nutrition for hypertension

8/13/2019 Nutrition for Hypertension

1/26

NUTRITION FOR HYPERTENSION

AnumillahArini Zidna

111 0211 066


2/26

What is Blood Pressure?

Blood pressure is the force in the arteries

when the heart beats (systolic pressure) and

when the heart is at rest (diastolic pressure).

It's measured in millimeters of mercury (mm

Hg).


3/26

Hypertension, also known as high blood

pressure.

High blood pressure (or hypertension) is

defined in an adult as a blood pressure greater

than or equal to 140 mm Hg systolic pressure

or greater than or equal to 90 mm Hg diastolic

pressure.

What is Hypertension?


4/26


5/26

Types of Hypertension

Essential Hypertension or Primary HypertensionHypertension of an unknown cause, which may be theresult of a combination of poor lifestyle choices andgenetics. Lifestyle factors that may play a role include

poor diet (high sodium, low fruit and vegetable intake),tobacco use, limited physical activity, stress, andoverweight/obesity.

Secondary HypertensionHypertension that arises asa result of another disease, most often associated with

the endocrine system (the bodys gland system,responsible for secreting hormones). Secondaryhypertension may be resolve with treatment of theunderlying condition.


6/26

What to do?

Hypertension can be controlled throughlifestyle changes, research has shown that

modest lifestyle and dietary changes can help

treat and often delay or prevent high blood

pressure.

Things to do:

DASH-Sodium diet and other dietary plan

Weight loss

Increased physical activity

Limit alcohol


7/26

DASH

The DASH (Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension)dietary pattern is recommended by the American HeartAssociation, and the National Cancer Institute.

The DASH diet is an overall eating plan that focuses oneating twice the average daily amount of fruits,vegetables, complex carbohydrates and low-fat dairyproducts.

Under the DASH 2 low sodium diet, people with Stage

1 hypertension were able to lower their blood pressureas much or more than any anti-hypertensivemedication had been able to decrease it.


8/26

DASH

The DASH-Sodium Diet:

Emphasizes more fruits, vegetables, low-fat

dairy foods

Contains smaller amounts of red meat, total

and saturated fat, cholesterol and sugar

Higher in potassium, magnesium, and calcium Includes whole grains, poultry, fish and nuts

Limits sodium


9/26

DASH

In the DASH-Sodium Diet study, blood pressure

reduction was

Achieved within 2 weeks of starting the DASH-

Sodium Diet

Greater in patients with hypertension and less

in normotensive patients

Occurred in all groups studied, i.e., men,

women, African Americans and elderly


10/26


11/26


12/26


13/26


14/26


15/26


16/26


17/26

Other Dietary Plan

Low sodium dietA decrease in sodium (a

major component of salt) is associated with a

decrease in blood pressure. The current

Dietary Guidelines recommend consuming nomore than 2,300 milligrams of sodium per

day. What patients need to know about

sodium in foods : Limiting use of the saltshaker is unlikely to lower sodium intake

enough


18/26


19/26

Other Dietary Plan

Potassium, calcium, and magnesium

Potassium works with sodium to regulate the bodyswater balance. Research shows that a high potassium-to-sodium ratio is associated with a greater likelihood

that normal blood pressure will be maintained. Therecommended intake of potassium for adults is 4.7grams/day.

Potassium rich foods such as leafy green vegetables,root vegetables like potatoes and carrots, and fruit,

should be eaten everyday An increased intake of calcium and magnesium may

have blood pressure lowering benefits, especially ifachieved through the DASH dietary pattern.


20/26

Weight Loss

A 10 kg (approximate 20 lb) weight loss willproduce a 5-20 mmHg reduction in systolic

blood pressure and will likely reduce the

severity of other CVD risk factors.


21/26

Increased Physical Activity

Long-term goalAccumulate at least 30minutes or more of moderate intensityphysical activity on most, and preferably all,

days of the week. Caloric expenditure will vary with intensity of

the activity and body weight. Obeseindividuals may achieve a moderate intensityat lower levels due to the work load of excessweight and low cardiorespiratory fitness.


22/26


23/26


24/26


25/26


26/26

nutrition for hypertension

Documents