neha
TRANSCRIPT
LOVELY PROFESSIONAL UNIVERSITY
DEPARTMENT OF MANAGEMENT
Report on Summer Training
BOOKS ORGANIZER
Submitted to Lovely Professional University
In partial fulfillment of the
Requirements for the award of Degree of
Master of Business Administration
Submitted by:
Neha Vohra
RS1906A19
DEPARTMENT OF MANAGEMENT
LOVELY PROFESSIONAL UNIVERSITY
PHAGWARA
DECLARATION
I hereby declare that the project work entitled "Books Organizer" is an authentic record of my own work carried out at “Alpha Net Technologies Pvt. Ltd.” as requirements of MAJOR
PROJECT of MBA in 2nd semester at LOVELY PROFESSIONAL UNIVERSITY (PHAGWARA), under the guidance of Mr. Lavkesh Kumar, during June to Aug , 2010.
(Signature of student)
Neha Vohra
RS1906 A19
10900387
Date:29/May/2010
Certified that the above statement made by the student is correct to the best of our knowledge
and belief.
(Signature of Project Guide)
Mr. Lavkesh Kumar
Training Manager
(Signature of HOD)
Certificate from Internal Guide
This is to certify that the project “Books Organizer” is being submitted by “Neha Vohra"
class Mba IT Third Semester, RS1906A19 of LSM , affiliated to Lovely Professional
University for the award of the degree of Masters, is a bona fide research work, carried out
by him under my supervision.
To the best of our knowledge, this work has not been submitted in part or full, for
publications or to any other University/Institute for the award of degree.
Internal Guide:
Mrs.Shaina Dhingra Arora
HeadofDepartment:
Suresh kashyap
Signature............................. Signature.......................
Acknowledgment
Alpha Net is a global software consulting and application development company specialized in tackling the most complex business problems through the use of technology, maximizing investment performance across portfolio of business critical application.
My journey towards achieving my destination for the design and development of “Books Organizer ” has finally come to a fruitful culmination.
My efforts and wholehearted co-corporation of each and everyone has ended on a successful note. During this journey, I faced numerous unforeseen problems and unknown challenges. However, at these junctures, a few enterprising people stepped in and guide me in a right direction.
I would like to extend my sincere acknowledgment to those who have supported and encouraged me during this tough journey. Many people met me during this endeavor and enriched me with their support and knowledge both personally and professionally that Resulted in the project being better that it could possibly have been without them.
I express my sincere gratitude to And Mr.Suresh Kashyap and my Internal Guide Mrs. Shaina Dhingra Arora , who assisting me throughout this project. I thank him for providing me the reinforcement, confidence and most importantly the track for the project whenever I needed it.
I’ll also express my sincere gratitude to Vinay Mohan, Training Head and Our Project Leader Lavkesh Kumar, Senior Developer of Alpha Net Technologies Pvt. Ltd., for their constant encouragement and support at all stages of this project. I also thank them for inducing professional attitude in me.
At last but not the least, I pay my due regards to my parents and Friends, because every time they encourage, and support me when I need or require.
Neha Vohra
Table of ContentsTable of Contents
SNo ParticularsPage
No
1. Acknowledgement ?
2. Certificate from Internal Guide ?
3. Certificate from Director or Principal ?
4. Introduction To Company ?
5. Overview of Project ?
6. Planning Phase ?
7. Analysis Phase ?
8. User Requirements ?
9. Overview of the .NET Framework ?
10. Visual C#.NET 3.0 ?
11. Microsoft SQL Server 2005 ?
12. Sources of Information ?
13. Objectives of the Proposed System ?
14. System Outline View ?
15. Software Specification ?
16. Design Phase ?
17. Data Flow Diagram’s (DFD’s) ?
18. Database Model ?
19. Screen Shots ?
20. System Implementation and Testing ?
21. Bibliography ?
Alpha IT World
Alpha Net is a global provider of technology services
enabling clients to reach their business goals
Alpha Net is a global software consulting and application development company specialized in tackling the most complex business problems through the use of technology, maximizing investment performance across portfolio of business critical applications, while reducing time and risk, since 1999.
Our core portfolio comprises applications development. We deliver a broad portfolio of services to clients in the manufacturing, financial services, healthcare, and communications with a team committed to deliver innovation.
Alpha Net currently has development centers in Santa Clara, CA , US and Chandigarh, India. The Alpha Net's development centers are state-of-the-art facilities in terms of their infrastructure, data security, and physical location projection. The development centers have IT infrastructures that span from Open Systems environments like Linux to the latest Windows-based systems. The centers have high-speed data links that connect them with each other and with the clients to create seamless virtual teams. Since we know security is important to you, the networks are protected through multiple layers of firewalls and DMZ implementations to ensure our customers' assets are protected.
