nd israel multinational missile...

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AUTOMOTIVE INFOCOM TRANSPORT, ENVIRONMENT & POWER ENGINEERING

AERONAUTICS SPACE DEFENCE &SECURITY

2nd Israel Multinational Missile Defence ConferenceSession 2: Interoperability and International Cooperation

“Industrial Aspects of NATO-Europe Territorial Missile Defence“- an European View –

Bernd Kreienbaum, Executive Advisor, IABG - Defence & Security

25. July 2011 Tel [email protected]

IABG is a leading European Technology Companyin Simulation and Testing

IABG: independent – medium-sized – owner-managedTurnover 2010: approx. € 200 Million - Employess: approx. 1.050

Automotive

Employees:appox. 120

Development & Operation ofMechatronic Test-Systems for OEM & Suppliers

Defence & Security

Employees :appox. 370

Operation of Military Simulations and Test Systems for Analysis & Concepts

Aeronautics


Service StrengthTests for cells andmodules

Transport & Environment

Power Engineering


Environmental services, alternative Energy Sources, andElectro-mobility

InfoCom


Development & Operation of secureInformation andCommunication Systems

Space


Operation of the ESA coodinated Space Test Centres in Ottobrunn & Noordwijk

87,4 % SCHWARZ Holding GmbH

12,6% IABG Mitarbeiterbeteiligungs AG

(Employees Shares)

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Independent and Owner-managed

mailto:[email protected]

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n BMD an “essential military mission” for NATO ( Lisbon Summit)

n Capability Goal or “formal program” ?

n CNAD tasking for a “High Level Advice on BMD Industrial Dimensions”

n NIAG Study Group 151

n The Unique Interoperability Aspects of BMD

n Key Recommendations on Technology Options and Cooperation Opportunities

n A German View on national/European contribution options

n Assumed European BMD Focus and BMD Roadmap view

n Final remarks

(The briefers personal view)

AUTOMOTIVE INFOCOM TRANSPORT & ENVIRONMENT

AERONAUTICS SPACE DEFENCE &SECURITY

• develop the capability to defend our populations and territories

against ballistic missile attack as a core element of our collective

defence, which contributes to the indivisible security of the Alliance.

We will actively seek cooperation on missile defence with Russia and

other Euro-Atlantic partners;

The New Strategic Concept on Missile DefenceLisbon Summit 19 Nov. 2010

*Issued by the Heads of State and Government participating in the meeting of the North Atlantic Council in Lisbon

19.- We will ensure that NATO has the full range of capabilities necessary to deter and defend against any threat to the safety and security of our populations. Therefore we will:

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36.-The threat to NATO European populations, territory and forces posed by

the proliferation of ballistic missiles is increasing. As missile defence forms

part of a broader response to counter this threat, we have decided that the

Alliance will develop a missile defence capability to pursue its core task of

collective defence. The aim of a NATO missile defence capability is to provide

full coverage and protection for all NATO European populations, territory and

forces against the increasing threats posed by the proliferation of ballistic

missiles, based on the principles of the indivisibility of Allied security and

NATO solidarity, equitable sharing of risks and burdens, as well as reasonable

challenge, taking into account the level of threat, affordability and technical

feasibility, and in accordance with the latest common threat assessments

agreed by the Alliance.


Lisbon Summit Declaration* on Missile Defence20 Nov. 2010

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37.- To this end, we have decided that the scope of NATO’s current Active

Layered Theatre Ballistic Missile Defence (ALTBMD) programme’s command,

control and communications capabilities will be expanded beyond the

protection of NATO deployed forces to also protect NATO European

populations, territory and forces. In this context, the United States European

Phased Adaptive Approach is welcomed as a valuable national contribution to

the NATO missile defence architecture, as are other possible voluntary

contributions by Allies. We have tasked the Council to develop missile defence

consultation, command and control arrangements by the time of the March

2011 meeting of our Defence Ministers. We have also tasked the Council to

draft an action plan addressing steps to implement the missile defence

capability by the time of the June 2011 Defence Ministers’ meeting.



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38.- We will continue to explore opportunities for missile defence co-

operation with Russia in a spirit of reciprocity, maximum transparency and

mutual confidence. We reaffirm the Alliance’s readiness to invite Russia to

explore jointly the potential for linking current and planned missile defence

systems at an appropriate time in mutually beneficial ways. NATO missile

defence efforts and the United States European Phased Adaptive Approach

provide enhanced possibilities to do this. We are also prepared to engage with

other relevant states, on a case by case basis, to enhance transparency and

confidence and to increase missile defence mission effectiveness.



