October 8, 2013

• Culture PPT/Notes• Culture Project

What is Culture?• Knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors

shared and passed on by a group

Are you born with culture, or is it taught to you?

• Culture is learned

Who teaches you culture?• family, school, peersWhat things do we share as

– Humans? – Americans? – Texans?

Where do cultures start?• Cultural Hearth – where innovations, ideas,

materials and technology begin

How do cultures change and spread?• Innovation

– creating something new to meet a need.

• Diffusion – spread of ideas, inventions, or patterns of behavior

• Assimilation – smaller society adopts the culture of a majority group

• Acculturation – society accepts or adopts an innovation

• Transculturation (a term coined by Cuban anthropologist Fernando Ortiz in 1947)

-- : a process of cultural transformation marked by the influx of new culture elements and the loss or alteration of existing ones

Why do they call it……………..?• Toponymy is the scientific study of place names (toponyms), their origins, meanings, use

and typology.– Examples:

Bolivia (South America): "Land of Bolivar" in New Latin, in honor of Simón Bolívar, one of the leading generals in the Spanish

American wars of independence.

Burkina Faso (Africa): "Land of Honest Men", More burkina ("honest", "upright", or "incorruptible men") and Dioula faso ("father's house")

Côte d'Ivoire (Africa): "Ivory Coast" in French, from its previous involvement in the ivory trade.

For more go to: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_country-name_etymologies

• • Toponymy is distinct from, though often confused with etymology,

which is the study of the origins of words.

• Columbian Exchange– widespread exchange of the animals, plants, culture and

human populations including slaves, communicable diseases, and ideas between the Eastern and Western hemispheres

What culture did America adopt these things from?

• Hot Dogs + Hamburgers– German

• Chocolate– Aztec

• Democratic Government– Greek

• Halloween– Celtic

• Number system– Hindu-Arab

• Hockey– Canadian

• Paper Money– Chinese

Examples - How do cultures change and spread?

Cultural Diffusion – Real Life Example

• The blues originated in the “field hollars” of southern slaves.

• The ancient African call-and-response pattern is the core of the blues.

• Recordings of early artists from the 1920’s and 30’s reached Europe before World War II.

• Cultural Diffusion!

Blues Diffusion

Robert Johnson• Traveling Riverside Blues

– Recorded in 1937

Led Zeppelin• Traveling Riverside Blues

– Recorded in 1969

Blues Diffusion

Howlin’ Wolf• Back Door Man

– 1961

The Doors• Back Door Man

– 1967

What are the 9 Traits of Culture?1. Language 2. History3. Religion (beliefs / morals / mores)4. Food and Shelter (Types / Styles)5. Education Systems6. Security/Protection7. Relationships – Family and Others8. Political and Social Organizations9. Creative Expression - Recreation

1. Language• Allows for communication to exist• There are between 3,000 and 6,500 different languages spoken in the

world today!• Helps establish cultural identities• Can divide people

– Canada - French/English• Oral tradition - Helps pass cultural traits along through generations• Dialect

– different versions of the same basic language– “You all” vs. “ya’ll” vs. “you guys”

• Language Diffusion– Follow trade routes– Blend from other languages– Migration

2. History• What do you know or want to know about your ancestors? - What part(s) of the world are they from?

- What were they like?- What obstacles did they have to overcome?

- What effect does your family history have on your current life?

• Ancestry is the descendancy of a person’s bloodlines.• Genealogy is the research and analysis of ancestry.

• People worldwide engage in genealogy as hobbyists or professionals, often with the goal of determining their ethnic origin, discovering the truth about a family legend, indulging a passion for history or for the purpose of learning more about a family’s health history.

• Read more: http://www.ehow.com/about_6696282_genealogy-vs_-ancestry.html#ixzz2h8w7GBk1

3. Religion Major world

religions• Christianity - 33%• Islam - 21%• Hinduism - 14%• Buddhism - 6%• Judaism - .2%• Others -25%Morals - How we should act

(eg. Your conscience)

Mores - Customs and rules of conduct; (eg. rules of the road)

What is religion?• The belief in a supernatural power or powers,

responsible for the creation and maintenance of the universe

Types of Religions?1. Monotheistic – belief in one god2. Polytheistic – belief in many gods3. Animistic or Traditional – belief in the forces of nature

4. Food and Shelter –

The places we live and the things we eat

5. Education

- How culture is taught or learned

Formal – Schools, Universities, Religion (church)

In-Formal – Family, Friends, Social Clubs / Groups

6. Security/Protection• Military – National Govt.• Police – Local Govt.• Family - Tribe

7. Relationships – Family and Others

• Family• Friends• Classmates / Co-Workers

8. Political and social organization• Government System

– Make rules and laws to keep society in order

• Clubs– Examples? Boys and

Girls, Boy Scouts, FFA, Optimists,

• Fraternal organizations– Kiwanis, University,

Veterans, Masonic etc.

9. Creative Expression - Recreation

• Music – instruments, singing

• Art– Paintings, sculpture,

photography• Dance• Theater• Literature

– Novels, Poems• Architecture• Sports• Outdoor activities• Hobbies

How are cultural regions organized?• Society

• a group that shares a geographic region, a sense of identity and a culture

• Ethnic groups - a specific group within a society that

shares a common language, customs, and heritage

• Race (biological) refers to a person's physical appearance, such as skin color, eye color, hair color, bone/jaw structure etc.

• Ethnicity (sociological) relates to cultural factors such as nationality, culture, ancestry, language and beliefs.

Your Family CultureCreate a graphic organizer (similar to the one below) using the 9 Traits of Culture and list at least 2 examples from the 9 Traits of Culture using your family.

Creative Expression – Recreation

Political and Social Organizations

Relationships – Family Structure - Others

Security and ProtectionEducation –

Formal and Informal

Food and Shelter

Religion – Beliefs Morals and Mores

History

Language

9 Traits of Culture