DNA ScreeningEricka and Neha

• Deoxyribonucleic Acid• The information coded in our DNA is used to make

proteins• Each section of DNA that codes for protein is called a

gene.• The technology we have now as DNA screening, are test

doctors run on you to see if you have series of genes that are related to certain diseases.

• Sections of DNA that scientist can follow throughout cell division are called DNA markers.

• When some mark changed they said it was because the DNA

was changing this was related to the cell’s environment.

• Genetic TestingDNA Screening

For example, if someone had a gene that increased the

chances of getting a certain disease, if they change the cell’s environment it could

potentially change the gene

In simple words, DNA screening looks at

someone's genes and determines if they may or may not have a genetic

disorder.

Even cancer treatment can involve DNA screening

PROS

• Diseases would be easier to handle.

• Helpful to identify a missing relatives, parents or kids.

• Can use any parts of your body for testing. (blood, saliva, hair etc.)

• Helpful for crime investigations.

• Expensive. • The Anxiety of living with

the knowledge of having a very severe disease and it may be a burden.

• Confidentiality has become a problem.

• Innocent people could hold accountable for a crime they didn’t do.

• Results may take time and may not be accurate.

CONS

Benefits and Drawbacks

Innocent people had been called guilty for a crime that they didn’t committed.

DNA screening may helped find missing love one.

Social, Political, and Ethical IssuesSocial

A huge issue for individuals to encounter because other people (strangers) may use your DNA information.

The stress an individual may experience form knowing that he/she have a severe disease.

Privacy

Wrong Accusation

Reunite

Depression

Insurance companies can fully deny you or charge you more because of the disease you have.

More money is going into genetic testing research which makes more jobs available for it.

Social, Political, and Ethical IssuesPolitical

Employers may not be hired because of he/she’s genetic makeup and think you are not suitable for the job.

Anyone can trace you down by taking your saliva from your coffee cup etc.

Employment

Unfair Treatment

More jobs

Intruding

May be used to harm others like to create a crime or other wrong proposes.

A job interview would consist of a crime sample that is screened for your genetic makeup-which is essentially your identity.

Social, Political, and Ethical IssuesEthical

These test could informed parents if they have a normal child or not, and if they don’t they could try to alter the DNA to have a perfect child and assort ones that are not.

Due to “bad” genes.

Decision making

Take advantage

Responsibility

Discrimination

How is the procedure performed How DNA screening works can be a bit complex, especially as it relates to determining human

identity.

Process 1Medical geneticist,

primary care doctor, specialist or nurse

practitioner orders the test.

Often done as a part of a genetic consultation.

Process 2The test are

performed on a sample of blood, hair, saliva or other tissue.

Process 3The sample is sent to a laboratory where our

scientists use a technology called Polymerase Chain

Reaction to create a lot of copies of the specific

portions of the DNA.

Process 4Also, to look for specific

changes in chromosomes, DNA or proteins

depending on the suspected disorder.

How is the procedure performed

Process 5The Polymerase Chain Reaction uses precise heat and a chemical cocktail to cause the

DNA to replicate itself.

Process 6Once the scientist

have enough replicated DNA, they run the samples on a

ABIPRISM 313OXL Genetic Analyzers,

and determines your DNA information.

Process 7The scientist reports

the test results in writing to the

patient’s doctor or genetic counselor.

In addition, before a person has a DNA test, it is

important that he or she understands the testing procedure, the benefits

and limitations of the test, and the possible

consequences of the test results.

• The DNA screening can provide

information about diagnosis

treatment, managing, or

prevention of a disease that will

be helpful.

• Individuals to obtain knowledge

of his/her own genetic disease

or susceptibility which

preventive interventions can be

anticipated.

• The satisfactory of human needs to other health services will become a matter of justice.

How does it improve the well-being of our society

• Help alleviate the process and

time of deduction to

determine the perpetrator of

an illegal action by examining

genetical evidences from the

scene.

• Also helps minimize the risk of

false accusations and

deformation of innocent

individuals on atrocity.

Canadian data on the use of DNA Screening

Province Total Percent

Alberta 32,380 10.65%

British Columbia 36,333 11.95%

Manitoba 18,186 5.98%

New Brunswick 3,842 1.26%

Newfoundland and Labrador

4,446 1.46%

Nova Scotia 7,995 2.63%

Northwest Territories 1,757 0.58%

Nunavut 1,569 0.52%

Ontario 134,114 44.10%

Prince Edward Island 738 0.24%

Quebec 49,297 16.21%

Saskatchewan 12,968 4.26%

Yukon 495 0.16%

Total 304,120

100.00%

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