Some Key Facts And Numbers
Current company is in State of California, United States of America. Parent Company founded in State of New York, United States of America in Dec 1999 Indian Operations started in Dec 2003. Current Gross Revenues of company are 7 Million USD. Total employee strength in USA and India: 75 Awarded “Small Business Specialist” certification from Microsoft Corporation Tie up with Chandigarh Engineering College (CEC), Landran to automate its all
processes due to the demand of modern era. Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) with Chandigarh Engineering College (CEC),
Landran to provide training and placements of its students from MCA, CSE and other IT disciplines.
Organize all events in Chitkara Institute of Engineering and Technology (CIET), Rajpura, Chandigarh in the years 2008 & 2009.
Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) with Chandigarh College of Engineering and Technology (CCET), Chandigarh for consultancy projects.
Placement for brilliant student(s) from the training to the company and after certain period of time according to their performance shift them to the US office on H1B/L1B Visa.
Companies Strength
The Alpha Net
Strength
people focused on personal growth and continuous learning commitment to excellence rapid response to your needs process orientation & strict adherence to development methodologies timely adoption & assimilation of technologies collaborative business model flexibility in development model honest, open and ethical relationships with all
We provide expertise in the following areas:
Staff Augmentation: Alpha Net Staff Augmentation provides a short and long term solution for organizations the need help managing the people, processes and technologies that deliver and sustain value in the complex IT implementation environment. Often organizations have projects the require the focus of key resources; Alpha Net Staff Augmentation can assist these organizations on a project specific basis to ensure projects are completed on schedule. Alpha Net Staff Augmentation matches experienced IT professionals and internal staff to create a powerful team that support development while saving organizations the time and money of developing such teams in-house.
Risk sharing projects: Alpha Net risk sharing services provides a short and long term solution for organizations that need help implementing advanced technologies and like to manage their people & processes. Since Information technology is intended to help our clients become more effective in their business operations. We are open to linking our charges for a project with the level of business benefit our clients realize or assist clients on a project by assuming + & - % risk to ensure projects are completed on scheduled time & cost.
Fixed bid projects: Our 'fixed bid' projects model provides the framework for a win-win scenario, in which the client is assured of quality deliverables within budget, on schedule. At the same time, we are assured of rewards for successful and on-time delivery of the assigned task. Clients also have the flexibility to choose a transaction-based model, where they pay us as and when realize revenues and is linked to the volume of transaction handled by the system we develop.
Time & Material projects: Our clients can utilize the services of our highly qualified resources on time and material assignments for consulting. We offer time and material services for both onsite as well as offshore assignments. In such engagements, the client has complete flexibility in working with our Associate and engaging them in tasks that match their expertise.
Companies Core Competencies
Our multiple process models address specific customer and project needs and span Domain Service, Maintenance, Testing, Conversion and Development process models.
“The hallmark of The AlphaNet process is that we tailor our approach to meet the needs of each client. There are no ‘cookie cutter’ answers”
We build personal relationships with our staff to understand their goals, and we leverage their strengths to improve the services they provide. We pride ourselves to be the Agile & Flexible solution delivery provider. Alpha Net & our developers could provide services in most flexible environments.
Consulting and Implementation: Consulting and Implementation services in ERP domain (primarily in SAP R/3 and Oracle Applications) and advances Internet technologies i.e. Microsoft .NET, J2EE framework and open technologies like Ruby, PHP, Python, etc.
Content Development and Technical Writing: We have written multiple technical books for our US Clients. Some of the books which we have written and are being used in training for US companies are:
~ OOP Programming using Java~ J2EE Programming~ Introduction to Struts~ .NET framework~ ASP.NET~ XML~ Web services
Enterprise Application Development: We are developing Web solutions for complex integration issues between ERP and legacy systems. We are involved in multiple offshore projects for developing Enterprise Applications using Java and .NET technologies. Alpha Net specializes is providing tailor-made outsourcing solutions for development and maintenance of your non-core business requirements using reliable, secure and agile infrastructure & resources
Training in Advanced Technologies: Training in Advanced technologies: Shortage of skilled manpower prompted us to open Training division to cater to our company needs and for outside world as well. Our training division is providing training in following streams:
1. Enterprise Application development using Java & DOTNET Technologies2. Mobile Application development using Java & DOTNET Technologies3. Web Application development using Java, DOTNET & PHP4. Games development using C++, C#, Java5. Hardware Interfacing development using C, C++, VC++ 6. Device Driver development using Assembly Language7. Embedded Devices design and development using Assembly Language and C.
Companies Prestigious ClientsList below includes our partial client base.
~ Wells Fargo Bank
~ Cisco
~ VMWare Inc
~ Dupont
~ International Paper
~ Solyndra Inc
~ AutoDesk Inc.
~ Applied Materials
~ Silicon Graphics Inc
~ Gold Bank
~ Sappi Fine Paper
~ Sinai Medical Center
~ IBM
~ Adaptec Inc
~ LandMark Education Corporation
~ FormFactor Inc
~ Transbay Cable
~ SteelRiver Infrastructure Partners
~ Transcontinental Media Group
~ Readytouch Inc
~ Novartis
~ BioMed Systems Inc
and many more………….
