv in g a dorm and don’t see w hy I should be forced to re m a in .” She also cited the “ incessant chat- te r in g "a n d the “ con fin ing ” a t­mosphere of do rm -life in general as reasons fo r m oving off-cam pus.

In o ther areas of discussion, A la n a M c G ra tta n p ra is e d the g e n e ro s ity o f the n o w -d e fu n c t Student D rug In fo rm a tion Center w h ich has donated $235 o f its rem a in ing funds to the W om en’s Caucus. She stated tha t w ith these add itiona l funds ten ta tive plans are being made to b ring speakers to Notre Dame by the Cacus.

T he W om en ’s C aucus a lso discussed the problem of secu rity at Notre Dame, prom pted by the incident of Thursday in w h ich a Lew is Hall. Student was attacked on her way back to her do rm ito ry . However, th is and the question of expanded H e a lth S e rv ice s fo r women w ere tabled t i l l next w eek’s m eeting.

ISSUE STAFF

Night Editor M arlene Zloza Asst. Night Editor Chris Sullivan Layout Kathy K e lly , Al R utherfordTypists Steve Roper, H a rry Chung, Rob B a rrin g e r, M a ry Rom er, Bob Stein metzPictureman Jerom e P h illips (Happy Saturday B irthd ay)Copy Editors Ed E llis , M ike O HareHal Operator M ike GoetzSports Night Editor -Jim DonaldsonNight Controller Dave Rust (s tra igh t from Cincy)

Thanx for the tip Lucille

Mock Stock Market plannedby Bob Quakenbush

Staff Reporter

Sim ulated buying, trad ing , and cash prizes w ill h ig h lig h t the Mock Stock M arke t beginning February 5 and extending through M arch 2. The Notre Dam e F inance Club and the brokerage f irm of Thomson & M cKinnon, Inc. w il l sponsor the m ock New Y ork Stock Exchange in (he m ain lobby of the H urley C o llege o f B us iness A d ­m in is tra tion .

Com bin ing elements of a game and an exh ib ition , the M ock Stock M arke t should be p ro fita b le fo r a ll who take pa rt, accord ing to James W ald, cha irm an of the com m ittee in charge. “ O ur p r im a ry purpose

Alum ni as coby M ike Welby Sta f f Reporte.

A yea r ago, a proposal was made changing A lu m n i H a ll in to a coeducational d o rm ito ry . The proposal, o r ig in a lly suggested by A lum n i R ector F r. John M ulcahy, was made by fo rm e r h a ll president Ron Pogge a fte r a sem ester of re s e a rc h by s e v e ra l A lu m n i residents.

The proposed p lan would have m ade A lu m n i H a ll an e x ­pe rim en ta l case in coed liv in g . Copies of the study and of the proposal were given to a ll of the m a jo r a d m in is tra to rs .

In the study, the effects of coeducational housing a t other campuses were considered. The find ing was tha t in o ther cases experim ents in coed liv in g had been bo th su c c e s s fu l and b e n e fic ia l. O th e r u n iv e rs it ie s noted a g rea te r sense of com ­m un ities, m ore m atu re a ttitudes and behavior, reduced dam age to re s id e n t h a lls , a q u ie te r a t ­m osphere, an increase in in ­te llec tua l exchange between hall

re s id e n ts , no in c re a se and s o m e tim e s a decrease in p ro m iscu ity , and no change in the am ount of tim e spent studying.

The study also included a lis t of physica l changes tha t would have to be made i f the experim ent was to be allowed. The changes, a ll re la tiv e ly m inor, provided the fe m a le re s id e n ts w ith p r iv a te san ita ry fac ilit ie s and baths. The g ir ls rooms would be spread throughout the bu ild ing having men and women in rooms adjacent to each other.

The p ro p o sa l p ro v id e d a s c re e n in g process to e v a lu a te p ro s p e c tiv e m e m b e rs . T h is screening would a llow the ha ll to select those residents who agreed w ith the goals of the com m un ity being bu ilt.

The proposal also a llow ed fo r ins truc tion of the residents to in ­fo rm them of the deta ils involved in coed liv ing . The experim ent would be evaluated on a yea r to yea r basis and renewed sole ly on the results.

Along w ith the physica l changes

to the ha ll itse lf, the proposal provided fo r a change in the personel. Two of the s ix resident assistants would be women to provide counselling fo r the fem ale residents.

A lu m n i’ s e x p e r im e n ta l o f fe r received li t t le support from ad­m in is tra to rs . Ron Pogge, then ha ll president, fe lt tha t m ost of the a d m in is tra to rs were w illin g to ta lk but tha t was a ll.

“ Regardless of w ha t they told you. you got the im pression they were going to do ju s t the opposite as soon as you le ft . ”

Pogge went on to say, “ I f a proposal of th is na ture is ever going to get the support of this a d m in is tra tion , i t w il l have to come from an a d m in is tra to r and not from a student o r group of students. U n til then, the idea w ill be igno red.”

F a the r Hesburgh refused to speak w ith P ogge ab ou t the proposal. Hesbuegh fe lt 'h a t coed housing would lead to p rom iscu ity ,

(continued on page 11)

is to a llow pa rtic ip an ts to lea rn about and experience the w ork ings of the stock m arke t w ithou t ru n ­ning the financ ia l r is k i t involves in rea l life . The Finance Club plans to handle our m arke t in a ve ry professional m anner. F o r in ­stance a com puter w ill be u tilized to keep track of a ll earnings, losses, and transactions.”

The “ game w ill be conducted lm the fo llow ing m anner. F o r a one d o lla r entrance fee, pa r­tic ipan ts w ill be granted $20,000 of mock buying power. They can use the ir account to invest in any s tocks on the m a rk e t, us ing w hatever m ethod they w ish to em ploy, w hether through wise judgm ent or trus t in Lady Luck. Stocks can be purchased in “ round lo ts " of 100 shares or “ odd lo ts ” , and a sm a ll “ com m ission” w i l l be exacted on each transaction . One can buy, sell, o r trade as often as he wishes, or s tick w ith his in it ia l investm ent fo r the en tire four weeks. M arch 2, the three in ­vestors w ith the m ost p ro fits w ill be aw arded cash prizes of $35, $25, and $15 donated by Thomson & M cKinnon.

"A nyone can w in .” com m ents W ald. “ F o r instance, last yea r a freshm an from Howard H a ll beat our professors and business ad­m in is tra tio n m ajors a lik e .”

A c tua lly , the four week session is Phase I I of the Mock Stock M arke t. Phase I commenced in Novem ber

and dea lt w ith long te rm in ­vestm ent over a six m onth period. Phase I ends M ay 9, when iden tica l prizes w ill be awarded.

As a bonus fo r those entered Phase I. each d o lla r they invested in Novem ber pe rm its them to purchase an equal am ount of buying power in phase I I fo r f if ty cents.

The Mock Stock M arke t w ill open M o n d a y , F eb ru a ry 5. Exchange w ill take place from 10:00 to 12:00 and 1:00 to 3:00, Mondays through F rida ys u n til M arch 2.

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F a cu lty unions, o r co llec tive ba rga in ing in h igher education, is ga in ing m om entum on m a jo r campuses across the nation. I t is no longer lim ite d to ju n io r colleges as ind ica ted by figu res w h ich show tha t 121 lo u r yea r schools picked agents since 1969-70, w h ile 147 two yea r schools w ent union.F acu lty unions have prospered fo r a num ber of

reasons, bu t they p r im a ily represent an a ttem p t by facu lties to ga in de facto recogn ition by th e ir ad­m in is tra to rs .W hat the facu lties w ant recognized are the con­

tribu tion s they can m ake to the academ ic governance of th e ir in s itu tion by v ir tu e o f th e ir professional s ta ture . They a re incensed by ad m in is tra to rs who ignore th e ir tenure com m ittee recom m endations;

threaten academ icfreedom s by in tim id a tin g outspoken facu lty w ith tenure denials, b lack lis ting , and b lock ing th e ir pa rtic ip a tion on com m ittees; req u ire heavier teaching loads w ithou t consulting the fa c u lty ; and w ithho ld ing scheduled pay raises.There ae plenty of argum ents against the trend

towards un ionization. Here the p r im a ry a rgum ent is tha t it is to the de trim en t of h igher education because it w il l reduce facu lties from professional bodies, to com m on blue co lla r laborers. A t the heart o f the argum ent is the contention tha t facu lties w i l l become clock w atchers, and lim it th e ir pu rsu it and ad­vancem ent of knowledge to the hours s tipu la ted in th e ir negotiated agreem ent.A nother a rgum ent c la im s student and s ta ff unions

w il l f l l lo w and tha t the adm in is tra tions w il l be locked in negotiations the yea r around. S till another questions the fu tu re of academ ic councils and fa cu lty senates, w h ich w i l l no longer be the exclusive m outhpieces of

the facu lty , but m ere ly secondary organs fo r advice i f they continue to ex is t a t a ll.O bviously there are m any problem s involved, and

un fo rtuna te ly there are no solid answers based on long te rm observations. The trend orig ina ted ap­p ro x im a te ly in 1964 when fa cu lty a t the C ity U n ive rs ity of New Y o rk began to investiga te the issue, w h ich means there has been ha rd ly enough tim e to recognize the issue, p lan and exeovte a study of it.Because the trend is spre; d ing ra p id ly (nea rly 20 fou r

yea r schools have elections pending r ig h t now ), and because N otre Dam e could become another s ta tis tic of the trend, the Observer prepared th is supplem ent to acqua int the campus w ith the basic issues, to s tim u la te open discussion of them, and to a ttem p t to exam ine them in context of the N otre Dam e facu lty - ad m in is tra tion s itua tion .S ta ff reporters D av id Rust and M ichae l Baum con­

tacted approx im a te ly 50 facu lty m em bers. T h is figu re includes departm ent cha irm en, and deans o r th e ir assistants. They contacted 20 m em bers o f the College o f A rts and Lette rs, and 10 m em bers from each o f the other three colleges. I t should be kept in m ind tha t the repo rt by Rust and Baum on pages 6 and 7 is not representa tive of the en tire facu lty , bu t is on ly a sam pling of p riva te opinions.

The Observer also spoke w ith m em bers o f the A m e r ic a n A s s o c ia tio n o f U n iv e rs ity P ro fe s s o rs (A A U P ), and extended an in v ita tio n to P rovost James T. B u rtch ae ll to subm it con tribu tion of his views. He declined because he fe lt i t was an issue the fa cu lty m ust decide themselves, and because he feared a con tribu tion m ig h t create the im pression th a t the a d m in is tra tion is in opposition to the facu lty .

C o llective ba rga in ing w ill be discussed Tuesday a t 8 p.m . in the U n ive rs ity C lubb y D r. Woodley B. Osborne, AAU P national coo rd inator of co llec tive ba rga in ing . I t is not necessary to be a m em ber of the Association to attend.

Topics of discussion w il l inc lude: can co llec tiveba rga in ing w ork in a p riva te u n ive rs ity , tenure, and academ ic freedom , fina nc ia l advantages, does i t ob­v ia te the need fo r facu lty senates, and w hat steps are necessary to establish a fa cu lty union.

Local president. P ro f. Pau l R a thburn , says the Association is not sponsoring the discussion to ag ita te fo r a union, but m ere ly to spread in fo rm a tion , because it is too im p o rtan t an issue fo r the facu lty to rem a in unaw are o f now.

In o rder to fu rth e r discussion of th is issue, the Ob­serve r welcomes le tte rs to the ed ito r expressing you r thoughts and com m ents concern ing the m eeting tom orrow n igh t and the in fo rm a tio n in th is sup­p lem ent.

The S Copyright 1973, The Observer

Special Projects E d i to r : Dan B a rre tt

E xecu tive E dito r : Don Ruane

Photos: Joe Raym ond J im H unt M ike Budd

Contributors: P ro f. Pau l R a thburn P ro f. E dw ard Goerner

Reporters: M ike Baum

D avid Rust

Monday, January 29, 1973 the observer

< i S r tfe v York

fill

- 1ROCHESTER, MICHIGAN

e observer Monday, January 29, 1973

Collective Bargaining: Both SidesPresenting the arguments for

collective bargaining ip-general is basically stating the "Don Quixote orientation of higher education, while listing the opposition amounts to playing the devil’s advocate.

Faculty in favor of collective bargaining seek recognition, first of their professionalism, and second, of what they claim is their right to make major decisions of academic governance which affect academics and student life where applicable. It seems to be a philosophical argum ent for recognizing human potential, in this case qualified by years of study, research, and teaching. It is not money oriented, although it plays a major role.

In theory, faculty are supposed to be dedicated to the ad­vancement of higher education, and their personal interests are subservient to this ideal. Faculty are obligated to perform in­dependently in the spirit of scientific inquiry, encourage the pursuit of knowledge; and in the role of sharing academic gover­nance, the faculty should use objective professional judgement and defend free inquiry.

Rased on their dedication and professional background, faculty claim they have the right to protect their pursuit of knowlege and

methods, by p lay ing the p rim a ry ro le in d e c is io n s o f te n u re , academ ic freedom , cu rricu lu m , sub ject m a tte r and facu lty status.

The pro -co llec tive barga in ing facu lty c la im m ore competence in these d e c is io n s th a n a d ­m in is tra to rs who a re necessarily d q ta ch e d fro m te a c h in g and research ; and m ay be connected w ith in te rests o ther than the ad­vancem ent of h igher education, such as soothing g rum py old a lum n i by agreeing not to become coeducational too qu ick ly .

These fa cu lty m em bers are not c a l l in g fo r e x c lu s iv e d e c is io n m ak ing power, bu t recogn ition of th e ir exc lus ive qua lifica tions. They be lieve in shared gover­nance, and would ra th e r achieve such a re la t io n s h ip w ith a d ­m in is t ra to rs w ith o u t the a d ­v e rs a ry sy s te m o f c o lle c t iv e ba rga in ing . U n fo rtuna te ly th is isn 't a lw ays possible, as a t Tem ple U n iv e rs ity w h e re the a d ­m in is tra tio n dropped 236 p a rt tim e and 26 fu ll tim e teaching jobs, postponed scheduled pay raises tw ic e and re p e a te d ly ve toed fa c u lty c o m m itte e tenure recom m endations. U nder such conditions, the reso lu tion of these issues and others appears to the facu lty to m ake them legal r igh ts and no longer sub ject to the w h im s of adm ins tra to rs .

