nutrition assessment.ppt
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NUTRITIONTRANSCRIPT
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2007 Thomson - WadsworthChapter 13Nutrition Care and Assessment0
2007 Thomson - Wadsworth
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2007 Thomson - WadsworthNutrition in Health CareHealth problemsAlter nutrition needsCan lead to malnutritionPoor nutrition statusCan influence the course of disease & bodys response to treatmentHospitalized patients40-60% with acute illness are malnourished Others decline in nutrition status within 3 weeks
2007 Thomson - Wadsworth
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2007 Thomson - WadsworthHow Illness Affects Nutrition StatusReduced food intakeNauseaInflammation of mouthMedications can cause GI upsetInterferes with digestion & absorptionAlters metabolism & excretionDietary restrictions for some surgeries or chronic illnessesDrain on financial resourcesUnable to prepare foodEmotional upset
2007 Thomson - Wadsworth
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2007 Thomson - WadsworthResponsibility for Nutrition CareRegistered DietitiansProvide medical nutrition therapyAssess, diagnose, develop,implement & evaluate nutrition care plansPlan & approve menusProvide educationRegistered Dietetic TechnicianAssist the Registered DietitiansPhysiciansPrescribe diet ordersNursesScreen patientsParticipate in nutrition assessmentsProvide direct nutrition careOther team members such as pharmacists & speech therapists consult
2007 Thomson - Wadsworth
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2007 Thomson - WadsworthIdentifying Risk for MalnutritionNutrition screeningIdentifies persons at risk for nutrition problemsMust be done 24 hours after admissionShould be completed in 5-15 minutes
ScreeningMedical diagnosisMedical recordPhysical measurementsLab reportsDiet history
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2007 Thomson - WadsworthPlanning CareThe Nutrition Care ProcessNutrition assessmentNutrition diagnosisNutrition interventionNutrition monitoring & evaluation The Nursing ProcessAssessmentNursing diagnosisOutcome identification & planningImplementationEvaluation
2007 Thomson - Wadsworth
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2007 Thomson - Wadsworth
2007 Thomson - Wadsworth
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2007 Thomson - WadsworthThe Nutrition Care ProcessAssessmentMedical, social, & dietary historiesAnthropometric dataBiochemical analysisPhysical examDiagnosisActual or potentialProblem, etiology, signs & symptoms
InterventionDietary changesNutrition educationMedication changesMonitoring & evaluationMay need to modify the planMust be flexible
2007 Thomson - Wadsworth
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2007 Thomson - WadsworthHistorical InformationMedical historyAgeGenderWeightPrescription drugsOTC medicationsDietary supplementsType of illnessSocial historyCultural heritageFinancial concernsWho prepares and shops for foodLiving situationDiet historyFood intakeMeal patternsPhysical problems
2007 Thomson - Wadsworth
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2007 Thomson - WadsworthDietary Assessment Methods24-hour recallAll foods & beveragesTime of day eatenAmounts consumedFood preparationTypical day?Food frequency questionnaireFood recordRecorded over several daysRecorded as consumedDoes not rely on memoryDirect observationCalorie countingTime consuming
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2007 Thomson - WadsworthFood Frequency Questionnaire
2007 Thomson - Wadsworth
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2007 Thomson - WadsworthAnthropometric DataHeight: AdultsLengthInfants< 24 monthsWeightBMI% Usual body weight% Ideal body weight Head circumferenceAssesses brain development< 3 years of ageCircumference of waist & limbsEvaluates body fatEvaluates muscle mass
2007 Thomson - Wadsworth
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2007 Thomson - Wadsworth
2007 Thomson - Wadsworth
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2007 Thomson - Wadsworth
2007 Thomson - Wadsworth
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2007 Thomson - Wadsworth
2007 Thomson - Wadsworth
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2007 Thomson - Wadsworth
2007 Thomson - Wadsworth
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2007 Thomson - Wadsworth
2007 Thomson - Wadsworth
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2007 Thomson - WadsworthBiochemical AnalysisProvides information aboutProtein-energy nutritionVitamin & mineral statusFluid & electrolyte balanceOrgan functioningAnalysis of blood & urine samples
2007 Thomson - Wadsworth
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2007 Thomson - WadsworthPlasma ProteinsAlbuminMost abundantSlow to reflect changes in statusTransferrinTransports ironIndicates PEM & iron statusSlow to detect changes in statusPrealbumin & retinol-binding proteinAlso called transthyretinResponds quickly to changes in protein statusExpensive test0
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2007 Thomson - WadsworthFluid ImbalanceEdemaWeight gainFacial puffinessSwelling limbsAbdominal distentionTight-fitting shoesDiseases of heart, kidney, liver, lungsDehydration ThirstDry skin or mouthReduced skin tensionDark yellow or amber urine with low volumeFever, sweating, vomiting, diarrhea, burns
2007 Thomson - Wadsworth
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2007 Thomson - WadsworthAssessment of Nutrition StatusFunctional AssessmentExercise toleranceRespiratory muscle strengthImmunity Integrating assessment dataSubjective Global Assessment (SGA)Combines historical information with results of physical examination
2007 Thomson - Wadsworth
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2007 Thomson - Wadsworth
2007 Thomson - Wadsworth
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