Current ProjectsWe are involved in the development of following projects:
CSRPP – Central Seniority Recasting of Punjab Police CSRPP application has specially designed interfaces for navigational purposes and sophisticated formulas for generating powerful results. The application is divided into two modules; one module is designed for gathering data (service particulars of officers) from various units of Punjab Police scattered in whole Punjab. The data entry can be done online as well as offline by the various units using CSRPP. The second module is the core part of application, which is designed for recasting the central seniority of various officers on the basis of seniority criteria of Punjab Police Act & the data gathered from all units of Punjab Police.
OnlineCIMS (Online Current Index of Medical Specialties) – It is an application which will keep a large knowledge base of medicines. The main objective behind the application to develop a search engine which allow users to look around the medicines available in the market containing specific salt. Application is intended to target the general public like pharmaceutical companies, physicians, chemists and patients, who are concerned with medicines in any way.
Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) System – The ERP system would cater to the requirements in the area of Sales, order and invoicing, production planning, production, inventory, purchase, finance, personnel and payroll management.
Shipping Manager – Web based communication between ERP and non ERP systems.
WebDrive – WebDrive would be a web Product, that will provide a common platform for storing and sharing data online. WebDrive is basically, the ability to store and share data in the form of files on the Internet. The data stored on a WebDrive can be accessed using a web browse (rather than directly like on a network drive).
Project:Books Organizer
Introduction
Overview
BooksOrganizer is a window based GUI (Graphical User Interface) application to manage
the processes of a Book Store who is dealing in books. The application is designed to keep
track of all the vendors & books purchased. Application has two types of users; Administrator
& Operator. All the users of the system have assigned different rights according to their User
Type(s). Administrator can create new users of Operator user type. Administrator is allowed
to manage different vendors of books. He is also allowed to manage the various books, in
which book store is dealing. Administrator can place order for the books & also allowed to
update the stock when order is received. He is also having provision to see the list of books
purchased & ordered. Operator have all rights same as Administrator but not allowed to
manage Operators. All the users allowed changing their login password.
Technologies to be used
1..NET
It consists of two parts
a) CLR stands for Common language runtime, which is run time environment to
execute the .Net programs.
b) .NET API (Application Programming Interface) that consists of inbuilt classes
used in .Net programs.
2.VC#.Net
.NET is Platform Dependent, Secure, Object Oriented, component oriented,
Scalable, and Robust Programming Language.
3.ADO.NET
ADO.NET (Active X data objects) is an API, which is used for the communication
of .NET programs with different databases.
4.Windows.NET
The Windows Forms classes contained in the .NET Framework are designed to be
used for Window based GUI development.
5.SQL Server
SQL Server is used as database, used to store data. It is RDBMS.
Planning Phase
Problem Recognition
A problem is well defined very rarely. It corps out with a vague feeling of some
statements lead to vague conclusions. So the first task is to get more crucial information
by interviewing and meeting concerned people. It clarifies how the problem is felt, how
often it occurs, how it affects the business and which departments are suffering with
this. This phase consists of the following tasks.
Problem Definition & Initial Investigation
This was a preliminary investigation done with a view to have a “feel” of the working
of the proposed system. This phase has been identified the end-user directly involved
in the system who were the managers, assistant officer and database administrator, and
the development department. By understanding the working of database, its flow and
also after conducting meetings and interviews with the concerned persons of the
department, a clear idea about the working was obtained. A flexible approach is
adapted towards people who are interviewed. Short hand written notes are prepared
based on the response of the employees. The interviews are preferably conducted at
the work place of the person being interviewed. Detailed investigation is done in order
to define the scope of the problem .The interview is concluded with a quick resume of
the ground covered during the interview .The Questionnaire technique is combined
with interviews to get the best result. Proper care has been taken in the design of such
questionnaires so that the persons answering these questions dose not feel hesitant. An
explanatory note that serves to gain cooperation and avoid misunderstanding by
setting out the purpose of the exercise clearly accomplishes each questionnaire.
Observation technique is also used for fact finding. The work described at the time of
interview is observed personally ads it reduces the chances of misunderstanding and
omissions. Some important things observed are like the flow of information through
the system and important data transactions, the data being maintained and the
frequency of their updating.
By the end of this phase, idea as to how the information enters the system, how it is
stored, how it is processed, how information changes affects the working of the system
and finally the output format required by the end-user was collected. All the
information generated from this phase acted as an input to the next phase.
Feasibility study.
A feasibility study is a test of a system proposal according to its workability impact on
organization, ability to meet user needs and effective use of resources. The objective
of a feasibility study is not to solve a problem but to acquire a sense of its scope.