A ccord ing to P ro f. Anthony John o f the S ou thea s te rn Massachusetts U n ive rs ity F acu lty F ederation, “ I f trad ition a lly , some u n ive ris ty facu lties have played p a rticp a to ry ro le in the exercise of some of these functions, la rge ly , th is exercise was a p riv ile ge and not a r ig h t . ”

In add ition to recognizing facu lty fo r th e ir in h e re n t v a lu e , proponents argue tha t i t e lim inates a r b i t r a r y a d m in i s t r a t i v e decisions, a llow s ad m in is tra to rs m o re t im e fo r a d m in is t ra t iv e du ties; develops the com m un ity a tm osphere by trea tin g a ll as equals and req u irin g pa rtic ip a tion by a la rge num ber o f facu lty >n a ll of the decisions, pa r­t ic u la r ly those invo lv ing tenure and cu rr ic u lu m planning.

On the o ther side of the fence the argum ents are m any, and begin w ith the idea tha t the concept of shared academ ic governance is feasib le even in colleges and un ive rs ities where i t appears to have fa iled . Proponents of this c la im tha t m ore e ffo rts a t effective com m unica tion have to be made by both sides.

There a re o ther com plica tions fo r academ ic governance. Where w ould a co llec tive ba rga in ing un it leave students? Students now p a r t ic ip a te on m a n y councils w h ich m ake decisions concerning

The AAUP PositionAfter eight years of concern and

investigation the A m e r ic a n Association of U n iv e rs ity Professors (A A U P ) endorsed co lle c tive ba rga in ing as a m a jo r ad d itio n a l w ay of reaching its goals in h igh e r education.

The decision cam e du ring the A A U P ’s 58th annual m eeting in New O rleans in M ay 1972. The vote was 3734 to 54. N otre D am e’s c h a p te r re p re s e n ta t iv e s P a u l R a thbu rn and G era ld Jones, voted fo r co llec tive ba rga in ing on the o rder of th e ir executive council.

The decision was a m ilestone in A A U P h is to ry because of the a d vesa ry | na ture of co llec tive ba rga in ing and debate it fostered w ith in A A U P ranks. I t created two fundam enta l problem s con flic tin g w ith the Association ’s po lic ies of n e u tra lity and doing a ll it can to p ro tec t the ideals of academ ic freedom and h igher education.

A ccord ing to the o ff ic ia l AAUP Council position c ircu la ted among a ll chapters before the annual m eeting , “ ...the Association since its inception has been a proponent o f the p rinc ip les and standards w h ich it a ttem p ts to im p a rt ia lly a p p ly in in d iv id u a l s itu a t io n s , whereas in co llec tive ba rga in ing the b a rg a in in g a g e n t u s u a lly stands pa rtisan of the m em bers of the b a rg a in in g u n it , and the organ iza tion w ith w h ich the agent ia a ff lia te d m ay be perceived in the sam e w a y .”

A ls o , “ . . .a t the ins titu tions where an o rgan iza tion o ther than the A A U P chap te r has gained exclus ive ba rga in ing rig h ts , the a d m in is tra tio n is expected to deal w ith the exclus ive ag^n t as ca lled fo r in the agreem ent, and see c o m p la in ts c h a n n e le d th ro u g h g rievance procedures w h ich have been prov ided, thus i t m ay be un receptive to the A ssocia tion ’s inqu iries o r po lic ies w h ich m ig h t be a t va rian ce w ith w h g f em ­bo d ied in the b a rg a in in g agreem ent, and the ba rga in ing agent its e lf m ay be u n w illin g to d e le g a te its in te re s ts and p re rogatives, gained through a ba rga in ing election and the en­suing agreem ent, to an outside o rg a n iz a tio n .”

The Association could e ithe r w ith d ra w fro m c o lle c t iv e ba rga in ing a ltoge ther, except fo r c h a p te rs a lrea dy a c t iv e ly in ­volved, o r take the chances of pa rtic ip a tion .

Proponents o f w ith d ra w a l said

the repu ta tion fo r de tachm ent and continued cooperation from ad­m in s tra to rs would be m ainta ined. They also argued tha t ba rga in ing agents would cooperate i f the AAUP d id n ’ t come o ff as a r iv a l, and th a t the A A U P could pro tect its goals by o ffe rin g suggestions and c r it ic is m s of agreem ents from its p o s it io n o u ts id e the negotiations.

Opponents of w ith d ra w l c la im ed co llec tive ba rga in ing offered an expanded oppo rtun ity to make Association ideas e ffec tive and s tre n tg h e n its p o s it io n as spo kesm a n fo r co lle g e and u n ive rs ity facu lty .F u rthe rm o re , they argued tha t o rgain iza tions w ith less experience in h ig h e r e d u c a tio n and no t com m itted to v ita l professional p rinc ip les and p ractices could not be trusted to preserve them in negotiations; tha t exc lus ive agents would ignore the A A U P ; tha t even if the A A U P lost, the concern dem onstra ted w ould ensure proper concern fo r the A A U P goals; and tha t on ly the A A U P can o ffe r the leadersh ip needed in areas such as academ ic freedom and tenure.

A f te r c o n s id e r in g these argum ents in lig h t of the 1966 po licy S tatem ent on G overnm ent of Colleges and U n ive rs ities w h ich outlined a u th o rity vested in the facu lty as a whole (some argued

tha t a pow erfu l and w ea lthy agent m igh t preem pt th is power and in e f fe c t becom e a n o th e r a d ­m in is tra tio n fo r the facu lty to deal w i th ) , and the P o lic y on Representation of Econom ic and Professional In terests wh ich found co llec tive ba rga in ing barga in ing lo be a means of p rom oting AAUP p r in ic p le s and to s tre n g th e n facu lty au th o rity in line w ith the 1966 docum ent; and a fte r s tudying legal issues w h ich m ig h t mean the loss o f c e r ta in g o v e rn m e n t b e n e fits and e x e m p tio n s and sub ject the Association to federa l and state labor statutes, the AAUP Council m ade the fo llo w in g proposition October 30, 1971 which was passed in New Orleans six m onths la te r:

"T h e Association w ill pursue co llec tive ba rga in ing as a m a jo r add itiona l way of rea liz ing the A s s o c ia t io n ’s goa ls in h ig h e r education, and w ill a llocate such re so u rce s and s ta f f as a re necessary for the vigorous s e le c tiv e d e v e lo p m e n t o f th is a c t iv ity beyond present leve ls.”

A c c o rd in g to the C o u n c il’s position paper, “ a m a jo r ad­d itiona l w a y” m eant tha t co llec­tive ba rga in ing is “ not to be. pursued to the de trim en t of basic program s b u ilt up over h a lf a

(continued on pg. 10)

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c u r r ic u lu m , and p re s e n ta tio n methods. W ould they be ignored, reg re tfu l! dism issed from service, be included in the negotiated agreem ent, or be inv ited to par­tic ip a te in fu tu re decisions? A question also is raised about w hat so rt o f student reaction there would be if they were denied pa rtic ip a tion .

The academ ic councils also are placed in jeopardy by co llective barga ing because the co llective ba rga in ing agent becomes the o ff ic ia l m outhpiece of the facu lty . A c a d e m ic c o u n c ils and o th e r com m ittees involved in shared goverance m ust e ithe r cease to exist o r accept the ir reduction of scope and power, and try to cooperate w ith the agent and the adm in is tra tion .

O ther negative argum ents cover a m y ria d of areas. The one most frequen tly used is tha t co llective ba rga in ing w ill reduce facu lty fro m p ro fe s s io n a l te a ch e rs to c lock w atchers. Theargum ent goes tha t facu lty w ill reduce the tim e fo r student con­fe re n ce s , and l im i t th e ir prepa ra tion and g rad ing tim e to the hours provided in the contract. I f the papers a re n ’ t graded, the lec tu re prepared o r the student hasn’t a rr iv e d by q u ittin g tim e, then it w il l have to w a it u n til the next day.

Related to professionalism is in i t ia t iv e , w h ic h a n t i-c o lle c t iv e barga iners c la im w ill drop when m e rit increases a re scrapped in favo r of equal pay in accordance w ith the agreem ent.

When speaking of finances, a broad area is uncovered. F irs t, it

is quite expensive to maintain a bargaining unit, which is done mainly with high dues. Next the probability of occasional if not frequent raises for faculty require more money which could result in an increase in student fees or cutbacks in academic areas.

Before there can be cutbacks, money must be budgeted for academic programs. Who will decide how much academics get, and to go one step further, who will decide whether liberal arts or science gets more, before the decision comes down to a depart­mental level?

Students, according to stereotypes, have enough com­plaints about money. Some who protest collective bargaining fear that fee increases coupled with a reduction of assistance from their professors will result in counter pressure groups.possibly a student union. Some have extended this further lo involve staff unions. The overwhelming fear is that the administration will be locked in negotiations year round as each union raises its gripes._______

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Notre Dame Chapter, AAUP presents

DR. WOODLEY B.OSBORNENational Director of Collective

Bargaining, AAUP

COLLECTIVE BARGAINING

AND THE AAUP"W hat are the financial advantages? What about tenure and academic

freedom ?W hat steps preceed the formation

of a faculty union ?

Tues. Jan. 30, 8 p.m. University ClubRefreshments Served

Everyone Welcome

J i l l Whitney.

cerned, s im p ly because any union ba rga in ing agreem ent is not lik e ly to a llow fo r rew ards based on m erit A fte r a ll, a u n ive rs ity is a m eritoc racy , isn 't it, o r is tha t the m ed ieval view? F in a lly , i f we ever do m ove to w a rd c o lle c t iv e ba rga in ing on m atte rs tha t do not im p in g e on s tu d e n t- te a c h e r re la tionsh ips-he re I am th ink ing o f re t ire m e n t, in s u ra n c e , and tenure po licy as w e ll as policies on resource p r io r it ie s and cu rricu lu m developm ent-1 would ins is t tha t it be the AAU P , fo r it speaks fo r the a c a d e m ic —va lues to w h ic h I susbscribe. The un ive rs ity sits on sacred ground. I don 't w ant it soiled by union jackboots, no m a tte r how much unions have con tribu ted to the qu a lity of life in o ther areas.

Walter G. M il le r . (S): I th ink tha t eventua lly we w ill see the facu lty

nionized in the next tw en ty years. But I plan to re tire before then, and I would hope tha t it w ou ldn ’ t come to be here at N otre Dame. I th ink tha t t h j a rrangem ent we have now is qu ite sa tis fac to ry . (This in- duues the existence of the AA U P.)

Kenneth G a lb ra ith 's b o o k -I can ’t reca ll the t it le of the book-spoke of the concept of “ coun te rva iling pow er." He argued tha t when any pa rt of th economy grows ve ry strong, it a lm ost au tom atica lly breeds s< me k ind of power to check it. That is, fo r exam ple, when the producing corporations got m onopoly power, then things like the superm arkets rose to challenge them , so even though you had only a few producers of cornflakes, the superm arkets, by threatening to m ake th e ir own brands, fought back. As fa r as unions go, I th in k tha t in A m erica the strongest unions grew under the m ost o p p re ss ive con- d itions ....tha t is, the coal m iners, who re a lly had ve ry poor wages and very poor conditions, and the stee lworkers, who I th ink put in ten-hour days a t a do lla r a day. That oppression bred the strong unions in those fie lds, and so the U n ite d M in e w o rk e rs and the stee lw orkers and the autoworkers are very pow erfu l unions. Now college professors are s im p ly not tha t oppressed. The teaching load has n e v e r been te r r ib ly b u r ­densome. And even when salaries were not very high, back 25 o r 30 years ago, there was not a great m ovem ent fo r unions. The only union of teachers tha t I know a t a ll w e ll is at H a rlem , where I used to be a teacher fo r nine years, and I m ust say tha t I don’ t th ink the resu lts have been a ltoge ther too happy. That is, there has been a trem endous increase in the pay of public school teachers in New Y o rk , and I th ink th e ir m ax im um

sa la ry now is about $16,000 a year, so tha t a k inde rgarten teacher who has been on the job seven o r e ight years gets m ore a yea r than I do. I ’m not a rgu ing tha t they shouldn’ t but it 's a product of union power. And I don 't th ink tha t the schools have been im proved by the unions. The tendency is fo r the union to be in terested in paying and w ork ing conditions and so o n ; ve ry norm al, but tha t's pu tting its own in terests above tha t of the school's. M y own experience is tha t the teachers in New Y ork have a professional a ttitud e tha t is worse than i t used to be. When I was a teacher from 1948-1957 we re a lly d id w o rk together and we stayed a fte r school to coach o r assist students. When the p rin c ip a l asked us we a ll sort of p itched in. T h a t’s they way we do h e re - if anybody asks me to g ive a lectu re, say the one I ’m g iv ing tom orrow n igh t. I ' l l g ive it. I t 's p a rt o f the job. Under the union there 's a b ig fa t book tha t spells out w hat you ’re supposed to do. Y ou 're not supposed to keep records, you 're not supposed to do this, do tha t, and, when the p r in ­c ipa l asks you to help h im w ith a problem , like w r ite out the grades of the students fo r college, we w o n 't do tha t. They ca ll a m eeting and there 's a union delegate and so on. I 'm re a lly not sure tha t the $16,000 teacher of today is doing any b e tte r-o r indeed, as w e ll-a s I d id when I used to get $2,500. I f there were to be ways to increase salaries w ithou t destroying tha t sense, w h ich I th ink is a very precious one, of “ I like m y jo b ,” I m igh t support it. I 'm not on an assem bly line. I th ink tha t an assem bly line w o rke r whose job is du ll and depressing re a lly needs a union. I 'm not so sure about unions fo r professional people. I don’ t th ink doctors need one, fo r in ­stance. They seem to be doing w e ll enough. The question of a union at Notre Dame? I re a lly don’t know. There is no union as such; there is the A A U P , a p ro fe s s io n a l organization. I w ou ldn ’ t be a leader in such a m ovem ent. I re a lly don 't have any grievances. Since I 'v e come here nobody has ever made any objections to w hat I 've taught. I ’ve had u tte r freedom in the classroom. I th ink the w o rk ing conditions a re excellent. I ce rta in ly believe tha t a facu lty at Notre Dam e gets m ore c le rica l a ss is ta n ce , m o re re p ro d u c in g m a te ria ls , and so on, than any o ther place I 'v e been. So I th ink a lot of the grievances th a t m ig h t lead one to fo rm a union are nonexistant here.

