NOTES #

3 PROPE

RTIE

S

AND PHASES O

F MAT

TER

1. WHAT IS MATTER?

Matter is anything that :Has mass

Has volume (takes up space)

LIST 5 things that are MATTER

LIST 5 THINGS THAT ARE N

OT M

ATTER

HOW CAN MATTER BE IDENTIFIED? Matter can be identified by:

Physical properties- what you can observe without changing the matter

• color, texture, density, melting point, conductivity, odor

Chemical properties- how matter interacts with other matter and changes into something new

• reactivity,

WHAT ARE SOME PHYSICAL PROPERTIES?Density

color

odor

phase

Physical properties can be observed without

changing what the substance is

WHAT ARE SOME CHEMICAL PROPERTIES?

flammabilityreactivity

WHAT ARE THE STATES, OR PHASES, OF MATTER?

1. solid

2. liquid

3. gas

4. plasma?

1.WHAT ARE SOME PROPERTIES OF SOLIDS

definite shape , definite volumeParticles move slowly and are strongly attracted to each other

Particles can only vibrate in place

ADD SOLIDS VIDEO

2. WHAT ARE SOME PROPERTIES OF LIQUIDS?

definite volume but no definite shape,

takes the shape of its container

Particles move faster and are weakly attracted to each other.

Particles are able to slide past one another (flow)

SPECIAL PROPERTIES OF LIQUIDS:

Viscosity- resistance to flowing,

Thick liquids (like honey) have a

high viscosity and do not flow easily

INSERT CORNSTARCH VIDEO

SPECIAL PROPERTIES OF LIQUIDS

surface tension- causes liquids to “bead” up

ADD LIQUIDS VIDEO

3: WHAT ARE SOME PROPERTIES OF GASES?no definite shape and no definite volume- expand to fill container

Particles move very fast and are very weakly attracted to each other

Gases are free flowing

ADD GASES VIDEO

4. WHAT THE HECK IS PLASMA?

Most common state of matter in the universe

Found in :stars (including our sun), jet engines,

Lightning, nuclear reactor cores, Aurora (northern and southern lights)

PLASMA EXAMPLES

Properties of Plasma:

Very hot

very low density

Electrons have separated from their nucleus and orbit more randomly

ADD PLASMA VIDEO

PHASE CHANGE NOTES BEGIN HERE

WHAT ARE PHASE CHANGES?

A change of phase or state is a physical change. No new substance is created.

Caused by adding or removing energy

Temperature- a measure of the average

speed of the particles of a substance

WHAT HAPPENS WHEN A SUBSTANCE GAINS ENERGY? a. Speed of particles

increases b. Temp. increases c. Vol. increases

d. Substance may change to higher energy state

ADDING ENERGY PROCESS

Solids liquids melting

Liquids gases vaporization

Solid gas sublimation

WHAT HAPPENS WHEN A SUBSTANCE LOSES ENERGY?

a. Speed of particles decreases

b. Temp. decreases

c. Vol. decreases

d. Substance may change to lower-energy phase

REMOVING ENERGY PROCESS

gases liquids Condensation

Liquids solids Freezing

PHASE CHANGE TEMP. OF SOME SUBSTANCES

substance Melting point(Celsius)

Boiling point(celsius)

water 0 100

ethanol -117 79

propane -190 -42

Table salt 801 1,465

A HANDY STUDY AID:

C. Energy and matter never disappear, they simply change forms.

KILLER LAKE VIDEO GOES HERE