During the study, the problem definition is crystallized and the aspects of the problem
to be included in the system are determined. After the initial investigation of system,
this helped to have in-depth study of existing system, understanding its strength and
weaknesses & requirements for new proposed system.
Feasibility study was done in three phases documented below:
1. Behavioral feasibility: People are inherently resistant to change and computers
ahave been known to facilitate change. There is always some reluctance among the
users against the introduction of new system but they were told that this system
would eliminate the unnecessary overhead of database migration and conversion,
which presently had to be carried out on daily basis to facilitate transactions
between the different departments. The objective this feasibility phase is to take
the operational staff into confidence. As the success of a good system depends
upon the willingness of the operating staff, they were taken into full confidence
that the new proposed system would make their jobs easier, relieve them from the
unnecessary overheads and reduce the possibility of errors creeping into the
system.
2. Economic feasibility: Economic feasibility is the most frequently used method for
evaluating the effectiveness of the candidate system. More commonly known as
cost\benefit analysis, the procedure is to determine the benefits and savings that
are expected from a candidate system and compare them with the costs. If benefits
outweigh the costs, then the decision is made to design and implement the system.
A cost benefit analysis was done for the proposed system to evaluate whether it
would be b economically viable or not. The organization has in store many
machines with high processing power necessary to implement the system.
Also the organization has necessary software i.e. Visual Studio 2008, SQL Server
2005, etc. or hardware to support the system. Considering the programmer time
and the negligible hardware/software cost required for developing the system, it
was found that the benefits in terms of reduced overhead as a result of elimination
of the requirement of database migration and conversion was more than the cost.
3. Technical feasibility: Technical feasibility centers on the existing computer system.
(Hardware/software) and to what extent it can support the proposed addition also
the organization already has sufficient high-end machines to serve the processing
requirements of the proposed system. So there is no need to purchase new software
as the organization has necessary software i.e. Visual Studio 2008, SQL Server
2005 etc or hardware to support the proposed system. Having gone through the
steps of the overall analysis and feasibility study the next step was to carry out a
detailed system analysis. The project analysis phase was conducted to learn about
the proposed system, to study the problems and finally select a system that would
take care of the problems identified in the working of the present system.
Analysis Phase
Detailed Study of the Existing System
This phase provides the overall requirement for the system what is to be done. Input for this
phase is the information collected through several data collecting schemes such as survey,
cross-questioning-answering etc and the raw data obtained which is not properly ordered and
not in the precise manner. So here this raw data is converted into useful information written in
precise manner and thus output is a formal document. After collecting all the information and
requirements, they were verified from the concerned persons by presenting a diagrammatic
version of the proposed system. The points missing were added to the system specifications
for the desired system. So this final document provides the system requirement specifications
for the desired system. It helps in reducing the total development cost and also establishes the
various points for validation and verification.
User Requirements
Since end users are the ones who are finally going to use the system, their requirements need
to be identified. This involves questioning the end users what their expectations were. The
main requirement of the end user is that the system should be easy to use and take less time.
In addition to these another important factor was to eliminate the need for database
conversion and migration that had to be carried out presently. After conducting interviews
with the users a document called the software requirement specification was created. This is
the most important document that forms the basis for system development. It should be
consistent, complete, unambiguous, traceable and inter-related.
This document has the following components:
Functional Requirements: The functional requirements specify relationship between
the inputs and outputs. All the operations to be performed on the input data to obtain
output are to be specified. This includes specifying the validity checks on the input
and output data, parameters affected by the operations and the other operations, which
must be used to transform the inputs into outputs. Functional requirements specify the
behavior of the system for valid input and outputs.
Performance Requirements: This section includes performance of the product that is
set by user interaction and studying the existing system of the organization. These are
stated in complete measurable terms, so that they can be verified during system
evaluation phase. Some of the performance requirements are stated below:
1. User Friendly: the system produced is user friendly, understandable and easy to use
so that the users of the system can easily learn to use the system. For this the
system is made menu-driven with well-documented programs.
2. Time Element (response and processing time): the response time of the system is
very less and takes less time to execute queries and triggers.
3. Maximum Throughput: the system gives maximum throughput with relevant
output
4. Robustness: the system will be able to handle undesirable situations and errors
encountered at various levels e.g. if the user supplies invalid input for processing,
the system gracefully halts, displaying a message to the user indicating the cause
of the error and prompting him it enter the correct input.
5. Flexibility: the system is flexible in nature so that likely changes and alterations can
easily be made.
6. Information Security: records in the system must be safe, confidential and must be
prevented from unauthorized access.
7. Moral and User Satisfaction: system will be able to satisfy the user requirements;
this is the main and conspicuous measure of the system performance. Also the
system must raise the moral of the user. The higher the moral, greater the expected
work performance level.
External Interfaces and Data Flow: This heading specifies the externally observable
characteristics of the software product. Several graphical tools are used to express the
requirements of a system rather than writing long lines of text. These are very
effective tools for use during the system analysis phase.