Louis L. Hasley. ( A L ) : In the case of the state in s titu tion , I th ink an active union to barga in w ith the em p loyer is a desirab le th ing. I th ink the s itua tion is ra th e r d if­fe ren t in a p riva te in s titu tion because being p r iva te is in its e lf a th ing tha t suggests it has m ore contro l over w hat goes on. Now tha t doesn’t mean tha t the facu lty shouldn 't have some fo rm of pressure, of being heard, to see tha t i t is not a one-sided operation. I t should m ake use of th ings like the A AU P. and should be ve ry ac tive in doing this. I th ink , in th is in s titu tion , we have been active in the AA U P. and i t has brought about im m ensely im proved con­ditions fo r the facu lty . I don 't th ink it is a good th ing to m ake an ou trigh t con fronta tion where it could resu lt in a s tr ike . C e rta in ly

th is would be a las t resort and things would have to be in a despa ra te s itua tion fo r th is to be ju s tified .

f a m i l ia r w ith the a c tu a l o r proposed nature of facu lty unions. M y opposition to them is p a rtly a m a tte r of p rin c ip le ; I believe tru th should be spoken on ly in the context o f love and never out of the power o f dom ination or the b it ­terness of fru s tra tio n . Persona lly, m y ap o litica l a ttitude is rooted in the confidence tha t God w orks a ll th ings fo r good to those who love H im (Rom ans 8:28). I believe the p r in c ip le o f un io ns does vio lence to the professional and lib e ra l na ture of the u n ive rs ity and undercuts the c lim a te of tru s t which should sustain the com ­m un ity of scholars in a C hris tian u n ive rs ity such as N otre Dam e. I t generates b itterness by appealing to force where ra tio na l persuasion is ca lled fo r, and i t pretends to a p p ly o b je c tiv e s ta n d a rd s in m atte rs (such as the selection and eva luation of fa cu lty ) where there can be no ob jective measures; the m aintenance of a v ita l facu lty requires from the ad m in is tra tion a com bination of reason and in ­tu it iv e judgm ent w h ich can be reduced to no “ fa ir ” fo rm u la .

James A. Doubleday, ( A L ) : 1th ink tha t a facu lty union is an exce llent idea. The opposition to it from the facu lty side seems to be from those who believe tha t the re la tion between fa cu lty and ad­m in is tra tio n is not tha t of em ­ployee and em ployer, bu t tha t of equal pa rtners in decision-m aking- each pa rtn e r being granted his

specia l area of competence. That position m ay be a beau tifu l dream , but it has no re la tion to re a lity a t N otre Dam e. The ad m in is tra tion acts u n ila te ra lly on a ll m a jo r decisions; a t tim es, i t has not even accepted the provis ions fo r con­su lta tion tha t i t itse lf set up. In fact, the facu lty cannot be an equal pa rtne r in decis ion-m aking, fo r the facu lty is not to ld enough of the actua l fina nc ia l position of the U n ive rs ity to judge in te llig e n tly w hether a p a rtic u la r decision is fin a n c ia lly possible. The present re la tio n of the fa c u lty m em ber seeking a ra ise o r tenure to the A dm in is tra tion is tha t of a single, re la tiv e ly powerless in d iv id u a l to a m o n o lith ic , p o w e r fu l, and a n ­ta g o n is t ic fo rc e . T he A d ­m in is tra tio n does not even con­sider i t necessary to exp la in to the facu lty m em ber of his departm ent why a ra ise o r tenure is refused. The only w ay th is unpleasant, an ti- educational state of a ffa irs can change is i f facu lty m em bers unite and ba rga in co llec tive ly .

Monday, January 29, 1973

Frank Fahey. (A L ) : D u ring the'60 s u n iv e rs ity a d m in is t ra t io n gave facu lties increased salaries, fr in g e b e n e fits , and d e c is io n ­m aking powers. I t seemed a true partnersh ip had been form ed. However, w ith the advent o f the '70s and de fic it budgets, ad­m in is t ra to rs econo m ized by reducing the facu lty gains of the '60's in often tim es a un ila te ra l fashion. The facu lty.angeredm ore a t the way decisions were made, themselves unable to cope in ­d iv id u a l ly w ith a d m in is t ra t iv e fia t. I t appears inev itab le then tha t co llective action is the m ost e ffic ien t w ay fo r facu lties to achieve a m ore e ffec tive voice in the operation of un ive rs ities and p a rtic u la r ly , in those areas w h ich re la te d ire c tly to the conditions of w ork. In m any ways, N otre Dam e follows the above pattern.

B e rn a rd D o e r in g , ( A L ) : Academ ia has tra d itio n a lly found the idea of a teachers’ union so m e w h a t a b h o rre n t, b u t the m ovem ent fo r the un ionization of p ro fe sso rs has been g ro w in g recently and qu ite a num ber of campuses now have th e ir unions. The AAU P has always worked to pro tect the r igh ts of professors, but th is organ ization has no power beyond tha t of persuasion. The present cris is of the overabun­dance of professors puts ve ry m uch power in the hands of the adm in is tra tion , and considering recent developments a union m ay become a necessity. I f one is organizaed a t ND, I in tend to support it.

Tom Swartz. ( A L ) : C u rren tly , few of us re a lly know the answers to the hard questions surround ing facu lty un ionization. W hat we do know is our position and in fluence in a non-unionized environm ent. I f the act of fo rm in g a union a t N o tre Dam e would prov ide us w ith a m ore d ire c t invo lvem en t in the decision m aking process dealing w ith the U n iv e rs ity ’s academ ic life . I ’d be fo r it . I guess I ’ve

Peter T. Brady, Business A d ­m in is t r a t io n : I am no ta u to m a t ic a lly opposed to f o r ­m ation of a facu lty union o r to co llec tive barga in ing . In p r in ­cip le , I w ant to say tha t I ’m not in favo r of the idea of co llective ba rga in ing u n til such tim e as it would be c lea r w hat e ffo rts a union m ake on beha lf o f the facu lty , p rec ise ly how it would proceed or expect to proceed in engaging in co llec tive barga in ing . I th ink tha t the present m anner of deter- m ing fa cu lty compensation is not good. There does not exist, so fa r as I am aw are, a facu lty com ­pensation schedule; the m anner in w h ich salaries a re determ ined leaves a g rea t deal o f unanswered questions in the m inds of m any of the facu lty as to how such de te rm ina tions are made, and i t w ould be m y im pression tha t the ex is ting m ethod o f com pensating the facu lty is not necessarily an equitab le m ethod of compensation. I t is fo r tha t reason th a t I would be in te re s te d in p u rs u in g the po ss ib ility of organ ization of a b a rga in ing union fo r facu lty .

D r. Edgar M orr is , (Asst. Prof. Aero & Mch. Eng.)

“ I don’ t have a strong opinion at th is t im e .”

the observer 7grow n tired of the seem ingly en- d less m e e tin g w h e re fa c u lty opinions a re sought, received, and then disregarded.

In addition. I 'm becom ing in ­creas ing ly concerned about the d e te rio ra ting com pensation levels a t N o tre D am e. S a la ry in ­c rem e n ts -in c lu d in g the expanded level of fr ing e -b ene fits -d id not keep up w ith the ra te of in fla tio n last year. There is every in ­d ica tion tha t sa la ry increm ents w i l l be short of the rise in prices again th is year. I f the U n ive rs ity is counting on a “ so ft” labor m a rke t fo r academ ics to m a in ta in our co rrec t academ ic excellence, they a re m isled. The labo r m arke t is f irm in g up and m ore un­fo rtuna te ly , there is always a good m a rke t fo r your best people. M aybe union iza tion would get this across.

Dr. Gerald Jones, (Prof. Physics)“ The A A U P voted in its last

na tiona l m eeting to pursue it (u n io n iz a tio n ) m o re d e f in i te ly than in the past. I t is, however, not the m a in concern of the AAUP.

“ F o r m y estim ate , so fa r i t has been of m ore im portance in sm a ll schools. I th ink th a t there are schools w here i t is the on ly feasible m e c h a n is m fo r e s ta b lis h in g re la tions between the fa cu lty and ad m in is tra tion .

“ I t is not the s truc tu re tha t I would m ost p re fe r to see in a u n ive rs ity , but in some places i t is the on ly one possible.

“ A t the present tim e I would oppose i t (a t ND) I have m ixed emotions. The m ost s ig n ifica n t th ing in m y m ind is the cha racte r o f the re la tionsh ip between the facu lty and ad m in is tra tio n in the u n ive rs ity . I f the re la tionsh ip be tw een the fa c u lty and a d ­m in is tra tio n becomes not one of m u tua l cooperation but one of antagonism , then one has to th ink o f u n io n iz a tio n as a p o ss ib le solution fo r o rgan iz ing the facu lty .

“ B as ica lly I w ou ldn ’ t lik e the idea o f belonging to a union, bu t i t | M y be necessary.”

...The Collective B

8 the observer Monday, January 29, 1973

Collective Bargaining: MSU StoryAs m em bers o f the M ich igan State U n ive rs ity

facu lty re tu rned last fa ll from sum m er semesters elsewhere, vacations and jobs w h ich supplem ented th e ir liv e figu re sa laries, they faced the m ost intense pa rt o f a cam paign to choose e ith e r a co llec tive ba rga in ing agent o r no agent to represent them before the S partan a d m in is tra to rs .

The co llec tive ba rga in ing issue had been b rew ing fo r m ore than a yea r and was f in a lly decided by a two day election in m id-O ctober. In January 1972 a rep o rt was given to facu lty m em bers w h ich expla ined the com ­p lica tions, m yths and possible benefits of co llec tive ba rga in ing . I t took the Ad Hoc U n ive rs ity Com m ittee on C o llective B a rg a in in g a fu ll yea r to prepare it.

Tw o m onths la te r the MSU F a cu lty Associates iM S U F A ), an a ff il ia te of the M ich igan Education Association w h ich negotiates facu lty problem s from k inde rga rten through high school, pe titioned the M ic h ig a n E m p lo y m e n t R e la tio n s C o m m iss io n tM E R C ) fo r an election.

By M ay, the M SUFA and the loca l A m erican Association o f U n ive rs ity P rofessors (A A U P ) were ce rtif ie d as e leg ib le agents by the com m ission. However, the M SUFA, in consulta tion w ith the MSU ad m in is tra tio n , was allow ed to define the ba rga in ing unit com position because i t had presented the p r im a ry pe tition to the M ER C . I t consisted of signatures from :!() per cent of the e lig ib le facu lty . Subsequent pe titioners needed on ly 10 per cent. The A A U P p a r­tic ip a ted in the discussion, but i t could not b lock any decisions.

A lthough the A A U P could not b lock, the fin a l ba rga in ing u n it defined by th e ir r iv a l d iffe re d on ly in tha t the A A U P ’s model included departm ent cha irm en who they considered colleagues, ra th e r than ad­m in is tra to rs . and func tiona l un its w ith in the u n ive r­s ity .

th e M SU FA un it included fu ll tim e teaching and research fa cu lty from professor through specia list, and a ll ranks h a lf tim e fo r three o r m ore consecutive te rm s ; nonacadem ic s ta ff a t non-supervisory levels: lib ra r ia n s , non-supervisory d irec to rs of academ ic p rogram s, a rtis ts in residence, counselors and academ ic adv iso rs ; and excluded groups such as extension personnel who hold no ran k in academ ic un its such as associate, assistant, and d irec to rs of a d m in is tra tiv e un its : assistant, associate and fu ll deans; research associates; popt-doctoral fe llow s- d iv is io na l lib ra r ia n s and others.

The Report

About Sept. 27 the ad hoc rep o rt was d is tr ibu te d to departm ent cha irm en , and positions of the A A U P and MSUFA on academ ic governance and grievance procedures (tw o o f the live m a jo r issues cam paign; the others a re sa laries , pro fessionalism and pros and cons of co llec tive ba rga in ing ) appeared in the State News.

G enera lly , the re p o rt contained these com m ents:1) C o llec tive ba rga in ing presents no in ev itab le ha rm

to h ighe r education, and that union m em bers w ill de te rm in e how w e ll it works. I t c ites the high professional im age o f the A M A as an exam ple of the resu lts o f m em bersh ip pa rtic ip a tion .

2) Students m ig h t fo rm counter pressure groups i f student fees a re ra ised to meet sa la ry fa cu lty raises resu ltin g from co llec tive ba rga in ing netotiations.

:i) Unionized facu lty m igh t have m ore power to deal w ith the leg is la tu re than a t present, but i t is not au tom a tic because of o ther groups com peting fo r funds and because union iza tion m ig h t add resentm ent to the c u rre n tly none to favo rab le pub lic op in ion towards h igher education.

4) M e rit increases could be w r itte n in to con tracts thus avo id ing any lack of in it ia t iv e fostered by the e lim in a tio n of m e r it increases in favo r of equal sa la ry scales across the board.

.')) The powers of academ ic governance would have to be c le a rly defined, and academ ic councils would e ith e r cease to exist o r redefine th e ir position in the s tru c tu re o f academ ic governance.

(!) G rievancesw ou ld p robab ly be handled in fo rm a lly at f irs t, in the case of co llec tive ba rga in ing , and then fo rm a lly and in good fa ith through a neu tra l a rb itra to r.

The A A U P . through its d ire c t m a ilin g and bu lle tin board cam paign, said co llec tive ba rga in ing would im prove present academ ic governance s tructu res by estab lish ing a u th o rity w ith in a con tra c tua l agreem ent.

I f e lected agent, the AAU P said i t would establish budget p r io r it ie s , increase fa cu lty com pensation by increasing ava ila b le funds and using them e ffec tive ly , and m od ify the grievance procedure as the facu lty desires.

The M S U FA , c la im in g academ ic governance is adv iso ry in na tu re by de fin ition , said i t does not adequately deal w ith econom ic m a tte rs , and tha t the association would negotiate m a tte rs both outside the scope o f governance and not s a tis fa c to rily resolved by governance s truc tu res . R egard ing gre ivances, the association said tha t i f the present s tru c tu re is re jected , the negotiated one should be s im ila r to other unionized un ive rs ities to p ro tect and define con trac t language.

E a r ly in the sem ester some observers pred ic ted the no agent option would w in, and tha t facu lty w ou ld vote for it s im p ly to end the issue. A ttendance a t various fo rum s was d isappointing, and one facu lty leader a ttr ib u te d the apathy to a fee ling of anom ie and the fee ling by ind iv idu a ls tha t they have no power o f in ­

"Change is inevitable.

collective bargain ing th

changes that are occuring."

"No Agent" tallied 60 percent of the votes

cast by 84 percent of the elligible faculty.

V\

F a c u l ty m ee t ing s on c o l le c t iv e b a rg a in in g at MSU were not well a t ­tended and the issue d idn 't arouse much tension.

fluence when it comes to elections.The one m eeting tha t was successful was held the

f irs t week of October and drew nearly 200 persons. I t fea tured the na tiona l A AU P president, the loca l president-e lect of the M SUFA and a spokesman against co llec tive barga in ing . They agreed tha t academ ic governance, gre ivance procedures and sa laries were the top issues, but d iffe red in th e ir ap­proaches.

M a ry Tom pkins and W alte r Adam s, of the M SUFA and A AU P respective ly , agreed tha t unionization would g ive m ore negotia ting power. Tom pkins said, “ Change is inevitab le . I t is on ly through co llec tive ba rga in ing th a t we can meet the changes tha t are occu rin g ."