“BMD from a Policy Debate to a NATO Mission”

SSA: Space Situation AwarenessCMD: Cruise Missile DefenceC-RAM: Counter Rocket Artillery MotarGBAD: Groundbased Air Defence

TMDEurope

BMD„new

Mission“

GBADAirborneAD

C-RAMCMD

Air-Policing

IAMD

TMD

GBADAirborneAD

C-RAMCMD

Air-Policing

NATINAD

TerritorialMD*

*a policydebate

Lisbon

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NATO HQ Interpretation: Capability Goal to be developed

“..the Alliance will develop a MD capability to pursue its core task of collective defence”.“The aim of a NATO MD capability is to provide full coverage and protection for allEuropean populations, territory and forces against the increasing threat…”,”…we havedecided that the scope of NATO’s current ALTBMD Programme’ C3 capabilities will beexpanded beyond the protection of NATO deployed forces…” The US PAA is welcomed asa valuable contribution…” “..develop a MD consultation and C2 arrangements by March2011…” “…action plan addressing steps to implement the MD capability by June 2011Defence Ministerial meeting..”

Congressional Research Service Interpretation 28Dec10: a formal program

The Lisbon Summit agreement is significant in that NATO officials identified territorialmissile defense as a core alliance objective and adopted a formal NATO program inresponse. The agreement further outlined the development of territorial missile defensethrough an expansion of NATO’s ALTBMD program and its integration with the U.S.Phased Adaptive Approach. As a first step, alliance leaders tasked NATO staff “withdeveloping missile defence consultation, and command and control arrangements” forNATO’s March 2011 Defense Ministerial. The next step will be to draft an implementationplan for missile defense for the June 2011 Defense Ministers meeting.

NATO BMD after LisbonDifferent Interpretation

NATO INDUSTRIAL ADVISORY GROUPCNAD tasking in preparation of the Lisbon Summit

High Level Advise Study“The Industrial Dimension of NATO Territorial Missile Defence”

Final Report to CNADon

Mar 2011by the

Co-Chairmen

Bernd Kreienbaum

Robert Dehnert

NIAG SG.151

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„NIAG SG.151 Teams“Formed by 31 participating Industries

Team 1 Team 2 Team 3 Team 4Capabilities

(31)

Business ModelsCollaboration Policy

(17)

InteroperabilityIssues & Opportunities

(16)

IPR SharingTADIC Barriers

(7)Aselsan (TUR)Astrium (DEU, FRA)BAE Systems (GBR)Boeing (USA)Cassidian (DEU, FRA)DCNS (FRA)Diehl (DEU)Fokker (NLD)IABG (DEU)Kongsberg (NOR)Lockheed Martin (USA)MBDA (DEU, FRA, GBR, ITA)MKE (TUR)NGC (USA)PIT (POL)Raytheon (USA)Rheinmetall (DEU)Roketsan (TUR)SAIC (USA)SAFRAN-SAGEM (FRA)SAFRAN-SNECMA (FRA)SELEX-Comms (ITA)SELEX-SI (ITA)SENER (ESP)Terma (DNK)Thales (FRA)

Astrium (FRA)BAE Systems (GBR)DCNS (FRA)Diehl (DEU)IABG (DEU)Indra (ESP)Fokker (NLD)Lockheed Martin (USA)MBDA (FRA, GBR)MKE (TUR)Navantia (ESP)PIT (POL)Raytheon (USA)Roketsan (TUR)Safran – Sagem (FRA)TRS (FRA)

Aselsan (TUR)Boeing (USA)Cassidian (DEU)DCNS (FRA)ITWL (POL)Kongsberg (NOR)Lockheed Martin (USA)NGC (USA)MBDA (DEU, GBR)NGC (USA)Raytheon (USA)Selex Sistemi Integrati (ITA)Terma (DNK)Thales (NLD)TRS (FRA)

Astrium (DEU)Boeing (USA)Lockheed Martin (USA)MBDA (DEU, GBR)Raytheon (USA)TRS (FRA)

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Relative Time to Target

Cruise Missile

Aircraft

Ballistic Missile

EngageAuthorizeAssessDetect

The unique (Interoperability) Aspects of BMD in IAMD

+ WMD+ Velocity+ Range+ RCS

Driving Force for• dedicated ISR (EW and Tracking)• regional & global surveillance• “real” Real-time BMC³I & NEC• dedicated endo & exo atmospheric interceptors

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Executive Summary Main Recommendations (1)

General Smart Defence !

§ Territorial MD will be based on multinational formations. Pooling of resources and Role-specialisation are ways to improve the efficiency and use of funding.

§ Active Territorial MD will complement other related capabilities and activities such as deterrence, non-proliferation regimes and arms control policies including technology and export control.

§ The necessary political/military consultations involving NATO-, Non-NATO-, European and Non-European Nations including the Russian Federation will require a new dimension of consultation and coordination far beyond that for ALTBMD capabilities, which was focused on the protection of deployed forces.