User Displays: These are extremely useful tools for interactive applications where fast
response is needed. The user displays consist of screens that help in designing a menu
driven system. The menus attached to the screens help in making a system interactive
and user friendly by providing an easy to use point and click interface to the
application. These menus consist of a list of options from which the user can choose
an action depending on the task to be performed. So these forms or so called user
displays is the key to the success of the entire system.
Microsoft .NETTechnologies
The .NET Framework is an integral Windows component that supports building and running
the next generation of applications and XML Web services. The key components of the .NET
Framework are the common language runtime and the .NET Framework class library, which
includes ADO.NET, ASP.NET, and Windows Forms. The .NET Framework provides a
managed execution environment, simplified development and deployment, and integration with
a wide variety of programming languages.
Fig: .NET Framework in Context
Overview Of .NET Framework
The .NET Framework is a new computing platform that simplifies application development in
the highly distributed environment of the Internet.
The .NET Framework is designed to fulfill the following objectives:
To provide a consistent object-oriented programming environment whether object code
is stored and executed locally, executed locally but Internet-distributed, or executed
remotely.
To provide a code-execution environment that minimizes software deployment and
versioning conflicts.
To provide a code-execution environment that guarantees safe execution of code,
including code created by an unknown or semi-trusted third party.
To provide a code-execution environment that eliminates the performance problems of
scripted or interpreted environments.
To make the developer experience consistent across widely varying types of
applications, such as Windows-based applications and Web-based applications.
To build all communication on industry standards to ensure that code based on
the .NET Framework can integrate with any other code
The .NET Framework has two main components:
The Common language runtime
The .NET Framework class library.
The Common Language Runtime
CLR is the foundation of the .NET Framework. You can think of the runtime as an agent that
manages code at execution time, providing core services such as memory management, thread
management, and remoting, while also enforcing strict type safety and other forms of code
accuracy that ensure security and robustness. In fact, the concept of code management is a
fundamental principle of the runtime. Code that targets the runtime is known as managed
code, while code that does not target the runtime is known as unmanaged code. The class
library, the other main component of the .NET Framework, is a comprehensive, object-
oriented collection of reusable types that you can use to develop applications ranging from
traditional command-line or graphical user interface (GUI) applications to applications based
on the latest innovations provided by ASP.NET, such as Web Forms and XML Web services.
The .NET Framework can be hosted by unmanaged components that load the common
language runtime into their processes and initiate the execution of managed code, thereby
creating a software environment that can exploit both managed and unmanaged features.
The .NET Framework not only provides several runtime hosts, but also supports the
development of third-party runtime hosts.
NET Framework Class Library
The .NET Framework class library is a collection of reusable types that tightly integrate with
the common language runtime. The class library is Object-Oriented, providing types from
which your own managed code can derive functionality. This not only makes the .NET
Framework types easy to use, but also reduces the time associated with learning new features
of the .NET Framework. In addition, third-party components can integrate seamlessly with
classes in the .NET Framework.
For example, the .NET Framework collection classes implement a set of interfaces that you
can use to develop your own collection classes. Your collection classes will blend seamlessly
with the classes in the .NET Framework.
As you would expect from an object-oriented class library, the .NET Framework types enable
you to accomplish a range of common programming tasks, including tasks such as string
management, data collection, database connectivity, and file access. In addition to these
common tasks, the class library includes types that support a variety of specialized
development scenarios. For example, you can use the .NET Framework to develop the
following types of applications and services:
c)Console applications.
d)Windows GUI applications (Windows Forms).
e)ASP.NET applications.
f) XML Web services.
g)Windows services.
Client Application Development
Client applications are the closest to a traditional style of application in Windows-based
programming. These are the types of applications that display windows or forms on the
desktop, enabling a user to perform a task. Client applications include applications such as
word processors and spreadsheets, as well as custom business applications such as data-entry
tools, reporting tools, and so on. Client applications usually employ windows, menus, buttons,
and other GUI elements, and they likely access local resources such as the file system and
peripherals such as printers.
Another kind of client application is the traditional ActiveX control (now replaced by the
managed Windows Forms control) deployed over the Internet as a Web page. This application
is much like other client applications: it is executed natively, has access to local resources,
and includes graphical elements.
In the past, developers created such applications using C/C++ in conjunction with the
Microsoft Foundation Classes (MFC) or with a rapid application development (RAD)
environment such as Microsoft® Visual Basic®. The .NET Framework incorporates aspects
of these existing products into a single, consistent development environment that drastically
simplifies the development of client applications.
The Windows Forms classes contained in the .NET Framework are designed to be used for
GUI development. You can easily create command windows, buttons, menus, toolbars, and
other screen elements with the flexibility necessary to accommodate shifting business needs.