Adam s, an MSU economist, com m ented, "W e live in an era of in s titu tion a l bigness. The in ­d iv idu a l has lost his voice and m ust jo in co llec tive ly to con tro l his des tiny .”

Econom ics professor Thomas M oore argued, “ This separa tion of em ployee-em ployer would lead to a change in U n ive rs ity values. The e ffect of sa la ry leve ling is to fo rge t the m e rit system and eventua lly level the q u a lity o f th is U n iv e rs ity .”

The cam paign was w e ll conducted w ith on ly two near cases of a ttack ing one another’s tac tics , accord ing to State News accounts. On October 9 i t was reported tha t the Com m ittee of Concerned F a cu lty (CCF) c ritic ize d a M SUFA f l ie r w h ich said, “ On Oct. 23, 24 you w ill choose a professional negotiations agen t.”

The CCF said the purpose of the vote is to choose fo r o r against co llec tive ba rga in ing , not who the agent w ill be. Tom pkins rep lied by ca llin g the c r it ic is m “ a senseless case of n itp ic k in g .” The CCF opposed co llec tive barga in ing.

However, i t was possible to chose both co llec tive ba rga in ing and an agent in the election. A s im ple m a jo r ity of those vo ting was a ll tha t was needed fo r v ic to ry . I f e ithe r the M SUFA o r AAU P won, it would be a vote fo r co llec tive ba rga in ing and the p a rtic u la r agent. I f a s im p le m a jo r ity was not pooled by any option, the top two would run off.

The o ther c r it ic is m cam e Oct. 23, the f irs t day of the e lection, and stem m ed from an open le tte r to MSU President C lifton , R. W harton on Oct. 19 fro m the CCF. The open le tte r concluded tha t co llec tive ba rga in ing was not the answer to ge tting increased consideration fo r v iews expressed by the F a cu lty A ffa irs and F acu lty Com pensation Com m ittee (FA FC C ). The answer, accord ing to the CCF, was in W harton ’s hands, who m ust m ake his im p lic it confidence in the fa cu lty ex­p lic it.

Th is drew an equa lly la rge (36.75 colum n inches) open le tte r to the fa cu lty from the AAUP, w h ich said the fa cu lty shouldn’ t depend on anyone’s patronage, and should have equal ba rga in ing cap a b ility w ith the a d m in is tra tion .

Viewpoints and Rebuttal

A few days before the election began three v iew poin ts appeared on the ed ito ria l pages of the State News . The opposition, w ritte n by fo rm e r local AAU P president H aro ld H a rt, said co llec tive ba rga in ing makes the ad m in is tra tion an adversa ry , fosters m ed io c rity by en tic ing facu lty to ju m p at o ffers which break local union payscales, tha t h igher sa laries would

A collage o f c lippings f ro m the MSU student paper.

be m et by h igher tu itio n o r d raw ing from academ ic budgets, and tha t the described ba rga in ing un it ex­cludes m any top facu lty .

The AAU P argum ent, made by executive council m em ber S igmund Nosow, asked fo r evidence tha t co llec tive barga in ing produces m ed io c rity and tha t sa laries w ill be negotiated to the de trim en t of educational needs. He said the A AU P was ve ry dem ocra tic and would be a strong agent. Nosow concluded that the problem is not w hat the fa cu lty and a d m in is tra tion disagree over, but w hat is im posed on the U n ive rs ity by the la rg e r com m unity .

C hris topher Sower, a sociologist, favored the M SUFA and c la im ed the AAU P was a “ Do nothing o rgan iza tion ,” w h ich w ou ldn ’t defend outspoken young facu lty and th e ir ideas w h ich go beyond tra d itio n a l and outmoded methods and ideas. He said the facu lty could contro l the M SUFA. w h ile i t cannot con tro l the departm ent cha irm an and school d irec to rs elected by organized power blocks w h ich are not eager to re linqu ish th e ir power.

On Oct. 20 P rovost John Cantlon’s com m ents in an e a rly October new sle tte r were answered by the AAU P and M SUFA by c la im in g the opposite o r saying there is no evidence to support Cantlon’s statem ents.

Cantlon w ro te tha t co llec tive ba rga in ing w ould lead to u n ifo rm ity and r ig id ity of the facu lty , tha t academ ic freedom would be h u rt because facu lty would have to g ive up the ir ro le in a w ide range of decision m aking processes, tha t e ffo rts to invo lve students in academ ic governance would be undone and tha t an unnecessary second grievance procedure would have to be added.

In the weekly new sle tte r before the vote, P resident W h a rto n cam e ou t f i r m ly a g a in s t c o lle c t iv e ba rga in ing , fea ring “ Serious d e te r io ra tio n " of academ ic re la tionsh ips. ‘ ‘ C o lle c t iv ebarga in ing , I am a fra id , would replace th is m u tu a lly developed and supported association w ith an im ­personal and adversa ry re la tionsh ip ,” W harton w rote.

W harton said his m a jo r fea r is the e ffect on facu lty m anagem ent function, w h ich includes de te rm in ing content and presentation of sub ject m a tte r, and p a r­tic ipa tion on the academ ic council and senate. He said this im pu t is needed by the adm in is tra tion .

As the election approached each group proemed the ir feathers fo r last m inu te statem ents of th e ir qua lifica tions. Several la rge ads appeared in the State News inc lud ing a fu ll page d isp lay lis ting nearly 360 facu lty who would vote “ no agen t,” and an 84 colum n inch rectange em pty except fo r the fo llow ing coi im e n t w h ich was centered, “ We are s t i l l concerned! Today is the last day - vote no agent’ The C om m ittee o f Con­cerned F a c u lty ;” and a 42 colum n inch ad by the A AUP.

"N o a g en t" ta llied 60 percent of the votes cast by 84 percent of the e lig ib le facu lty . M SUFA nailed down 21 percent and the AAUP garnered 14 percent. The other five percent was locked up in challenge votes. Another election cannot be held fo r a year accord ing to state law.

W harton said the vote was an expression o f con­fidence in the governance system , but tha t the 718votes fo r an agent indicated unresolved problem s. FAFCC c ha irm an F red W illiam s said the vote indicates the present system is w orkab le , but the ad m in is tra tion shouldn’ t construe the vote as one of confidence.

The AAU P said it would continue to pro tect academ ic freedom and im prove academ ic gover­nance. but the M SUFA said it would be back next year. In the m eantim e it w ill w ork to convince he facu lty tha t co llec tive ba rga in ing is best fo r MSI .

Monday, January 29, 1973 the observer 9

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Collective Bargaining: Inevitable?by Paul Rathburn

L ike the F a ll of Rome, the re fo rm of the litu rg y , and the dawning of h igher education fo r women, pro fessoria l co llective ba rga in ing m ay tu rn out to be one of those “ h is to rica l in e v ita b ilit ie s ” against w h ich, in the la tte r day, i t is qu ite useless to strugg le . Under the auspices, presum ably, of the A .A .U .P ., the N .E .A ., and the A .F T ., the un ionization of college and un ive rs ity facu lties m ay move as ra p id ly in the 70’s as did the organization of p r im a ry and secondary teachers in the 60’s. Once the m ovem ent began, i t took the N .E.A. and the A F T. less than nine years to unionize 70 percent of A m e ric a ’s schoolteachers.

Quite obviously such predictions are prem ature . B u t the facts of the facu lty union m ovem ent are d ra m a tic and s ta rtlin g . One hundred twenty-one fou r-year and 147two-year campuses have been organized since 1969- 1970. Weeks a fte r the national A .A .U .P .’s h is to ric endorsement of co llec tive ba rga in ing las t A p r il in New Orleans, five local A .A .U .P . Chapters were elected as negotiating representatives fo r th e ir facu lties. Today, less than one yea r a fte r tha t decision, A .A .U .P . loca l chapters have been elected as ba rga in ing agents a t 18 campuses inc lud ing among them : St. Johns U n iv e r­s ity , Rutgers. Delaware, Rhode Is land U n ive rs ity , and Wayne State. E lections are pending a t the U n ivers ities of Illin o is , Massachusetts, M innesota, Nebraska, Syracuse, W isconsin, W ashington, and dozens other. The Wall Street Journal estim ated recen tly tha t close to 100,000 professors and teaching assistants are a lready represented by co llec tive ba rga in ing agents. As one ad m in is tra to r put i t recently , the “ spectre tha t has been haunting h igher educa tion -the spectre of co llec tive b a rg a in in g -is now a liv in g presence.”

Some, but not a ll of the reasons fo r th is rem arkab le developm ent are obvious. P rofessors are not im m une lo such considerations as salaries and economic fringe benefits. An exam ple is the U n ive rs ity of H aw a ii which was unionized on ly a fte r its facu lty were denied sa la ry increases fo r two consecutive years. F o r fou r consecutive years the national A .A .U .P .’s Report on the Economic Status o f the Profession has reported that the change in the status of the profession “ is worse than it was a yea r ago.”

Accord ing to Econom ist P ete r O. S teiner “ The rea l (constant d o lla r) value of the average facu lty sa la ry has dipped to s lig h tly less than it was three years ago, and the trend tow ard g reater reduction in the years ahead is unm istakeab le .” The record on th is count, at least, is ve ry c lea r: salaries and fr i..g e benefits ju m p sharp ly upw ard on campuses where co llec tive

ba rga in ing prevails . W here there is no facu lty union, the pro fessor’s purchasing power has continued to erode.

Others have turned to co llec tive ba rga in ing in self- defense. in the face of ris in g teaching loads, unreasonable c u rta ilm e n t of facu lty size, and in some places the freezing o r even abolishing of tenure. B ut the most im p o rtan t issues, by fa r, have not been re lated e ither to money or to tenure. F rom the beginning the A .A .U .P . has stressed tha t i t does not consider co llec tive ba rga in ing an end in itse lf. The Association has stressed tha t its cen tra l purpose in endorsing co llec tive ba rga in ing is to gain recognition by u n ive rs ity ad m in is tra to rs of A .A .U .P . p rinc ip les of academ ic freedom and tenure, of facu lty p a rtic ip a tion in un ive rs ity governance, and shared au th o rity in the a lloca tion of resources. The precise w ord ing of the A ssociation’s o rig in a l endorcem ent illu s tra te s the po in t: “ The A .A .U .P . w ill puruse co llective

Prof. Paul Rathburn is President of the Notre Dame Chapter o f the AAUP. He is a m ember o f the Notre Dame English Department.

barga in ing as a m a jo r additional way o f rea liz ing the Association's goals in h igher education .”

Here a t N otre Dam e the A .A .U .P . Chapter has taken no stand on co llec tive barga in ing . Indeed, u n til now there has been no pub lic discussion of the m any issues involved. No one here, to m y knowledge, forsees any headlong rush in the d irec tion of the union m ovem ent. In fact, anyone fa m ilia r w ith facu lty de liberations, debates, and decision-m aking processes w ill sm ile at the idea of any u n ive rs ity facu lty rush ing headlong as a group in any single d irec tion . Nonetheless, the Notre Dame Chapter has expressed concern on several oc­casions over w hat seems to be the decreasing im pact of facu lty bodies upon the in te rn a l operation of the U n ive rs ity . M ost notable in th is regard was the report en titled The Role o f Facu l ty in Univers ity Governance. Th is s tatem ent was d is tribu ted to the en tire facu lty as w e ll as to the A dm in is tra tion , the o ffice rs of the A lum n i Association, and to the Board of Trustees. I t read in p a rt:

“ In fact, the in fluence of such facu lty bodies upon u n ive rs ity po licy seems to be decreasing. There is an increased tendency to m ake im p o rtan t un ive rs ity p o licy in the academ ic rea lm by a d m in is tra tive p ro c la m a tion .”The report, as a whole, deserves to be read. I t cites five specific situa tions by way of concrete illu s tra tio n . Any a ttem p t to sum up these situa tions here could only resu lt in d is to rtion and would be redundant in any event. I t should be noted, however, tha t the Chapter has, as yet, received no substantive rep ly to the report.

Le t me repeat. The N o tre Dam e Chapter is not seeking to organize the facu lty . O ur concern ra th e r is to help the fa cu lty to rem a in w e ll in form ed. Notre Dam e m ay w e ll be p rec ise ly the k ind of in s titu tio n in w h ich co llec tive ba rga in ing w ill prove to be un­necessary. Sure ly there is here a long and enviable tra d itio n of academ ic freedom . Perhaps we m ay add to this in the fu tu re an increasing m u tu a lity of un­derstand ing concern ing the proper ro le of the facu lty in u n ive rs ity governance. C o llective ba rga in ing a t Notre Dame m ay not be an “ h is to rica l in e v ita b il ity .” But tha t is a decision w h ich only the facu lty , and the facu lty as a whole, m ust make.

The Observer is to be congra tu la ted on the publication of th is specia l supplem ent precise ly because the com plex issues surrounding co llec tive ba rga in ing m ust be discussed fu lly and openly. F o r the same reason, the N otre Dam e Chapter of A .A .U .P . is sponsoring an evening w ith D r. Woodley B. Osborne, N ational D irec to r of C ollective B arga in ing fo r the A .A .U .P . The e n tire facu lty , is, of course, inv ited .

10 the observer Monday, January 29, 1973

Goerner: No Collective Bargaining( continued fro m pg. 5)

financial bases, and in terms of long-range, m ulti-generational perspectives. Each scholar is easily inclined to be uninterested in both practical matters and even in the whole body of learning much of which lies outside his ken. But surely those defects can be overcome by a wise choice of basic institutions, including that of a strong presiding officer, expected and empowered to lead.

On the other hand, the unionizing bourgeois university has some fatal flaws, ft tends to produce an adversary relationship bet­ween the capitalists ( trustees and administrators) and hirelings (faculty) that is seldom in the best interest of the student body and it tends to warp and undermine the vocation of the scholar.

Concerned essentia lly w ith in ­c re a s in g w ages and eas ing w o rk ing conditions, facu lty unions a re as li t t le lik e ly as other unions to show a pow erfu l concern fo r the econom ic consequences of th e ir acts on the consum er (the student) o r the em p loyer (the un ive rs ity as legal c o rp ra tio n ). Th is is no sm a ll m a tte r when p riva te un ivers ities are in f ina nc ia l s tra its , are often in danger of bankrup tcy , and have pushed tu itio n charges to a level tha t keeps out whole segments of the popu lation and leaves m any students w ith heavy debts.