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§ NATO industry (in Europe and North America) can bring to bear a significant range of capabilities and technologies that can be applied for BMD in general, either already existing and/or under development.

§ However, it cannot be denied that there is a discrepancy between U.S. and European Missile Defence capabilities, resulting in a major hurdle for burden sharing. It is hoped that NATO Territorial Missile Defence can serve as an instrument to bring these capabilities more into balance.

§ European Union- and Russian Federation-owned and operated capabilities may play a role at a later stage.

§ Multinational funding of an interceptor pool for example (SM-3, Exoguard, Aster Block 2), would allow the cost efficient provisions for shared operations of European land- and sea-based upper-layer.

Industry capabilities and cooperation opportunities


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5 years 10 years

BI-SC AISACCS & NGCSExtension

Core CapabilityInterceptor

NATO

SensorsNATO

NationalSystems*(Example)

BMC³INATO

Early Intercept MissileTransAtlantic Develop.NGAM/ Exoguard

SAMP-TBlock 1

THAAD

PatriotPAC 2+PAC 3

AMDF **SMART-L ELRSM-3 IB

MEADS

AegisSPY-1SM-3 IA

Airborne IRAGS Add-on

TPY-2

AsterBlock 2

NATOSM-3 Pool

OA- BMC³IIBCS Europe Interface

IBCS

ABIRUS & Europe

NATO MD War-gaming & Consultation Support Centre NATO HQ

* may include EU assets; **Air & Missile Defence Frigates;

EW-Sat

SM-3 IBlandbased

SM-3 IIASea-& landbased

EuropeanEW-Sat

MD Test Bedbuilt on ALTBMD-ITB

NATO & EU IAMDSSA Sensors

NATOPool

Early Intercept Missile

Upper Layer

Lower LayerIAMDSystem

DEWR

AegisSPY-1SM-2

SCCOAC2BMC

Figure 1: Notional Evolutionary Approach & Cooperation Opportunities

????

§ National contributions will be important; in addition to these, (transatlantic) cooperative development opportunities have been identified, for example:

o Enhancing transportability/mobility of land-based SM-3 / Aegis Ashore. o Ensuring ability of U.S. interceptors to be interoperable with European platforms and vice

versa, e.g. SM-3 dual frequency data link modification so they can be used on European frigates.

o Open architecture BMC³I interfacing with IBCS and BMDS C²BMC. o NATO BMC³I Extension, bearing on the continuity of ALTBMD Capabilities and taking into

account the expected Military Requirements for Territorial MD. o MEADS as a lower tier capability and an example of multi-national cooperation to develop

an open architecture system that can integrate with other similar systems.o MD Test Bed development taking into account existing ALTBMD capabilities. o Development of a war gaming/exercise and training capability supporting all MD-aspects

from political consultations, performance assessment, architecture and CONOPS adaptation and education & training.

o Early warning and tracking sensors like ABIR as possible add-on to AGS; or Space-based early warning.

o High energetic, early intercept missile and the supporting infrastructure to defeat longer range threats including ICBMs (see also PAA Phase 4).


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Collective self-defence as laid down in Article 5 of the Treaty remains themain purpose of the Alliance

At the same time, the Alliance emphasizes its commitment to disarmamentand arms control. It maintains and develops a coordinated spectrum ofconventional and nuclear capabilities, including missile defence, that istailored to the existing risks and threats.

German Defence Policy Guidelines*- German Minister of Defence – Berlin 18 Mai 2011

− Safeguarding National Interests− Assuming International Responsibility− Shaping Policy together

* DPG describes the strategic Framework for the binding mandate and assignments of the Bundeswehr

DPG Motto

German/European Contribution Optionsfor European IAMD (ff)

Excerpt:NATO INDUSTRIAL ADVISORY GROUP, NIAG Subgroup 151,High Level Advice Study on“The Industrial Dimension of NATO Territorial Missile Defence”, 2010

EuropeanEW Satellite System

Source: AMD AG Präsentation

PBOT

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European BMDVery short term Contribution Option (1)

• Space Situation Awareness

• Orbital Target Tracking

• Ballistic Target Tracking

• Target Discrimination

Classification

Identification

• Precision COI Monitoring

ISR/SSA

High Power Radar “TIRA”

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European BMDShort/Mid term Contribution Option (2)

• Highly mobile, flexible Sensors

• Long Range multiple Target

• Surveillance

• Acquisition

• Precision Tracking

Coherent Operation of MFCR’sor

Larger Dish Radar Assemblyby available T/R Technology

3 MFCR je in DEU und TR3 MFCR je in DEU und TREuropean X BandMEADS

Technology

EW & Tracking

European X-Band Sensor

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Early Warning ElementsEarly Warning ElementsEndo &Endo & ExoExo--Atmospheric Discrimination RequirementsAtmospheric Discrimination Requirements