For example, the .NET Framework provides simple properties to adjust visual attributes
associated with forms. In some cases, the underlying operating system does not support
changing these attributes directly, and in these cases, the .NET Framework automatically
recreates the forms. This is one of many ways in which the .NET Framework integrates the
developer interface, making coding simpler and more consistent.
Unlike ActiveX controls, Windows Forms controls have semi-trusted access to a user's
computer. This means that binary or natively executing code can access some of the resources
on the user's system (such as GUI elements and limited file access) without being able to
access or compromise other resources. Because of code access security, many applications
that once needed to be installed on a user's system can now be deployed through the Web.
Your applications can implement the features of a local application while being deployed like
a Web page.
Visual C#.Net 3.0
Visual C#.NET 3.0 is the next generation of the C, C++ & C# languages from Microsoft.
With Visual C#, you can build .NET applications, quickly and easily. Applications made with
Visual C# are built on the services of the common language runtime and take advantage of the
.NET Framework.
Visual C# has many new and improved features such as inheritance, interfaces, and
overloading that make it a more powerful object-oriented programming language. Other new
language features include free threading and structured exception handling. Visual C# fully
integrates the .NET Framework and the common language runtime, which together provide
language interoperability, garbage collection, enhanced security, and improved versioning
support. Visual C# supports single inheritance and creates Microsoft intermediate language
(MSIL) as input to native code compilers.
MS SQL Server 2005
Microsoft SQL Server 2005 is a family of products that meet the data storage requirements of
the largest data processing systems and commercial Web sites, yet at the same time can
provide easy-to-use data storage services to an individual or small business.
The data storage needs of a modern corporation or government organization are very
complex. Online Transaction Processing (OLTP) systems must be capable of handling
thousands of orders placed at the same time. Increasing numbers of corporations are
implementing large Web sites as a mechanism for their customers to enter orders, contact the
service department, get information about products, and for many other tasks that previously
required contact with employees. These sites require data storage that is secure, yet tightly
integrated with the Web. Organizations are implementing off-the-shelf software packages for
critical services such as human resources planning, manufacturing resources planning, and
inventory control. These systems require databases capable of storing large amounts of data
and supporting large numbers of users.
Organizations have many users who must continue working when they do not have access to
the network. Examples are mobile disconnected users, such as traveling sales representatives
or regional inspectors. These users must synchronize the data on a notebook or laptop with the
current data in the corporate system, disconnect from the network, record the results of their
work while in the field, and then finally reconnect with the corporate network and merge the
results of their fieldwork into the corporate data store.
MS SQL Server 2005 Architecture
MS SQL Server 2005 data is stored in databases. The data in a database is organized into the
logical components visible to users. A database is also physically implemented as two or more
files on disk.
When using a database, you work primarily with the logical components such as tables,
views, procedures, and users. The physical implementation of files is largely transparent.
Typically, only the database administrator needs to work with the physical implementation.
Fig: MS SQL Server 2005 Architecture
Each instance of SQL Server has four system databases (master, model, tempdb, and msdb)
and one or more user databases. Some organizations have only one user database, containing
all the data for their organization. Some organizations have different databases for each group
in their organization, and sometimes databases used by a single application.
Source Of Information
Primary sources of the information involve direct interaction with the employees of the
organization working in the development department.
The various techniques used for collecting information are:
Interviews: interviews are the main source of gathering data and to get acquainted with
the existing system. Almost all the information about the present system was gathered
with the help of interviews. The questions are pre-planned and asked according to the
designation of the users.
Observations: Observations were personally made of what data is desired and how it is
to be graphically represented or in a tabular manner and how it is to be saved. The
observation of crucial information, data flows and functioning of the entire system was
made carefully. This helped to obtain the additional knowledge about the system and
to view the system more deeply. So all the aspects of the existing system are
thoroughly observed which includes how people perform their tasks, noting the things
that they do, how they do it and how much time they take. The records being
manipulated and their frequency of updating and flow of documentation and important
business transactions are also observed. Observations were personally made of how
data can be possibly queried and represented by the user.
Objective Of Proposed System
The development of the proposed system is done keeping in view the problems in the existing
system. The proposed system will not only overcome the limitations of the present system but
will also provide the following characteristics.
The objective of the system would be:
To reduce the paper work involved in managing the book store data.
To provide a user friendly environment to manage all the information of vendors
(dealers as well as publishers).
To provide interface for managing all the books information in which the book store is
dealing.
To provide a proper interface for placing books orders.
To provide a user friendly environment for updating the stock information on the actual
purchase.
To provide user with an interface for viewing the report of books purchase details.
To centralize all the data of a book store.
System Outline View
After firming the requirements of the system, the summary chart or data flow diagram (DFD)
of the proposed system is prepared. This gives the brief of the system with respect to the
inputs being considered, the outputs reports, the data being transformed and the main
processed involved in the system.
The Inputs required for this system are:
Login.
Software Information.
Software final Cost Information.
Software’s manual and tutorial information.