The m em bers of a u n ive rs ity tha t was a self-governing com ­m un ity o f scholars could not help tak in g respons ib ility fo r decisions in such m atte rs . T ha t is to say, the m em bers of a fa cu lty in such a u n ive rs ity would find i t necessary to act like m a tu re and fu ll hum an beings who take on th e ir shoulders the burdens of life in a com m un ity and who face and weigh the con­sequences of th e ir acts. The m em bers of a fa cu lty labo r union, on the o ther hand, place them ­se lves in an o rg a n iz a t io n a l fram ew ork in w h ich the stunted, sm a ll souled and alienated per­ceptions o f bourgeois egoism play the leading role.Sure ly someone w ill say tha t in a u n ive rs ity tha t is a self-governing com m u n ity of scholars, the facu lty m ig h t find it necessary to take on a ll sorts of add itiona l burdens in c lu d in g even m a jo r s a la ry re d u c t io n s u n d e r h a rd c i r ­cum stances. No doubt they would. And no doubt someone is th ink ing of the lu re of a tw en ty -five percent sa la ry increase dangled before the eyes o f the fa cu lty in the la test A A U P f ly e r on c o lle c t iv e ba rga in ing .

B u t it is a t p recise ly th is po int I hat the scho la r m ost needs to re fle c t on his choice o f vocation. W hich of you is so w itless tha t he

could not easily have found a way to gain from two to ten times his present income? Which of you is so witless as not to have been able to find a line of work that would pay you. a full professor, at least double the (legal) salary of a New York cop. Which of you is so witless as not to have known he was not choosing opulence when he chose the life of a scholar? And which of you is so witless as to have no inkling of why the choice was as it was? If there is someone as witless as that, he is too dull to presume to teach anything.

The modest incom e of scholars is product o f tw o things. Most serious and pure scho larsh ip is not an a c t iv ity tha t is p roductive in any m a te ria l sense, except ac­c id e n ta lly and as a by-product as it were. The mass o f men who deal in m a te ria l w ea lth are na tu ra lly inc lined to suppose tha t m an lives by bread alone, to va lue lig h tly the scho la r's words and tru ths and so pay li t t le fo r them. He cannot help wondering, since he is in no good position to judge, w hether the scho la r’s “ tru th s ” a re not ju s t so m uch h ig h -s o u n d in g v e rb a l flu m m e ry designed to hoodwink h im out of his money. And he is not a lw ays wrong in tha t suspicion.

The second reason fo r scho la r’s modest incomes is deeper and m ore cen tra l. A t the bottom of our most, ancient scho la rly trad itions, both pagan and Christian., is a perception tha t, however hard he m ay have to w ork fo r them , the scho lars’ tru ths a re not u ltim a te ly his own in the m ost im portan t re sp e c t b u t a re graces , in ­t r in s ic a l ly p u b lic , in t r in s ic a l ly com m unicable, in tr in s ic a lly given.At the bottom of our m ost ancient

scho la rly trad itions , both pagan and C h ris tian , is a perception tha t each of our tru ths is bu t a flash ing speck re lec ting the adam antine b rillian ce of an e te rna l T ru th , the ground and source of our tru ths poor ligh t. In tha t trad ition , the scho la r is a k ind of p ries t, a m ed ia to r between God, under the d iv ine nam e of tru th , and man. In tha t tra d itio n the scholar who takes on the awesome ris k of such a vocation trem bles lest he be tray his priesthood, lest he seem to say tha t i t is by bread alone tha t m an lives ; he trem bles lest the non­scho la r th ink tha t the words tha t com e fo rth from the m outh of God even by the c ircu itous rou te of the scho la r’s in q u iry a re fo r sale, are no be tte r than bread. In tha t tra d itio n the scho la r refuses to take any m ore fo r his liv in g than he re a lly needs fo r fea r tha t the rea l teaching of his life is tha t riches a re be tte r than a tru th which is peddled to the highest bidder, fo r fea r tha t some poor m an m ay be denied a tru th he

ought to know. And the scholar in that tradition finally accepted his sometimes narrow finances when smart muffler-shop kings and mouthwash peddlers lived off the fat of the land because he knew that, in our strange world where hard choices are the rule, the joy of a single great truth known and shared, even if only imperfectly, was a joy richer than riches, because he knew that even only the memory of such a joy was worth more than the whole stock market, because he knew that he had had a glimpse, if only sideways and for a moment ( like those shooting stars one sees on a summer’s night out of the corner of the eye and that are gone before one can look at them straight on), of the divine Truth itself.

O f cou rse th e re is a n o th e r conception o f the tru th tha t em ­phasizes the p riva te dim ension of every tru th , tha t emphasizes the power and m a te ria l value of tru ths. And there is a tru th to such a view. I t ought not be denied. I t ought not be hidden. No m ore than I he tru th of the eth ic o f bourgeois ind iv idua lism ought to be denied o r hidden. But those tru ths are in l i t t le danger o f being hidden or denied today. There a re the dom inant tru ths.

W hat is in danger of being denied or hidden today is tha t other, ancient trad ition . And i f we do not liv e by tha t trad ition , who w ill? We who constitu te a un ive rs ity tha t c la im s to be C hris tian , we who teach under the patronage of a wom an who bore her son in a stab le w ithou t com p la in t, we who are he irs and successors of Sorin and his lit t le ban d who cam e to the w ilderness and lived in log shacks to share the tru ths they knew. M ake no m is take : the in ­d iv id u a lis t’s rep ly , tha t anyone can do tha t by h im se lf i f he wants to w ith the proceeds of his 25 per cent h igher, unionized sa la ry , is not to the point. The tra d itio n I speak of requires a com m unal, a p u b lic m a n ife s ta t io n , an organized, social fo rm

N otre Dam e stands between those two worlds. She is m oving tow ard the bourgeois corpora te fo rm of ed-bus. She is m oving ten ta tive ly but she is sam pling the de lights of the bourgeois w orld . No one who is fa m il ia r w ith the s ign ificance of names and name changes w ill fa il to notice the im portance of the developm ent in the M ain B u ild ing o f a t itu la ry s tru c tu re la rge ly based on the bourgeois business corpora tion. N or w ill he fa il to notice vast o rg a n iz a t io n a l changes o f a s im ila r sort in recent decades, changes tha t the new t itu la ry s truc tu re expresses qu ite w e ll No one who is fa m il ia r w ith the great

increase in discussion of collective bargaining among faculty members can fail to see a significant change in spirit and perception.

I mention the administration first because unionization of the faculty is not wholly a matter of faculty decision. Unless the masters of our corporate capital

find I he vision and the courage to help us come into a modern and layman’s version of the best of Sorin's heritage of generosity of spirit, great heartedness. mature toughness and responsibility, Notre Dame will slide, perhaps against the wills of most of us, into I he stunted mold of ed-bus. A self- governing community of scholars a I Notre Dame will require a substantial restructuring of our formal . legal institutions as well.

As for the faculty, there is, it seems to me. still enough memory of and nostalgia for dashed and frozen youthful hopes among us to take another direction.

Yet who will be our Sorin? Fr. Hesburgh, for a ll his having learned the flat and spiritless jargon of the captains of education in the Rockefeller and Carnegie Corporations, has still in .his person, his speech, his life enough of Sorin's generosity of spirit to make yet one more great turn in his life, to come back out of Egypt, lo become one of us again, a scholar, to help us march together through our inner wilderness (much more difficult than the outer wilderness Sorin faced). Nothing less will justify his oft- expressed respect for the sacrifices they made who lie in the cemetery beyond the lakes.

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Phone: 233-4747

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I PLACEMENT BUREAU |Main Building

(continued f ro m pg. 4)

c e n tu ry ” and now in g re a t dem and; but in the words of the A A U P constitu tion , “ to increase the usefulness and advance the standards, ideals, and w e lfa re of the profession.”

B y “ v ig o ro u s selective deve lopm ent” the Council said I hat na tiona l s ta ff m em bers w ill m eet w ith chap te r o ffice rs to m ake v a r io u s assessments b e fo re na tiona l s ta ff, tim e and assistance is g ra n te d . A m on g the assessments a re : can co llec tiveba rga in ing a t the p a rtic u la r in ­s t i tu t io n a c h ie v e d e s ire d and d e s ira b le o b je c tiv e s , lo c a l resources of m oney and m an­p o w e r, c o m p o s itio n o f the proposed barga ing un it,con fidence of the m em bers in the un it, and the opposition ’s strength.

The o ther am biguous phrase, “ beyond present leve ls ,” means tha t up to an add itiona l $100,000 m igh t be budgeted fo r the calender y e a r 1972. D u ring the 1971

calender yea r $120,000 was used, o f w h ich ap p ro x im a te ly one ha lf w e n t in to d e v e lo p in g p o lic y , d issem inating in fo rm a tio n and g iv ing advice. This m oney came from a $1.74 m illio n budget w h ich is pro jected to reach as h igh as $1.85 m illio n th is year. A lthough this p ro jection is based on a request tha t m em bers pay 20 percent beyond th e ir u s u a l dues, the C o u n c il exp e c ts the c o lle c t iv e b a rg a in in g in v e s tm e n t to be sub s tan tia lly m ore than in the past.

In reaching th e ir 20 to 11 decision, the Council fe lt i t was p ro tec ting A A U P princ ip les , and noted tha t con tracts have been m ade w h ic h “ p re c lu d e the p oss ib ility of a hearing on a sub­s ta n t iv e issue o f a c a d e m ic freedom , a llow fo r decisions of te n u re w ith o u t p ro v is io n fo r facu lty pa rtic ip a tion , and do not g ra n t any rev iew o f an ad­m in is t r a t iv e d e c is io n no t to reappoin t a nontenured teacher.”

T he C o u n c il a lso fe lt the p ro p o s it io n w o u ld lead to a

specialized model of co llective b a rg a in in g needed by h ig h e r education, because its goals are d iffe re n t from those of blue co lla r labor.

F in a lly , the Council fe lt m ore chapters would become agents. The f irs t AAU P chapter to become a ba rga in ing un it was a t B e llv iew A rea College in I llin o is in 1967. The la rgest chapter agent represents the th re e cam p us R u tg e rs U n ive rs ity in New Jersey. There a re now 18 chapters acting as ba rga in ing agents.

B ut there have been setbacks too. In 1969 the A AU P lost three of six New Jersey state colleges, the State U n ive rs ity of New Y ork in 1970 and 14 Pennsylvania state colleges in 1971 a ll to the N ational E d u c a tio n A s s o c ia t io n ; and na rrow ly lost to the no agent option at the U n ive rs ity of D e tro it and Fordham .

However, now tha t the AAU P has taken a c le a r position, and has pledged s ta ff and money to the cause, the national leaders feel m ore v ic to ries a re in the fu ture .

INTERVIEWS FOR WEEK OF FEBRUARY 1

Interviews are for seniors and graduate students. Sign-up sched- 5ules are in Room 207, Main Bldg. Interview times must be selected 5 and signed for in person. Hours are 8:00 a.m. to 5:00 p.m. each day, except Friday. The Placement Manual gives additional informa­tion regarding interviews and procedures.

S2 FEB. 1 American Air Filter Co., Inc.BS in M.E., E.E., Ch.E., G.E., M.E.I.O. Corps of Engineers, Chicago District.BS, MS in G.E. BS in M.E. BBA in Acct. duPont Glore Forgan Inc.MBA with Finance background.Federal Highway Administration.BS, MS in G.E.NCR. (National Cash Register Co.)B,M,D in E.E. and M.E.

FEB. 2 The First National Bank of Chicago.B. in Lib. Arts.Lybrand, Ross Bros. & Montgomery.BBA in Acct. MBA. with Acct. background.

Employer information. Alternatives. Teaching. Summer. Action/Peace Corps/Vista. Federal Service.

Room 222, Administration Bldg.

1/18/73h iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiin iiiiiiiiiu iiiiiiiiim iu H iiiii iiiu iiiiiiiiiiu m iii

Monday, January 29, 1973 the observer 1 1

Student Union offers Nassau tripby Bob Quackenbush

Staff Reporter

“ II you w ant to preserve and deepen you r F lo rid a tan o r have the opportun ity to obtain a tan of s im ila r beauty, then the w arm , sunnv. c lear, and d ry c lim a te of Nassau is the ideal spot fo r you to enjoy you r spring b reak ,” says Monte Kearse.

Kearse is t r ip coord inator fo r the S tuden t U n ion S e rv ice s C om ­mission, w h ich is sponsoring a tr ip to Nassau M arch 9-16. W orking in c o n ju n c t io n w ith V a c a tio n e rs In te rn a t io n a l o f A nn A rb o r , M ich igan, the com m ission is of­fe ring a tra ve l package to a ll m em bers of the Notre Dame-St. M a ry ’s com m un ity . P riced at $189, the package includes round -trip plane fare from D e tro it to Nassau, hotel fees, and da ily breakfasts. Vacationers w ill be responsible fo r the ir own luncheons and evening meals.

The M ontagu Beach Hotel w ill accomodate those who tra ve l to Nassau in M arch. I t boasts a tra d itio n as a rendezvous fo r ro ya lty and m ovie queens, and its 37 acres sport a p riva te beach, tennis courts, and a fresh w a te r sw im m ing pool.

Knthusiastic about the in terest generated thus fa r, Kearse is

hopeful tha t a sizable portion of the ND-SMC com m unity w ill take advantage of th is opportun ity . He notes. “ We had 20 defin ites the firs t day ticke ts went on sale, w ith the t r ip yet a month and a ha lf away. However, the absolute, fina l deadline for ticke t reservations is F eb rua ry 11.

Leaving the C irc le by bus on the afternoon of F rid a y , M arch 9, the sun-seekers w ill be w ing ing th e ir way from D e tro it to Nassau by 9:30 F r id a y night. Once in Nassau, the tra ve lle rs are independent.

F o r the adventurous, Kearse

suggests ren ting a m otor-b ike to exp lore Nassau, o r hopping a m a il boat to the o ther islands o f the Bahamas.

Nassau offers num erous en­te r ta in m e n t o p p o r tu n it ie s . In regards to a m in im u m d rin k in g age, as Kearse put it, “ I f you are ta ll enough to reach the bar, they w ill serve you .”

T ickets and fu rth e r in fo rm a tio n are ava ilab le a t the Student Union ticke t o ffice in LaFortune . Posters and flye rs pub lic iz ing the a c tiv ity w ill be d is tribu te d th is week.

Asked i f he could guarantee

beautifu l w eather fo r the island vacation. Kearse answered, “ The only th ing you can p re d ic t about the weather is its un p re d ic tab ility .

However, I w ill hazard a guess th a t there w ill be snow in South Bend and a t ro p ic a l p a ra d is e inNassau.

pickets for Neil Young trip on sale |

A lum ni co-ed(continued f ro m page 2)

a notion Hesburgh m ainta ined despite expe rim en ta l results to the con tra ry .

The proposal was considered by A lum n i H a ll again th is year w ith a s im ila r lack of a d m in is tra tive

response. Now the idea is being abandoned.

"T he w ay I look a t i t . ” Pogge said. “ There are enough things that can be accom plished around here w ith ou t w a lk in g in to cement w a lls ."

P rese n t A lu m n i P re s id e n t,

Butch W ard, fe lt th e ir e ffo rts had not been wasted.

