OOn Becoming a Man-n Becoming a Man-Drama Education in TaiwanDrama Education in Taiwan

成為一個人的教育成為一個人的教育 --戲劇教育在台灣的發展與前瞻戲劇教育在台灣的發展與前瞻

Professor Mei-Chun LinProfessor Mei-Chun Lin

Department of Drama Creation & Department of Drama Creation & Application, National University of TainanApplication, National University of Tainan

YouthYouth GiantGiant AwakeningAwakening

YouthYouth 1990-2000 1990-2000 IntroducingIntroducing

Drama Drama Education Education

from the West from the West

to Taiwanto Taiwan

Emerging–Late 80s Emerging–Late 80s First Drama Text First Drama Text 1987 1987

Hu,Paolin Hu,Paolin

Drama and Behavioral Drama and Behavioral ExpressionExpression

Child Welfare Center Child Welfare Center Dun,PaiYuDun,PaiYu

【【 Happy Children CenterHappy Children Center 】】 Preschool: Ming-Shan NeePreschool: Ming-Shan Nee

【【 Growing Child Childcare Growing Child Childcare 】】 Children Theatre companyChildren Theatre company

【【 MOKIMOKI 】】【【 Song Song SongSong Song Song 】】 【【 Shiny Shoes Shiny Shoes 】】

90s90s –Introducing Creative Drama–Introducing Creative Dramafor teachers in Early Childhood for teachers in Early Childhood

ProgramProgram Pre-service course Pre-service course

SharedShared Ideology: Ideology: Play— Drama Play— Drama ED ED

Neumann (1978) Play vs. WorkNeumann (1978) Play vs. Work

Motivation

Reality

Control

Drama Education in Drama Education in KindergartenKindergarten

Creative dramaCreative drama Story dramaStory drama

ECE students' Graduation ECE students' Graduation Play Play

for the Very Young for the Very Young AudienceAudience

In-service workshop

Drama Text in ChineseDrama Text in Chinese Lin, Mei-Chun (1994)Lin, Mei-Chun (1994)

創作性兒童戲劇入門創作性兒童戲劇入門 // 進階進階心理心理translated from Salisbury, B.translated from Salisbury, B.

Theatre Arts in the Elementary Classroom: Theatre Arts in the Elementary Classroom:

K through Grade 3 & Grade 4 through K through Grade 3 & Grade 4 through Grade 6Grade 6. .

Lin, Mei-Chun Lin, Mei-Chun （（ 2000, 20052000, 2005 ）心理）心理Theory & Practice of Creative DramaTheory & Practice of Creative Drama

-Action Research in the classroom-Action Research in the classroom

創造性戲劇理論與實務─行動研究創造性戲劇理論與實務─行動研究

Chang, Shao-Hua （ 2004 ）Principle &Practice in Creative Drama

Chi-Chang Tsi & Re-Fung She （ 2001 ）Theatre in Education in Taiwan

Heinig, R. B.translated by Chen, Ren-Fu Improvisation with favorite tales: integrating drama into the reading/ writing classroom

Giant Giant 2000-20102000-2010

Educational ReformEducational Reform

Grade 1-9 Grade 1-9 Curricular ReformCurricular Reform

The Unbearable The Unbearable Heaviness of schoolbag…Heaviness of schoolbag…

Competence-based curriculum Competence-based curriculum ⅠⅠ Self understanding & exploration of potentials

Appreciation, Representation & Creativity Expression, Communication & Sharing

Competence-based curriculum Competence-based curriculum ⅡⅡ

Respect, care & team work

Planning, organizing and putting plans into practice

Competence-based curriculum Competence-based curriculum ⅢⅢ

Independent thinking & Problem Solving

Cultural learning, Cultural learning, International International UnderstandingUnderstanding

Performing Arts in Primary SchoolPerforming Arts in Primary School in Arts & Humanity Domain in Arts & Humanity Domain

Explore &Explore & Apply & Apply &

Appreciate &Appreciate &

Express Express ImplementImplement

UnderstandUnderstand

Drama into Aesthetic DomainDrama into Aesthetic Domain in Kindergarten National in Kindergarten National

GuidelineGuideline

• 2005-2007National survey: 2005-2007National survey: observations via the observations via the Aesthetic Scale of 1330 children in TaiwanAesthetic Scale of 1330 children in Taiwan

• 2007-2009 Experimental study2007-2009 Experimental study 3’s, 4’s, 5’s

• Play in Arts, Movement, Music, Dramatic Play

• Revisions of Learning Indicators

• 2009-2011Case Study2009-2011Case Study ： Teacher interpretations of the new national guideline

• Case book to exemplify How to integrate into the preschool/kindergarten curriculum

Sensory Exploration

& Awareness

Productive ExperienceResponsive

ExperienceCreative &expressive component

Response to NaturalBeauty

Appreciationof the Arts

FormJudgmentsandPreferences

Content 　

Competenc

e

positiveaffect Arts, Music,

Dramatic play

Explore &Awareness

美 -1-1體驗生活環境中愉悅的美感經驗

美 -1-2運用五官感受生活環境中各種形式的美 ( 視覺 聽覺 動覺 )