Reports Information:
The Outputs required for this system
1.Effective Maintenance of Software.
2.Software Cost Maintenance
3.Software Manual and Tutorial Maintenance
4.Calculation of final profit or loss.
5.Reports.
Software Specification:
Software Requirements
1. Framework
1. Net Framework 3.5
2. Environment
1. Microsoft Visual C# 2008 Express
3. Database
1. SQL Server 2005 Express Edition
4. Operating System
1. Windows Vista/XP SP2
Windows Vista/XP SP2
a) Intel P4 processor with minimum 2.0Ghz Speed
b)RAM: Minimum 512MB
c)Hard Disk: Minimum 20GB.
Design Phase
After the analysis phase we have with us the details of the existing system and the
requirements of the user for the new system. This phase diverts focus from the problem
domain to the solution domain. It acts as a bridge between the requirement phase and its
solution. The design phase focuses on the detailed implementation of the system
recommended in the feasibility study. Emphasis is on translating performance specifications
into design specifications.
The External Design
External design consists of conceiving, planning out and specifying the externally observable
characteristics of the software product. These characteristics include user displays or user
interface forms and the report formats, external data sources and the functional characteristics,
performance requirements etc. External design begins during the analysis phase and continues
into the design phase.
Data Flow Diagram’s (DFD’s)
Index
Login
Administer
Operator
Manage User
Manage Vendor
Manage Books
Manage Purchase Order
Manage Books Purchased
Change Password
Data Model
Screen Shots
using System.Windows.Forms;using System.Data.SqlClient;using System.Configuration;
namespace BooksOrganizer{ public partial class frmLogin : Form { SqlConnection conBugTracker = new SqlConnection(ConfigurationManager.ConnectionStrings["ConString"].ConnectionString.ToString()); SqlCommand cmdLogin; SqlDataReader dtrLogin;
public frmLogin() { InitializeComponent(); }
private void btnLogin_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { try { if (txtUserName.Text == "") { MessageBox.Show("Enter User Name", "Alpha Net Tech. Pvt. Ltd: Message Service", MessageBoxButtons.OK, MessageBoxIcon.Error); txtUserName.Focus(); } else if (txtPassword.Text == "") { MessageBox.Show("Enter Password", "Alpha Net Tech. Pvt. Ltd: Message Service", MessageBoxButtons.OK, MessageBoxIcon.Error); txtPassword.Focus();
}
As here I mentioned the coding for a particular form i.e Login Form
Login Form is used to work on that particular software which I prepared and it is basically for the Security purpose means that only that person who knows the password can access this software for arranging the Books and keeping the Records of the Vendors.
Here I mentioned a brief description about the particular Form and about its coding:
1.using System.IO It include following classes
- File Class
- Directory Class
-File Info Class
- Directory Info Class
- Stream Reader Class
-Stream Writer Class
- File Stream
And each class may contain various Methods. Similarly each namespace may perform different functions.
And after clicking on the Login Button we may work under this coding i.e
public partial class frmLogin : Form{
}
It may have a particular path from where we have a databases. And then at last we used a coding process for Erp stands for Error Provider, means if we try to login without adding password or user name or anyone can enter any wrong name or password it may show an error which is already mention in the coding under try block.
And similarly like this each and every form may contain sum methods to perform that particular function.
Purpose:
This form is the main form in which we mention menu strips and by scrolling it down it may show various features like here Add menu may contain to add a new user name and add book name and vendor record
Name of the user which is their in Database and Password
Save the data and clear the textboxes
Purpose:
1. Username and password are already set in database and under which user you want to work that we had to show.
2. Even here we have to users one is Admin and second is Operator under which we can store data.
This form may add whole information about Book which may issued to anyone
Purpose:
1. This form will add the name of the book which is available in the Book Store.
2. All the related information of a book.
This form contain the vendor information when they buy a book
Purpose:
1. It may help to make the records manually and even we can check it at anytime
2. Here it may Add the Name, Address, Phone, Mobile of a Vendor who sell the Book.
If any record can enter incorrectly or we want to change any record about buyer that is done under this form
Purpose:
1.If a store person want to change the User information that all the changes can be made under this by mentioning the User name and password and then can update it by using Update button
Purpose:
Similarly this Form may Edit the Book record in the system as Seller may buy or add a new book and it is done by Update Button.
This form may contain various Different buttons like First, Last, Next, Previous and each may perform different function as First may show the Record of First Book and Next
must show the record of Next to existing record
Cancel is for exit from this form
Purpose:
Similarly this Form may Edit the Vendor record in the system as Seller may change his address or phone number or add a new Vendor Record and it is done by Update Button.
This form may contain various Different buttons like First, Last, Next, Previous and each may perform different function as First may show the Record of First Book and Next
must show the record of Next to existing record
Cancel is for exit from this form
Purpose:
Similarly this Form may Show the User record in the system as seller may want to see or want to know any record about any particular person that may by a Book.