“ We were asking fo r the ideal and I th ink we m ade a step fo r­w a rd .”

lie then added, “ I c a n 't see coed liv in g in the near fu tu re here at Notre Dam e, a t least not in the “ salt and pepper” a rrangem en t,”

Pogge. less o p tim is tic than W ard thought coed liv in g was a d istant thing a t N otre Dame.

“ The only w ay I could see coed liv in g here in the next few years would be if the re was a complete change in a d m in is tra tio n .”

Little Big ScreenNon-movies

highlight weekart ferranti

The m ovies th is week present an u n p ro m is in g t im e o f en ­te rta in m en t and w hat appears to be the h igh ligh ts of the week are not m ovies a t a ll. On A B C ’s Wide W o rld o f E n te r ta in m e n t” te levision is to get basted by

c r i t ic s in n in e ty m in u te s o f d iscussion and gossip. T itle d "T h e TV T im es” it a irs Thursday at 11:30 pm on 28 and is co-hosted by Don M eredith and R o ge r G rim sb y . w h ich is lik e pa iring Bozo the c lo w n w ith W a lte r C ronkite but i t should prove in ­teresting since D avid Susskind. produced it.

D ia ry o f a Mad Housewife is the f irs t of two R ichard B en jam in m ovies to be shown th is week and it a irs ton igh t a t nine on 16 and although it is sparked w ith a p re tty good p e r fo rm a n c e by ac tre ss C a rrie Snodgress, it is not w orth the m issing of pa rt two of Lawrence o f A rab ia (ABC a t nine ton igh t). B en jam in seems to tu rn in a below par perfo rm ance which is his fo rte from w hat I have seen o f his m ovie career. Th is f ilm concerns itse lf w ith the husbands (B en jam in ) a ttem pts a t socia l c lim b in g w h ile the w ife (Snodgress) is slow and re luc tan t to do so.

The second B en jam in f ilm a irs Sunday on the “ ABC Sunday N ight M ov ie " as he co-stars w ith A li M cG raw in Goodbye. Columbus. I

hope “ Colombo ’ is on NBC since th is f ilm also leaves a g reat deal to be desired. Ben jam in plays a Jew ish gigolo who makes a p lay for higher-class M cG raw and ends up sleeping w ith her next door to her parents ' room in her mansion. W hat is re a lly depressing from th is P h illip Rotli adap ta tion is tha t B en jam in deserts Me G raw in a seedy hotel when he learns tha t her parents have found out about the ir re la tionships. Both film s m ust be extensive ly edited since te levision is s t i l l not ready fo r (and perhaps r ig h tly so) B en jam in and M cG raw ta k in g a sh o w e r to g e th e r o r Snodgress and F rank Langella (who plays her lover) en joying the rud im e n ta ry actions of adu lte ry .

F o r the m ore in te llec tua l among you who also w ant some good solid en te rta inm en t on Thursday on 22 Peter Ustinov plays George I I I , m l “ Last K ing of A m erica ” in CBS’s new “ R evo lu tion” series E r ic

Severeid in te rv iew s George in an anachronistic m anner and some of U stinov ’s com m ents as George (as I have read them from the press releases) appear to be w o rth the w atch ing. The in te rv ie w com mences a t nine. On F r id a y a t e ight. CBS w ill present a special th re e h o u r p re s e n ta tio n o f Shakespeare’s “ Much Ado About N o th ing” set in a pre-W orld W ar O neeera. Th is comedy w ill u tilize s ig h t gags and s la p s t ic k -a s probably Shakespeare would have m eant it to -a n d w ill be a va lid version of Shakespeare’s w o rk ju s t as West Side Story is of “ Romeo and J u lie t” . The cu rta in rises at eight

Jean P a u l B e lm on do g e ts h im se lf m ixed up in a jew e l heist in That Man in Rio Saturday on 16 a t nine. A sleeper in the m ovie houses, th is f ilm w ill probably have the same e ffect on te levision v iewers. This week also has fou r m a d e -fo r-T V beau ts , th re e on Tuesd ty and one Wednesday. The f irs t is t it le d B af f led ! and features Leonard N im oy, Vera M iles, and Susan H am pshire ( “ The Forsyth S aga") in a ta le prom oted to be ab ou t the o c c u lt and ra c in g (som etim es w rite rs have to re a lly dig deep). I t a irs a t e igh t on 16 (a m ovie w ill not rep lace “ Bonanza” and "T h e Bold Ones” ). On 22 fo llow ing “ H aw a ii F ive-0” , as usual. D avid Hanssen plays an a ir- t ra ff ic rep o rte r who witnesses a b u rg la ry done by a he locopter and chases the baddies w ith his in Birds o f Prey. I t takes o ff a t 9;30. One hour e a rlie r on 28’s “ Tuesday Movie of the W eek” R obert Culp and E li W allach s ta r in the science fic tion f lic k A Cold N ight 's Death in w h ich the two actors p lay scientists harassed by an ev il force. Culp, a lthough he played tennis bum-spy K e lly Robinson fo r fou r years on “ I Spy” is no stranger to the ro le of scientist since I can rem em ber h im having s im ila r roles a t least fou r tim es in “ The O uter L im its ” . F in a lly , Snatched a irs on the 28 Wednesday m ovie at 8:30 w ith a la rge cast of stars involved w ith a three person k idnapping. “ M ad igan” a t the same tim e on 16 deals w ith the M afia in Naples and seems to prom ise more.

T r iv ia Notes: The nom inations fo r the Academ y Aw ards w ill be

released F ebrua ry 12 w ith the cerem ony on M arch 27. Now, i f I can only get Abowd to spring fo r a round t r ip ticke t to Hollywood (p rov id ing , of course, tha t the paper does not get bu rg la i ized again and John has a com plete change of pe rsona lity ). Oh w e ll...

A mess o f T V p ilo ts fo r the next season w ill be released on T V as m ade-for TV film s in the com ing m onths to test audience reaction and acceptance. The N ielson ra tings w ill be the p r im a ry guide but le tte rs to the ne tw orks and a phone survey w ill also be u tilized . Do not under estim a te the powers of le tte r w ritin g . Thousands of le tte rs kept “ S tar T re k ” on the a ir when the ra tings gave it the axe a fte r the second season. And, as fa r as students are concerned, le tte rs m ay be your on ly hope fo r le ttin g you r views be known since Neilson does not po ll college and u n ive rs ity campuses. I sha ll rep o rt when a p ilo t is to be offered when the tim e fo r the f i lm comes up.

In M em o r iam : A c to r J. C arro ll N a ish w ho p la y e d p ra c t ic a l ly eve ry ethn ic cha rac te r ro le except his na tive Ir ish passed aw ay a t the age o f 73, las t F r id a y . He had two TV series, " L ife W ith L u ig i” in the fiftie s and “ G uestward H o” in the e a rly s ix ties. He also had parts in over 250 p ictures.

T riv ia . Q uestion: In w hat c itydoes “ The M usic M an” take place?Was it

a.) G ary, Ind ianab.IS t. Louis, M issouric .)R ive rs ide , Iowad .)the Bronxc . ) f i l l in .......................?

•( D) :zmQ b i a u j , o ) jd M s u y

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DOWNTOWN TOWN and COUNTRY WLACKMONO'SM ICHIGAN at JEFFERSON SHOPPING C E N TE R Jot NILES

Also Concord M a ll in E lk h a rt Downtown open Mon. & Thurs. ' t i l 9. B lackm ond’s open F ri. ' t i l 9. O thers open every n ite ’ t i l 9.

CLASSIFIED ADSNOTICES

“ Wine Steward evenings, m ust have a general knowledge o f w ine.

Apply in person at The Down Under, Inc., 910 W. Ire land Road,

■t Bend, Ind.

A,,', /oung lady w ith nothing to do th is weed end, ca ll Hush, 1463

Interested in learn ing how to read and study faste r? Evelyn Wood R ead ing D y n a m ic s w i l l be s ta rting classes sho rtly . Sign up before m in i -lessons and save 30 per cent on the course. Call 3854

Sophomore or jun io r student from the A tlan ta , Georgia area to w o rk th is sum m er as m a nu fa c tu re rs ' representa tive . Call Greg at 1521

M ic h ia n a S ports C ar C lub M eeting 8 pm Feb. 1. F irs t Bank and Trust US 31 North and Cleveland Road. Phone 272-9914

Sun F reaks: Nassau is w a rm , Sunny, C lear and d ry . Deepen your F lo rida tan . M arch 916 $189

P a rt t im e jobs a v a ila b le fo r Hostesses, Cockta il W aitresses and Busboys. Please app ly in person Between 2 and 5 pm . Boar's Head Restaurant 52885 US 31 N orth. South Bend.

ON C A M P U S IN T E R V IE W S - THURS. BEB. 8 Camp W ayne:

■ chi.drens sum m er cam p N .E. Pennsylvania. 3 h rs NYC and P h ila . C ounse lo rs who l ik e children w ith specia lties in sports, w ate r, a rts , & science a c tiv itie s . Sign up room 207 A dm in is tra tion Bldg. W rite 633 Barnard Ave., Woodmere N Y. 11508

Before you buy a d iam ond learn a ll the facts. It m ay save you a grea t deal, c a l l : James 3118

Spend your S prijng Break by Doing som ething d iffe ren t th is

yearThe YOUNG place to be W here a ll the ACTION is

PARTIES, GIRLS, GOODTIMESReduced ra tes fo r ND St. M a ry 's

StudentsACAPULCO

257.50Price includes round tr ip a ir (are

(Chicago)A ll ocean fro n t hotel a c ­

com m odationsFor reservations ca ll Del Cooper

272 3004

P lay Soccre? Looking for men who have played soccer to jo in an established team w hich p lays out o f Berrien Springs M ich igan. P lay on Weekends du ring a fa ll and spring season.Call N iles 616- 684-0286 evenings.

Sister M a rita Needs volun teers for th is sem ester. If interested Call Bob or M a rk at 1321 or 1322

FOR IN FO R M A T IO N ABO UT T H E G A Y A W A R E N E S S C O M M U N IT Y , C A LL 7789, W Th- F. 8 10 P.M .

“ Students needed im m e d ia te ly to act as representatives for a C h icago re se a rch c o m p a n y . P lenty of money to be made in spare tim e . Call (312) 922-0300

W ANTED

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1 2 the observer Monday, January 29, 1973

ND sweeps league-leading MSUby Stan U ranka r

N o tre ! Dam e pulled out a ll the stops and skated r ig h t over W CHA le a d e r M ic h ig a n S ta te la s t weekend in one o f the m ost im ­pressive d isp lays o f hockey the ACC Arena has ever seen.

Coach L e fty S m ith ’s ice rs tan ­ta lized the Spartans fo r 24 m inutes F r id a y n igh t be fore b reaking loose fo r seven s tra ig h t goals and a m ora le-boosting 8—5 v ic to ry . S a tu rday 's c losing game was m ore of the same, w ith N.D. b las ting five goa ls p a s t c o n fe re n c e le a d in g goa ltender Ron C la rk in the f irs t nine m inutes and coasting to ano the r laugher, 13—5.

The tw in tr ium p hs were good fo r fou r points in the conference standing, but even m ore, they gave a much-need l i f t to the confidence of S m ith ’s skaters. “ We were a lo t s h a rp e r," said co-captain Pau l Regan, who picked up a goal and three assists fo r his weekend e f­forts. “ W e’re p lay ing together now. R vcryone ’s scoring, and w e ’re ge tting good ba lance.”

S m ith is pleased w ith his boys’ w c llrounded perform ance. “ The a ttitu d e is doing it now m ore than an y th in g else,” he noted. “ W e’re going out there and th in k in g defense now... the back checking h e lp fro m the fo rw a rd s is becom ing au tom atic , and w ith tha t, you can ’t help but look good.”

A fte r one period of F r id a y ’s opener, the two squads were deadlocked a t a goal apiece Both M a rk K ronho lm and M S U ’s C lark pu t on super shows in goal du ring tha t f irs t tw en ty m inu tes, w ith N D ’s ju n io r ne t-m inder k ick ing out 18 shots and C la rk knocking away hi Ir is h e ffo rts .

The S partans’ Steve Colp beat K ronho lm on a b reakaw ay w ith on ly two-and-a-half m inutes gone, but N otre Dam e got i t back w ith ju s t 42 seconds to p lay in the period. S tate fo rw a rd M ark C alder was s itt in g out a slashing ca ll when super score r Eddie Bum bacco popped in a loose puck, his 29th goal o f the season.

T ha t f ir s t session score wasn’t in d ica tive o f the game in the m inds of S m ith and the Ir is h squad.

“ We were ge tting good opportun ities th ro u g h o u rspeed, and from w hat w e ’d seen of C la rk in p ractice , we knew we could get to h im eve n tu a lly .” S m ith c o m m e n te d .

“ Get to h im ” is ju s t w ha t N otre Dam e d id , pum m eling C la rk fo r f ive second period goals to break th in g s open. T he S pa rtans brought about th e ir own undoing, as and MSU defender deflected Ray D eLorenz i’s cen tering pass in to the nets fo r the second Ir is h goal.B um bacco ’s second score came on a f lip shot from in close a t 8:36, then ju n io r L a r ry Israelson h it fo r concecutive ta llies on pe rfect feeds from Bum bacco and DeLorenzi, respective ly . Ian W illia m s capped the big period w ith the second Ir ish power-p lay goal of the n ight, ba tting hom e a Bum bacco rebound ju s t 18 seconds a fte r State captain B il l Sipola was caught hooking.

C la rk , who had stopped only fou r of nine shots sent a t h im in tha t w ild m idd le session, d id n ’ t last m uch longer. S till another m an-up ta lly - th is tim e by DeLorenzi on a 35-foot s lap shot—coupled w ith Bum bacco’s th ird goal of the game, sent the ju n io r ne tm inder

IR ISH UP, SPARTANS DOW N! Scenes like th is one, showing N otre D a m e ’s Ray DeLorenzi exu lting a fte r the second Ir is h goal Saturday night, were oft-repeated last weekend a t the ACC as N otre Dam e swept league-leading M ich igan State, 8-5 and 13-5. Jo in ing the celebration are Les Larson (6),Israelson (19) and P au l Regan (21) while the Spartan skaters tu rn away, dejected.

L a r ry

cry in g to Spartan coach Am o Bessone . L ittle -p layed ju n io r Tom Bowen cam e on to th w a rt any rem a in ing Ir is h e ffo rts , bu t the gam e had long been decided before the Spartans rebounded w ith four la te m arkers, two of them o ff the s t ic k o f fre s h m a n B ren do n Moreney.