Create & Express

美 -2-1發揮想像並進行個人獨特的創作

美 -2-2 運用各種形式的藝術媒介進行創作 ( 視覺、音樂、戲劇 )

Respond &Appreciate

美 -3-1樂於接觸多元的藝術創作，回應個人的感受

美 -3-2欣賞藝術創作或展演活動，回應個人的看法 ( 視覺、音樂、戲劇 )

New drama programs New drama programs in the Universities in Taiwan in the Universities in Taiwan

2003 Graduate program in NUTN2003 Graduate program in NUTN 20062006 Department of Drama Creation Department of Drama Creation

& Application in National U of Tainan& Application in National U of Tainan Arts and Humanity graduate Arts and Humanity graduate

programs in Taiwan & Taipei Arts programs in Taiwan & Taipei Arts UniversityUniversity

Performing Arts in Normal UniversityPerforming Arts in Normal University

Department programDepartment program

More translation Work from the More translation Work from the WestWest

– Uk drama specialist– Uk drama specialist

More works translated into More works translated into ChineseChinese

– drama text from Australia – drama text from Australia & UK& UK

Master workshops ⅠMaster workshops Ⅰ

Master workshops ⅡMaster workshops Ⅱ

Master workshops ⅢMaster workshops Ⅲ

International conference International conference ⅠⅠ

International conference International conference ⅡⅡ

Organization & PublicationsOrganization & Publications Taiwan Drama Education Taiwan Drama Education

Association: Research Association: Research JournalJournal

Centre for Applied Centre for Applied Theatre, TaiwanTheatre, Taiwan

BearingBearing

Facing the Facing the challengeschallenges

Challenge 1 Problems in schoolChallenge 1 Problems in school

◆ ◆ Ability to transform the national Ability to transform the national integrative curriculum guidelines into the integrative curriculum guidelines into the real activities in the classroomreal activities in the classroom

◆ ◆ New Pedagogical viewNew Pedagogical view ：： Student centered, Competence based Student centered, Competence based

Product vs. ProcessProduct vs. Process

Assessment of learning & for learningAssessment of learning & for learning

◆ ◆ Implementation & teacher training Implementation & teacher training issuesissues

Challenge 2 DefinitionsChallenge 2 Definitions creative dramacreative drama 創造（作）性戲劇創造（作）性戲劇 ImprovisationImprovisation 、、 drama makingdrama making 即興創作即興創作 Educational dramaEducational drama 教育性戲劇教育性戲劇 Process dramaProcess drama 過程戲劇過程戲劇 classroom dramaclassroom drama 教室戲劇教室戲劇 DD II E E 教育（習）戲劇教育（習）戲劇 TIE TIE 教育教育 (( 習習 )) 劇場劇場 Theatre convention Theatre convention 劇場習式（慣例手法）劇場習式（慣例手法） 應用劇場應用劇場 // 應用戲劇應用戲劇 // 一人一故事、口述歷史、社一人一故事、口述歷史、社

群劇場群劇場

Applied Drama/Applied Applied Drama/Applied TheatreTheatre

Playback TheatrePlayback Theatre 一人一故事劇場一人一故事劇場 Oral HistoryOral History 口述歷史口述歷史 Museum TheatreMuseum Theatre 博物館劇場博物館劇場 Forum TheatreForum Theatre 論壇劇場論壇劇場 Theatre of the OppressedTheatre of the Oppressed 被壓迫者劇場被壓迫者劇場 Community TheatreCommunity Theatre 社群社群 (( 區）劇場區）劇場 Applied Drama/Theatre in School & in Applied Drama/Theatre in School & in

Community Community 戲劇應用於學校＆社區戲劇應用於學校＆社區

Awaking Awaking Culture Culture

InnovationInnovation

Boarder Boarder CrossingCrossing

ChangeChange Technology Technology GlobalizationGlobalization

Globalization-Globalization-LocalizationLocalization

2010 Law for the

Develop-ment of

the Cultural &

Creative Industries

Ministry of cultureMinistry of culture

Was founded in Was founded in 2012.2012.

首要職責：首要職責： 文化國力的培養與提升。文化國力的培養與提升。 政策基本目標：政策基本目標：一、公民文化權的全面落實一、公民文化權的全面落實二、美學環境的創造二、美學環境的創造三、文化價值的維護與建立三、文化價值的維護與建立四、創意產業競爭力的提升四、創意產業競爭力的提升

Shared belief: human lifeShared belief: human life

Making sense of the individual and Making sense of the individual and

collaborative experiences through collaborative experiences through dramadrama

Playful, authentic, meaningful Playful, authentic, meaningful process-process-

Guiding people to understand Guiding people to understand and reconstruct the relationship and reconstruct the relationship

between between

Man & self, Man & self,

Man & Others, Man & Others,

Man & Society, Man & Culture Man & Society, Man & Culture

and Man & Environmentand Man & Environment