This form may contain various different buttons like First, Last, Next, Previous and each may perform different function as First may show the Record of First Book and Next
must show the record of Next to existing record
Cancel is for exit from this form
Purpose:
Similarly this Form may Show the Books record in the system as seller may want to see or want to know any record about any particular Book that may available.
This form may contain various different buttons like First, Last, Next, Previous and each may perform different function as First may show the Record of First Book and Next
must show the record of Next to existing record
Cancel is for exit from this form
Purpose:
1.This form may contain the information about the book and the vendor ,through which we can able to know that which Book was sold by which vendor and on which date.
Purpose:
This Form may show a list of Books and Vendors and the Quantity they ordered and on which date and it is really very easy for the user to know each and every information about the Book Store.
To change the Old password
Purpose:
1.It is one of the simplest work as we just have to mention the old password which we want to change and mention a new password which is confidential
System Implementation And Testing
Implementation Issues
Implementation phase of the software development is concerned with translating the
design specifications into the source code. After the system has been designed, and
arrives the stage of putting it into actual usage known as the implementation of the
system. This involves putting up of actual practical usage of the theoretically designed
system. The primary goal of implementation is to write the source code and the
internal documentation so that conformance of the code to its specifications can easily
be verified and so the debugging, modifications and testing are eased. This goal can be
achieved by making the source code as clear and as straightforward as possible.
Simplicity, Elegance and Clarity are the hallmarks of good programs whereas
complexity are indications of inadequate design and misdirected thinking. The system
implementation is a fairly complex and expensive task requiring numerous inter-
dependent activities. It involves the effort of a number of groups of people: user and
the programmers and the computer operating staff etc. This needs a proper planning to
carry out the task successfully. Thus it involves the following activities:
8. Writing and testing of programs individually
9. Testing the system as a whole using the live data
10. Training and Education of the users and supervisory staff
Source code clarity is enhance buy using structured coding techniques, by efficient
coding style, by appropriate supporting documents, by efficient internal comments and
by features provided in the modern programming language.
The following are the structured coding techniques:
1. Single Entry, Single Exit
2. Data Encapsulation
3. Using recursion for appropriate problems
Testing
The most important activity at the implementation stage is the system testing with the
objective of validating the system against the designed criteria. During the
development cycle, user was involved in all the phases that are analysis, design and
coding. After each phase the user was asked whether he was satisfied with the output
and the desired rectification was done at the moment. During coding, generally bottom
up technique is used. Firstly the lower level modules are coded and then they are
integrated together.
Thus before implementation, it involves the testing of the system. The testing phase
involves testing first of separate parts of the system and then finally of the system as a
whole. Each independent module is tested first and then the complete system is tested.
This is the most important phase of the system development. The user carries out this
testing and test data is also prepared by the user to check for all possible combinations
of correct data as well as the wrong data that is trapped by the system. So the testing
phase consists of the following steps:
d)Unit testing:
In the bottom of coding technique, each module is tested individually. Firstly the
module is tested with some test data that covers all the possible paths and then the
actual data was fed to check for results.
e) Integration testing:
After all the modules are ready and duly tested, these have to be integrated into the
application. This integrated application was again tested first with the test data and
then with the actual data.
f) Parallel testing:
The third in the series of tests before handling over the system to the user is the
parallel processing of the old and the new system. At this stage, complete and
thorough testing is done and supports out the event that goes wrong. This provides
the better practical support to the persons using the system for the first time who
may be uncertain or even nervous using it.
The testing will be performed considering the following points:
1.Clerical procedure for collection and disposal of results
2.Flow of data within the organization
3.Accuracy of report output
4.Software testing which involves testing of all the programs together. This involves the
testing of system software utilities being used and specifically develops application
software.
5.Incomplete data formats
6.Halts due to various reasons and the restart procedures.
7.Range of items and incorrect formats
8.Invalid combination of data records.
9.Access control mechanism used to prevent unauthorized access to the system
Bibliography
Books 1. Beginning C# 3.0: An Introduction to Object Oriented Programming by Jack
Purdum2. Beginning SQL Server 2005 Programming by Robert Vieira3. Programming In C# by Balagurusamy, Publisher: Mcgraw Hill Education
(india) Ltd.4. Programming C# 3.0 by Jesse Liberty, Donald Xie Fifth Edition5. SQL Server 2005 Bible by Paul Nielsen6. Microsoft SQL Server 2005: A Beginner''s Guide: A Beginner's Guide
(Beginner's Guide (Osborne Mcgraw Hill)) by Dusan Petkovic
Websites 1. http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/vstudio/default.aspx2. http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/netframework/default.aspx3. http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/sqlserver/default.aspx4. http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/vcsharp/default.aspx5. http://www.microsoft.com/sql/default.mspx6. http://www.sql-server-performance.com/7. http://www.sqlservercentral.com/8. http://databases.about.com/