A new ACC record hockey crowd of 4,722 saw another m a rk broken in the opening n igh t's battle. Bum bacco’s three goals set a new season to ta l fo r hat tr ic k s w ith fou r, b reaking a previous record jo in t ly held by John Noble and P h il W it t l i f f (the la tte r d id it tw ice)

Even m ore records tum bled Saturday as N otre Dam e broke

into double figures fo r the f irs t tim e th is season. W ith 4,787 in attendance (a new record) it took only 23 seconds fo r a p a ir of big records to be shattered. Bum ­bacco and John Noble snuck away to a 2-on-l break, and Bum bacco decked past defenseman Norm Barnes a t the State blue line to f lip a 15-footer past the s t ill shaky C lark.

T ha t score gave Bum bacco 32 goals th is season, eclipsing the old standard done in 24 games by W it t l if f du ring the 1968-69 season. The assist aw arded to Noble put h im a t 200 points fo r his career, m aking h im a m em ber of an ex­c lus ive co lleg ia te corps.

Bruins rompby J im Donaldson

Sports Ed ito r L ig h tn in g doesn’t s tr ik e tw ice in

the sam e place. A t least not w ith in two years.

U C L A ’s aw esom e B ru in s re tu rned to the s ite of th e ir last basketba ll -defeat, N otre D am e’s A th le tic ancDConvocation Center, Satu rday afternpon w ith a s tr in g of 60 v ic to ries in tow and a shot a t se tting the a ll- t im e NCAA record fo r consecutive w ihs, previously held by San F rancisco.

And w ith 6-11, A ll-A m erica n cen ter B il l W alton showing the w a y , U C L A added c o lle g ia te b a s k e tb a ll ’ s lo n g e s t w in n in g streak to its unprecendente'd lis t of cage laure ls . W alton scored 16 points, pu lled down a gam e-high 15 rebounds and in tim ida ted Notre D a m e on de fense as U C L A m uscled its w ay to an 82-63 trium p h .

“ I ’m ve ry happy about setting the record . ” a s m ilin g but p lac id coach John Wooden said. “ T h is doesn’t com pare w ith w inn ing tha t f i r s t n a t io n a l c h a m p io n s h ip , though. I don’ t mean to downgrade the streak, but it wasn’t ou r goal. Each yea r, we gear tow ard w in ­ning the tou rnam ent and th is yea r was no exception, a lthough we were ve ry conscious o f the record once we approached i t . ”

The B ru ins set the record in convinc ing s ty le and ^o o d e n was qu ick to pra ise his etubTsifym g, “ I thought we played ve ry w e ll. O ur defense was ve ry so lid and I thought th|at we d id p re tty w e ll w hat we wanted to do.”

I t had been ju s t over two years since N o tre Dam e, led by an outstanding, 46-point perfo rm ance by A u s t in C a r r , s tu n n e d the B ru ins, 89-82, before a scream ing , capac ity crow d in the ACC. Since then, UC LA had ro lled to 60 con­secutive w ins and its s ix th and seventh s tra ig h t na tiona l cham ­p io n s h ip s . S a tu rd a y , “ D ig g e r ” Phelps and his you th fu l Ir is h squad had hopes of stopping the B ru in s ’ w in skein before it reached record num bers in fro n t of a h igh ly vocal fu ll house and a na tiona l te levis ion audience.

“ We had five ob jectives we fe lt

U C LA ’s B il l Walton, shown here bothering N o tre D am e’s John Shumate, proved too much fo r the Ir is h to handle S atu rday as the B ru ins romped past N. D. to th e ir NC AA-record, 61 st s tra ig h t v ic to ry , 82-63. we had to accom plish in o rder to shots and h it them , but beat U C LA ,” Phelps said. “ F irs t, we fe lt tha t we had to score against th e ir press, and we m anaged to do that e a rly in the gam e, fo rc ing them out o f it. We d id n ’ t do so w e ll in the o ther areas, though.”

“ We w anted to stop th e ir running gam e and we d idn ’ t do a good job at th a t,” Phelps continued. “ We had hoped to conta in W alton but he h u rt us. F ourth , we knew tha t our o ffensive execution would have to be good so tha t we could get good

ourshooting (37 percent) wasn’t good. We also wanted to press m ore, but we don’t have a lo t of depth and I was a fra id w e’d get too t ire d .”

UC LA was ju s t too good,” Phelps re m a rk e d . “ T h e y ’ re a g re a t tea m .”

W alton was the key m an fo r the B ru ins, scoring w ith ease inside, especia lly on a pe rfe c tly tim ed lob p la y th a t w as v i r t u a l ly u n ­s to p p a b le , and c o n tro l l in g the backboards, but he was ha rd ly

UC LA 's on ly weapon. K e ith W ilkes led the B ru ins in scoring, dropping in 20 points, and L a rry F a rm e r con tribu ted 16 points. The Walton- W ilkes-F a rm er tr io also whipped the I r is h in the re b o u n d in g departm ent, com bin ing fo r 31, as UCLA outrebounded N otre Dame, 51-39.

UCLA was never in danger S aturday. They never tra ile d and led by s ix o r m ore points fo r a ll but the f irs t five m inutes.

W alton ’s tip -in of a F a rm e r shot accounted fo r the f irs t basket of the gam e but D w igh t C lay coun­tered tha t hoop w ith a 20-foot ju m pe r. F a rm e r connected from 15 feet when the B ru ins came downcourt but John Shumate tied the score again w ith a p a ir of free throws.

A short ju m p e r by W alton and a d r iv in g layup by L a rry H o lly fie ld put U C LA on top, 8-4, but scores by Shumate and Pete C ro tty tied th ings up again. B ut tha t was the on ly tim e in the f ir s t ha lf tha t the Ir ish could get two baskets in a row and, a fte r W ilkes sank two 15-foot jum pe rs and F a rm e r m ade a layup w ith 5:15 gone, UCLA led, 14-8.

The teams traded baskets fo r a lm ost fou r m inutes a fte r tha t s ix- po in t B ru in spu rt but a F a rm e r layup and W alton ’s bucket on a lob play put UC LA ahead by e igh t, 26- 18, w ith 9:29 to go in the h a lf and N otre Dam e was only able to cut the m arg in to s ix points once the rest of the way.

Two hoops by F a rm e r opened up a 34-23 lead fo r UC LA w ith about five m inutes le ft in the h a lf and baskets by Pete T rgov ich and W alton, a fte r a B rokaw two- po in te r, enabled U CLA to leave the cou rt w ith a 38-25 advantage.

Leading, 42-31, e a rly in the second ha lf, the B ru ins ran o ff seven s tra ig h t points on baskets by W ilkes, H o lly fie ld , and F a rm e r and a free throw by Lee to m ove in fron t, 49-31, and ensure th e ir place in the record book. The U C LAns’ lead even tua lly reached 25 points, 75-50, w ith 3:39 rem a in ing in the game as the B ru ins breezed to the ir 61st consecutive v ic to ry and upped th e ir record to 16-0. Notre Dam e suffered its th ird s tra ig h t loss and fe ll to 6-9.

Less th a t a m inute la te r , DeLorenzi took Regan’s pass from a laceo ff and fire d a low w ris t shot past the surprised C lark. Only 31 seconds a fte r that, Israelsonpicked up a loose puck behind the State goal and skated in to the s lo t to fry a backhander from 15 feet. C lark kicked tha t one out w ith his r ig h t pad. but the rebound bounced s tra ig h t to the unguarded Regan who never hesitated as he popped it in the r ig h t side.S partan badboy Bob Boyd threw a solid elbow a t P a t Conroy to d raw a tw o -m in u te p e n a lty a t 5:41. Shortly the rea fte r, W illiam s sent a cross ice corner pass to Noble. The senior center set things up from the le ft side, and placed a perfect feed onto Bum bacco’s s tick in the slot. Edd ie then fire d a ha rd ten- loot w r is t shot past C lark.

Barnes tr ied to get Bum bacco out o f his c lu b ’s h a ir a t 9:05. W hile it gave N .D .’s top scorer a two- m inute m in o r fp r roughing, i t d idn ’ t do the State defenseman any good, fo rc ing him to the locker room w ith a game m isconduct pena lty. W illiam s made good on the 4-on-4 opportun ity , de flecting home Steve C u rry ’s b last fro m the r ig h t po in t. That gave the ro a rin g fans a 5—0 Ir is h lead to cheer fo r, and once again C lark decided he’d had enough.

Boyd deflected a Chris M urfey bomb between K ron ho lm ’s legs w ith the Ir is h a m an short a t 11:15, but the Ir is h got tha t m a rk e r r ig h t hack as Noble delected B um ­bacco’s p in-po in t cen tering pass in to the net.

M ich igan State got a qu ick ad­vantage in the second period when Regan was nailed fo r in te rfe r in g w ith goaltender Bowen. Once more, though, the Spartans badly

.blew it as Boyd earned a ten- m inu te m isconduct and M oreney was w h is tled fo r tr ipp in g . I t was I r is h s c o r in g t im e a g a in as defenseman M ark Steinborn and Noble fed Bum bacco fo r a low w ris t shot tha t beat Bowen in the r ig h t corner.

W illiam s set up Conroy fo r a close shot tha t snuck between Bowen and the post a t 7:09, and C u rry connected on a 30-foot po in t d rive e igh t m inutes la te r tha t negated State goals by Colp and M urfey.

The th ird session then began w ith pena lty k ille rs ex trod ina ire P at N o v itzk i and M ike T a rdan i doing th e ir th ing. T a rda n i picked up a loose puck a t center and fed the freshm an defenseman who whipped in a low w r is t shot fo r a 10—3 Ir is h lead.

K ronho lm was trapped behind his own net a t 2:07 and Dennis O lm stead fire d in to the open Ir is h goal. R ick Schafer then got a couple o f Ir is h scores .

S c h a fe r b ro k e a w a y w ith B um bacco fo r a 2-on-l break and pumped home a low slap shot. A fte r S tate's M ichel Chaurest ta llied a t 14:56, N yrop h it Schafer c u t t in g th ro u g h the m id d le a m inu te la te r and R ic deflected the pass over Bowens’ r ig h t shoulder. DeLorenzi d id the same a t 16:34 fo r his fou rth goal o f the weekend, w ith Regan doing the honors.

Monday, January 29, 1973 the observer 5

Collective Bargaining:Lure of EgyptE. A. Goerner

Professor, Government

The labor union is a typ ica l fo rm of social organ ization in the con­text of a bourgeois cap ita lis t society in w h ich the dom inat eth ic is th a t o f la issez fa ir e in ­d iv id u a l is m . A m e r ic a n la b o r unions were organized to defend the in terests of workm en against the in terests of the m asters of cap ita l goods w ithou t wh ich the w orkm an cannot work.

A m erican labo r unions have alm ost un ive rsa lly regarded the in terests of the w orkers in this context as being com prised of two elem ents: wages and w ork ingc o n d itio n s . T hey havesys tem atica lly worked to ease w o rk ing conditions. They have sys tem atica lly sought to increase the wages of the w orkers w hether that m eant a b igger cut of the proceeds of the f irm 's sale of the goods produced through the use of cap ita l goods by labo r orw hether tha t m eant h igher prices to the consum er o r both. Those have also been the p rin c ip a l concerns of labor unions as they have rece tly m ade th e m se lve s p re se n t in education.

Teachers who are wondering w hether a labor union is an ap­p rop ria te mode of organization lo r themselves need to ask a num ber of questions. The f irs t is a general one about the m erits and defects of labo r unions. Secondly, they need to ask w hether the ir a c tiv ity is such as to be helped or hindered by such a mode of organ ization. And. f in a lly , they need to ask w hether there is any a lte rn a tive course open to them that be tte r deals w ith the problem s th a t m ade the m th in k of organ iz ing o r jo in in g a labor union in the f irs t place.

As to the m erits of labor unions, no one can deny them the g lo ry of having rescued hordes of men, w o m en , and c h ild re n fro m de b ilita tin g , d e s tru c t iv e and dem ora liz ing conditions of w ork. Nor can anyone deny then the enormous c red it tha t is the irs by v ir tu e of having secured decent wage levels fo r w orkers against the o u tra g e o u s ly e x p lo ita t iv e ava rice o f cap ita lis ts and the ignorance or unconcern of the purchasers of the w o rkm an ’s w ork who paid r id icu lous ly low prices.

On the other hand, where labor unions have found themselves in positions of power they have seldom shown themselves seriou ly responsive to the c r it ic is m tha t the ir successful demands fo r high wages and people on fixed incomes, fo r exam ple) tha t are as m o ra lly o u tra g e o u s as the w age e x ­p lo ita tion the w orkers m ay once have been subjected to. And it is not unknown fo r labo r unions to have pressed ru in o u s w age demands in f irm s and industries tha t were too weak to stand a s tr ike and too weak to compete if they granted the wages demanded and tha t, consequently, collapsed. Of equal, i f not g rea te r, im ­portance, labo r unions have found themselves qu ite uncrea tive in the fie ld of w o rk ing conditions. They have been good at easing them when they were hard and ha rm fu l But they have scarce ly been good at devis ing modes of w ork tha t would be sa tis fy in g fo r the w orker. They have in fac t la rge ly been accom plices of the m anagers in crea ting conditions of w o rk in A m erican in dus try tha t so often tend to m ake of the w o rke r a m indless slob producing tasteless slop.

Reflection W ill show, I th ink , tha t those defects of labo r unions are not p r in c ip a lly a consequence of the s ingu la r m ora l tu rp itude of the ir m em berships o r leaders but are m ore a product of the fac t tha t the labor union is a pa rt of a m ora l and in s titu tion a l fa b ric in which there is no place or a com m on good, som etim es no even a place fo r a common in terest. The labo r union is pro found ly m arked by the m o ra l and s p ir i tu a l is o la t io n , a lienation tha t characterizes the bourgeois e th ic w ith in wh ich there can o n ly be p la ce fo r the

aggressive pu rsu it of p riva te in terests as fa r and as hard as one’s guts, ca lcu la tions, and com petitors allow .

A teacher w ondering w hether to organize o r jo in a labor union ev iden tly need to wonder whether his vocation or life -a c tiv ity is lik e ly to be advanced by such an organ ization. I t is conceivable tha t someone be teaching under c ir ­cumstances s im ila r to the most exp lo itedo f m ig ra n t w orkers. I t is not on ly conceivable, some people are. They are not the m a jo rity . Most of them have sk ills tha t would a llow and resu lt in a lte rna te em ploym ent. B ut unless there be some change in th e ir term s of appo intm ent they w ill inev itab ly th ink of labor unions as a rem edy.