Airborne PBIRS System requirements deriving from ALTBMD NSR for IR surveillance, detection, tracking, range-typing and discrimination

+ HALE UAV or Aerostat+ Altitude > 18,000 m+ Surveillance, Tracking

Discrimination+ Cued or uncued

+ Two platforms for triangulation+ Tracking at or above local

horizon+ Tracking on boost or post-boost+ Midcourse tracking and

discrimination+ COI Assessment+ multi-colour discrimination

European BMDMid term Contribution Option (3)NEW ISR Element

Post Burn Out IR Sensor (PBIRS) on Airborne Platform

European BMDMid Term Contribution Option (4)

Seabased Early Warningby Radar-Upgrade

for TMD & BMD Support

SMART-L/S-1850 M Extended Range Radar

TMD BMD

German F 124 Frigate

EuropeanCooperation

Standard Sensor on ≈ 20 ships of

6 European Navy’s

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Early Warning & Space TrackingSatellite Systems

Missile detection pre- and post burn outMidcourse trackingCueing of EffektorsSpacemonitoring in real time of all relevant Battlespace

European BMDMid/long term Contribution Option (5)BMD

Source OHB: LEO Concept Athene or PTSS or others

TMD

EuropeanCooperation

European BMDLong term Contribution Option (6)BMD

European Upper Layer Interceptor

Notional Coverage

Coverage

Coverage

EuropeanCooperation

TransatlanticCooperation?

+ Interceptor Know-How available

+ Ambition and Budget

+ Question of European Sovereignty

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European Missile Defence Focus

Assumed Priorities• Early Warning (European)• BMC3I (NATO = US + European)• Weapon Systems(transatlantic or European)

Contribution focus• Early Warning

• Airborne IR-Sensor (HALE)• Satellite IR-Sensor & European Small Satellite EW System• Long Range High Resolution RADAR (existing and new)• OTH radar enhancement

• Weapon Systems• Endo & exo atmospheric interceptors (Exoguard)• Propulsion, warhead• Upper Layer (cooperative transatlantic) developments

Role of Russia ??

European Space Situation AwarenessElement of EU Space Policy

Source Astrium

+ Civil and military assets available(e.g. TIRA & GRAVES Radars)

+ national & multinational activities+ European Research Cooperations+ ESA SSA Preparatory Programme+ Harmonized Requirements for future

systems (European Defence Agency)+ European SSA Centre ? ~ EUSCSpace Picture

- collision warning- object catalogue- overhead warning- Missile Warning &Tracking

Potential for IAMD Contribution

Source: IABG

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2010 2012 2014 2016 2018 2020 2022 2024 2026 2028 2030

US

PAA

NAT

O E

UR

OPE

EUAL

TBM

D

NAT

O

NR

CR

US

European BMD Roadmap View(notional)

Phase 1 Phase 2 Phase 3 Phase 4

InCa LLIOC FOC

ULIOC FOC

DEU-FRA etc

European Parliament - European Space Policy

Space Situation Awareness; Space Intel

EU/EDA Air & Missile Defence Programms; Air & MD Command

Info Exchange Centre

Radars Interoperability Centre

Step A Step B Step C Step D

C² only

BM

D

Final Remarks (1)

• BMD as an “essential military mission” (Lisbon Summit) will push NATO’s battle

space in the range and time domain and further into space

• BMD will push technology edges across the board of the aerospace domain with

particular impact on ISR sensors incl. radars, space & high altitude platforms,

“real time” BMC³I and missile developments (Upper and Lower Layer)

• BMD has the potential to become one of the very few new armaments growth areas

for NATO and the European Defence Community

• NATO Secretary General calls MD his personal focus and MD being the “game changer”

for NATO-RUS cooperation

• Also US-PAA will be the “Lion Share” of NATO BMD in this decade, European

and EU contributions will be essential to provide indivisible security for Europe

• A European BMD architecture must consider European elements & Russian aspects

even if the lay-out assumes independent NATO & Russian systems, because they

must be highly interoperable

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• European Industries are getting ready to play a role in BMD based on available

technologies and future orientated developments, they are open minded for

multinational and transatlantic cooperation efforts including Russian industries

• Industry regards multinational formations and pooling of assets as a way

to build capabilities effectively and efficiently and as driver for cooperation‘s

• However the discrepancy between political NATO declarations and reality is

disappointing. The “smart Defence” process based on pooling and sharing has

started with dramatic set-backs and delays in NATO programms as MEADS, AGS,TMD

and others.

• Lack of ambitions and decreasing coherency as well as the program management

record by NATO is supporting the use of European armaments schemes (EDA/OCCAR)

• On the long run, the European Defence Initiatives will make the difference.

Final Remarks (2)

Questions?

Thinking the Future

Mastering the Present

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