Secondly, there is a curious a m b ig u ity in the in s titu tion a l and m o ra l h is to ry o f A m e r ic a n un ive rs ities . A m erican un ive r­s ities are genera lly organized in a way not ve ry d iffe re n t from the business corpora tion. A lthough there are no stockholders, the corpora tion is in the hands of a h o a rd o f tru s te e s ro u g h ly equiva lent to the board of d irec ­tors of the business corpora tion. L ike the d irec to rs of the la tte r, who are not w orkers producing the products of the f irm , the trustees a rc not scholars engaged in the a c tiv ity of the un ive rs ity . The cap ita l of the un ive rs ity , nam ely the bu ild ings, books, laboratories, w ithou t w h ich the scholars cannot teach and study, is con tro lled by the trustees, ( th a t was of lesser im portance in o ther tim es when a fa r sm a lle r p lan t was needed to found and run a college or

un ive rs ity and when g rea t p riva te fortunes were s t il l numerous. In those days, d isg run tled scholars could th ink seriously about s ta r­t in g th e ir own u n iv e rs ity o r college. Nowadays, big cap ita l is necessa ry even to w in a c ­c red ita tion and g ra n t degrees. And. since we live in a society of job holders few indeed a re the students who can a ffo rd to forego a degree by spending th e ir college years studying w ith a com pany of independen t b u t c a p ita l-s h y s c h o la rs w ho c a n n o t g ra n t degrees.) The trustees, in tu rn , give over the actua l exercise of th e ir power to a ch ie f m anager o r p re s id e n t, much l ik e the president of business corporations.

The a c a d e m ic m a n a g e r is , ty p ic a lly , an ex-scholar, someone who found the life of action m ore in te resting than the life of in q u iry and re flection . Inev itab ly , he tends to acquire the standards of judgem ent appropria te to such a ro le: w hat is desirab le is w hat is big. vis ib le , pow erfu l, reputable, com m ent-provoking. In short the ir standards tend to be exte rnal, conventional,fashionable whereas the un ive rs ity , inso far as it is not corrupted, has on ly one standard, the tru th .

Scholars who are “ con tracted” to pe rfo rm “ facu lty services” by corpora tions conducted under such auspices in ev ita b ly come to regard the u n ive rs ity in m uch the same w a y as w o rk e rs re g a rd an autom obile com pany fo r w h ich they w o rk : the u ltim a te purposes of employees and the m asters of ca p tia l are qu ite d iffe re n t, even opposed in m any cases. However,

"...the labor unof a m oral andfabric in which there is no place for the common good..."

Professor Goerner

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they need one another and so a rr iv e at tem po ra ry and grudg ing agreem ents on the te rm s of th e ir cooperation. The s p ir it is essen­t ia lly an adversa ry s p ir it and the employees band together in unions in order to counterbalance the w eight and power of trustees or d irec to rs and th e ir m anagers who contro l the cap ita l.

But there is another tra d itio n in A m e r ic a n u n iv e rs it ie s and colleges. I t is m uch m ore ancient, Greek, m edieval, and E uropean In this trad ition , the un ive rs ity is a s e l f -g o v e rn in g com p a n y of scholars. The cap ita l is not con­tro lled by a fore ign body. The scholars are not employees of such a body of non-scholars nor of th e ir e x -s c h o la r “ captains of education ,’

N a tu ra lly , such a u n ive rs ity can be ill-run . Scholars a re as

capable of v ice and fo lly as anyone. B ut w hat is in te res ting in such m atte rs is w hat one m ay reasonably expect the long run

tendency of in s titu tion a l s tructure to be in the w ay of encouraging some general hum an fa ilings and encouraging some general hum an virtues.

In the case of the u n ive rs ity as a s e lf-g o v e rn in g c o m p a n y of scholars there m ay indeed be a tendency to take too li t t le account o f the exte rna l, the conventional, even the fashionable, the very th ing our “ captains of education” are expert at. And there m ay be a tendency to take too li t t le in terest in the sound developm ent of the whole un ive rs ity , inc lud ing its

(continued on pg. 10)

NOTICE-

KNIGHTS OF COLUMBUS IMPORTANT MEETING

January 29 - Monday 7:00 p.m. - Council Chambers

Watch Everyday for

MONEY SAVING SPECIALS

from both

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TONIGHT AT Frankies:

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NOTRE DAME STUDENTS We Desperately need

your help today!Please try to sell one M ardi Gras

Raffle Elook this week.The Notre D am e charities need

funds more than ever... w e've never

let them down before.

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M artfTG ras Com m ittee

6 the observer Monday, January 29, 1973

ND Faculty Opinions

Paul F. Conway. (B A ) : The AAU P is com ing to the conclusion tha t (the union) is the th ing of the fu tu re because i t ’s happening in so m any other schools. I don 't know if tha t's the answer here.

John W. Houck (B A ) : I th ink we no rm a lly th ink in te rm s, a t least in a be tte r u n ive rs ity and a un ive rs ity w ith a long tra d itio n of not so m uch union, w h ich sm acks of the labo ring person and sm acks of possible grubbiness about money. These a re inapprop ria te , so we instead look to an association like the A A U P w h ich is 55 o r 60 years old, has been the pioneer in the concept of academ ic freedom and fa c u lty g o v e rn a n c e o f the u n ive rs ity , and up u n til now we would have thought tha t the AAU P would have been sa tis fa c to ry . I th ink w ha t has been happening in the u n ive rs ity , as w e ll as w hat happens \ in any la rge w h ite -co lla r bureaucracy, is a sense of the po w e rlessn ess o f the fa c u lty m em ber o r of the professional te c h n ic ia n in these la rg e organ izations, so tha t as he kind of lurches about fo r some way to get

Freder ick W. Dow. (B A ) : I would m a ke the d is t in c t io n in a professional organ ization as the A AU P tha t has num erous other ob jectives besides econom ic ob­jec tives, and the union which would be p r im a r ily econom ica lly oriented. I fra n k ly don’t see • the ro le tha t a union would p lay among a group of u n ive rs ity professors w ho a re , as in d iv id u a ls , p ro fessiona lly dedicated to the education of the student and the conduct of th e ir research, and I would be concerned tha t the effect tha t it would have upon the professional respons ib ility in the in d iv idu a l facu lty m em ber, and th is is not to say th a t i t isn ’ t useful fo r the facu lty to act in concert to pro tect th e ir econom ic in terests

Finerson G. Funk. ( S ) : 1 do have a li t t le b it of contact w ith somebody at Wayne State, where they have unionized, and it has led to con­s id e ra b le f r ic t io n am o ng the facu lty . I don’ t know how i t ’s going to w ork out there. I don’ t th ink i t ’s needed here, a lthough I ’m not absolute ly sure. One has to look in to a l i t t le b it more. I ’m against, fo r instance, ju s t g iv ing blanket sa la ry to a person i f he’s been there fo r x years irregard less of how he pe rfo rm s. I th ink we sho u ld ta ke in to a c c o u n t the perfo rm ance and there should be m e rit increases. I th ink there

Stuart T. McComas, ( E ) : I th ink the SONY system has it, and I be lieve the U n ive rs ity of D e tro it and W ayne State, I th ink . I ’ve ta lked to people there and m ost of the reactions ind ica te they don’t seem to th in k its helped them m uch. I t throw s up a lo t o f road­blocks in the w ay of ge tting things done. I guess from m y standpo in t I ju s t can ’ t see it. I feel as i f i t ju s t doesn’t have a place in the U n ive rs ity . Now m aybe I ’m being tw o a l t r u is t ic because w e r e hum an beings and we re w ork ing and eve ry th in g else, but i t ju s t seems too m uch against the basic tenets of a un ive rs ity . Th is is not speaking as an a d m in is tra tive m an, th is is speaking as a facu lty .I don’ t th ink I could w o rk under the system . I ’ve seen too m any things a c tu a lly end up being taken away from the facu lty . I don’ t th ink they ga in tha t m uch. They m ig h t ga in a few do lla rs . New Y o rk has gone that w ay and w hat they ’re g iv ing up I don’t th ink is w o rth it.

power, he’s going to see som ething th a t m a y be te m p o ra r i ly a t ­tra c tive , w h ich is the labo r union. He has visions of sit-ins and p icke t lines and te llin g the a d m in is tra tion to go to he ll. Why th is sense of powerlessness? I th ink because un ive rs ities and organizations are p ilin g la ye r upon la ye r of persons and offices and un its and d ivisions, so tha t the person in the un ive rs ity , whereas he fo rm e rly thought he had con tro l of What he knew and how he was supposed to re la te to his colleagues suddenly finds out tha t there is th is in s titu te and the re ’s tha t d iv is ion and the re ’s this la ye r of a d m in is tra to r. He no longer has tha t sense of contro l, tha t w ha t I 'm doing is im p o rtan t and tha t other people recognize tha t i t ’s im p ortan t. F ra n k ly , I th ink w hat we have to do in the u n ive rs ity is d ism an tle a p a rt of the bureaucracy around here and around m ost un ive rs ities . I th ink we have to get back to the concept of the u n ive rs ity of scholars, which would im p ly people supporting them in various a d m in is tra tive un its, bu t w ou ldn ’ t im p ly being over them and take on a life of th e ir own, separate from th a t of lea rn ing and teaching. F ra n k ly , the record of labo r unions te lls the sto ry tha t the y ’ve become as h ie ra rch ica l and bureaucratized as m ost organ izations, so I don’ t see them as any re lie f o r con­solation.

w ith the A dm in is tra tion . There is another point. I am concerned w ith the economic problem s of the un ive rs ity in general, economic prob lem s of th is U n ive rs ity . I th in k the a d m in is t ra t io n has functioned, w ith the help of the facu lty , be au tifu lly in te rm s of ta k in g c o n s tru c tu v e a c tio n to m ake sure the U n ive rs ity rem ains econom ica lly strong, and I would be c o n ce rn e d , sp e a k in g abou t un ive rs ities in general, i f there were a strong m ovem ent toward un io ns th a t w e re p r im a r i ly econom ica lly orien ted, tha t the intense s trugg le could re a lly be destructive to the whole learn ing c lim a te of the un ive rs ity . I t would re a lly bo ther me. I t could get to be a re a lly severe problem .

Norl in G. Russchoff, (B A ) : Theuse of the word “ un ion” has its connotation of a group fo r a sk illed or sem i-sk illed labo re r. The facu lty of a un ive rs ity are con­sidered to be of a professional nature, and in tha t respect I could say tha t professional men should not re a lly consider jo in ing the Union. B ut I would not see anyth ing wrong w ith professional peop le g a th e r in g to g e th e r in associations fo r a com m on good.

Kenneth R. Lauer, (E ) : I wouldnot be fo r a union a t th is tim e at N o tre Dame.

John W. Lucey, ( E ) : I don’ t th ink they need it here. I th ink we can get along w e ll enough and i t ’s sm all enough, we re a lly don’ t need it I 'd ra th e r not do it. I could see people like the state u n ive rs ity at New Y ork doing it. but not us. There are problem s, like how do you de te rm ine a ba rga in ing unit? You get moved in to an o u tfit that secre ta ries a re a pa rt of? I t ’s re a lly touchy. In specia l cases I can see where i t ’s necessary, but I don’ t th ink it 's necessary here.

On...should be a general cost of liv in g th ing each year, but as fa r as the rest goes it should be based on m e rit. T ha t has in general, I th ink, been done here in the past. I cou ldn 't m ake a de fin ite answer yes or no.

Robert . Anthony, (S): TheAAUP, re a lly , would take the place of and do m any m ore things than a union. That is also a m ore professional-type organization. I can see no useful purpose in establishing a union.

D arw in J. Mead. Asst. Dean. (S):1 don't th ink we should get involved in th a ts o rt of th ing,and the whole idea is d is tas te fu l to me.

Bernard Norling. Acting Chairman H is to r y : The a c a d e m icprofession’s favo rite pub lic pose is tha t of d isinterested idea lism . So now th is am ounts to another

proposal to fo rm a labo r union, like the pa in te rs ’ union, the Team sters union, the ra ilroadw orke rs union, and a ll these parties care nothing fo r the pub lic in terest. A ll they w ant to do is g rind out m ore money fo r themselves, less w ork, m ore priveleges, m ore tim e off. I don’ t see how th is could con tribu te a t a ll a ll to the public in te rest in the academ ic w orld . They say, of course, tha t they are banded together in o rder to m a in ta in the standards of th e ir profession, but everybody else in the country regards the m ain purpose as to ja c k up prices so tha t they (the union m em bers) can get rich . I t seems to me the m o tiva tion is the same here. I th ink it would be a ve ry bad thing.

Robert J. Waddick, Asst. Dean Arts and Letters: You know, m y opinion of co llective ba rga in ing w ith facu lty m em bers is not ve ry good, because I th ink the facu lty m em bers are professional people, and I don’ t th in k tha t unions, per se, a re fo r professional people. T ha t re a lly sums it up in a nutshell.I would not jo in a union because I

don’ t th ink i t ’s fo r professional people. I th ink they serve a p u r­pose and I was indeed and am s till, as fa r as I know, a m em ber of C I O . , local union 5 of the United Auto W orkers, fo r when I worked at S tudebaker. B ut tha t was when I was in a d iffe re n t position. I was in the labor forces and I th ink tha t there was a place fo r the union; it was a voice. I th ink the facu lty , in th e ir s itua tions, have the facu lty bodies as th e ir voices, and I th ink we would have to g ive up too much in o rder to get union represen­tation W e’d have to g ive up our voice and somebody else would have to speak fo r us. and I don’ t see tha t as professional.

Donald P. Kommers, (A L ) : I am against co llec tive ba rga in ing in the un ive rs ity . I am against it fo r the s im p le reason tha t a un ive rs ity is a specia l k ind of re la tionsh ip , between students and teachers and between fa cu lty m em bers and ad m in is tra tion . We are ta lk ing a b ou t a h ig h ly p e rs o n a liz e d com m un ity tha t is based on tru s t and confidence, the tw in p illa rs on w hich the U n ive rs ity in the fina l analysis is based. Destroy these p illa rs -a n d you w ill do so w ith a un ion-and you w il l destroy the U n ive rs ity . I fo r one w il l not to le ra te any agency o r union, especia lly if its ba rga in ing agents are not u n ive rs ity men, com ing between these re la tionships. I w ill defy anybody who te lls me to go out on s trike , fo r th is would be tan tam ount to an in te rfe rence w ith the student teacher re la tionsh ip . I am also opposed to any un ifo rm a c r o s s - t h e - b o a r d b a r g a i n i n g where facu lty salaries a re con-

George A. Br ink ley , Chairman G o v e rn m e n t & In te r n a t io n a l Studies: W ell, in the f irs t placeI ’m to ta lly opposed to it. I th ink w hat they AA U P stands fo r is w hat m ost facu lty want. In fact, this union approach has been accepted by facu lties on ly in extrem e cases. Now, when the s itua tion is so bad tha t no progress seems possible a t a ll, I can see some ju s tific a tio n fo r it, a t least on a tem po ra ry basis. But I would put i t s tr ic t ly in tha t fram ew ork and, in tha t respect, I ’m sta ting w hat I believe to be the A A U P position on it. I agree w ith that.