National Academies Review of the NIOSH

Hearing Loss Research Program

National Academies Review of the NIOSH

Hearing Loss Research Program

Lewis V. Wade, Ph.D.Senior Science Advisor

National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health

January 5, 2006

Lewis V. Wade, Ph.D.Senior Science Advisor

National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health

January 5, 2006

Presentation ObjectivesPresentation Objectives

NIOSH goals for this review

Overview of NIOSH and it’s research

programs

Questions and Discussion

NIOSH goals for this review

Overview of NIOSH and it’s research

programs

Questions and Discussion

Review of NIOSH Research Programs

Review of NIOSH Research Programs

Conduct a series of studies to review NIOSH

research activities with respect to:

Impact of completed research in the

workplace

Relevance of research conducted

Significant emerging issues

Conduct a series of studies to review NIOSH

research activities with respect to:

Impact of completed research in the

workplace

Relevance of research conducted

Significant emerging issues

Why has NIOSH undertaken this review?

Why has NIOSH undertaken this review?

Quantitative ResultsQuantitative Results

“The committee will rate the performance of each program activity on a scale of 1 – 5 for the impact of the program in the workplace and for the success of the program in achieving its goals. For cases where the impact is difficult to measure, the committee may evaluate performance by using existing intermediate outcomes to estimate impact.”

“The committee will rate the performance of each program activity on a scale of 1 – 5 for the impact of the program in the workplace and for the success of the program in achieving its goals. For cases where the impact is difficult to measure, the committee may evaluate performance by using existing intermediate outcomes to estimate impact.”

Performance MeasurementPerformance Measurement

GPRA: Government Performance and Results Act of 1993, PL 103-62

Strategic and performance plans

Performance reports

PART: Program Assessment Rating Tool,President’s Management Council, 2002

Systematic method of assessing performance of program activities

GPRA: Government Performance and Results Act of 1993, PL 103-62

Strategic and performance plans

Performance reports

PART: Program Assessment Rating Tool,President’s Management Council, 2002

Systematic method of assessing performance of program activities

Overview of NIOSH Research ProgramsOverview of NIOSH Research Programs

U.S. Occupational Illness and Injuries

U.S. Occupational Illness and InjuriesWork-related fatalities per day

16 from injuries (5524 in 2002)137 from diseases

4.4 million non-fatal illnesses and injuries

(2003)

$49.6 billion -- direct costs for

occupational injuries (2002)*

Work-related fatalities per day16 from injuries (5524 in 2002)137 from diseases

4.4 million non-fatal illnesses and injuries

(2003)

$49.6 billion -- direct costs for

occupational injuries (2002)*Liberty Mutual Safety Index, 2004 *

OSH Act of 1970OSH Act of 1970

PL 91-596 (1970) created OSHA and NIOSH

To assure safe and healthful working conditions for working men and women

PL 91-596 (1970) created OSHA and NIOSH

To assure safe and healthful working conditions for working men and women

Mine Safetyand Health

Administration(MSHA)

Department ofHealth and Human Services

(HHS)

Department of Labor(DOL)

Occupational Safety and Health

OccupationalSafety and Health

Administration(OSHA)

Research and Prevention Recommendations

Centers for DiseaseControl and Prevention

(CDC)

National Institute forOccupational Safetyand Health (NIOSH)

Regulation/Enforcement

National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health

National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health

The sole federal government organization charged with conducting occupational safety and health research.

The sole federal government organization charged with conducting occupational safety and health research.

NIOSH VisionNIOSH Vision

Delivering on the nation’s promise –

safety and health at work for all people

through research and prevention

Delivering on the nation’s promise –

safety and health at work for all people

through research and prevention

NIOSH ValuesNIOSH Values

Relevance

Diversity

Quality

Partnership

Access

Performance

Accountability

Relevance

Diversity

Quality

Partnership

Access

Performance

Accountability

NIOSH Strategic GoalsNIOSH Strategic Goals

Conduct research to reduce work-related illnesses and injuries.

Promote safe and healthy workplaces through interventions, recommendations and capacity building.

Enhance global workplace safety and health through international collaborations

Conduct research to reduce work-related illnesses and injuries.

Promote safe and healthy workplaces through interventions, recommendations and capacity building.

Enhance global workplace safety and health through international collaborations

NIOSH Research AgendaNIOSH Research Agenda

Before 1996:

National symposia on the leading causes of occupationally-related illness and injury

Ten strategies

After 1996:

National Occupational Research Agenda (NORA)

Before 1996:

National symposia on the leading causes of occupationally-related illness and injury

Ten strategies

After 1996:

National Occupational Research Agenda (NORA)

National Occupational Research Agenda (1996)

A national partnership effort

500 organizations and individuals outside NIOSH

21 research priorities to guide OSH research in the nation for the next decade

NORA (1996) Ongoing Effectiveness Evaluation

Pre-award competitive external scientific review

Mid-course external review of program

Annual internal assessment of progress and success

NORA at nine review

Develop sector specific research agendas to bring research to practice in the workplace

Accept stakeholder input (www.cdc.gov/niosh/nora)

Kick-off at the 2006 NORA Symposium on April 17-20, 2006

Agriculture, forestry, and fishing

Construction

Health care and social assistance

Manufacturing

Mining

Agriculture, forestry, and fishing

Construction

Health care and social assistance

Manufacturing

Mining

Services

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities

Wholesale and retail trade

Cross-sector issues

Services

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities

Wholesale and retail trade

Cross-sector issues

Research Councils:

Board of Scientific CounselorsBoard of Scientific Counselors

The Board of Scientific Counselors shall provide guidance to the Director, NIOSH, on research and preventions programs. Specifically, the Board shall provide guidance on the Institute's research activities related to developing and evaluating hypotheses, systematically documenting findings and disseminating results. The Board shall evaluate the degree to which the activities of NIOSH: (1) Conform to appropriate scientific standards, (2) address current, relevant needs, and (3) produce intended results.

The Board of Scientific Counselors shall provide guidance to the Director, NIOSH, on research and preventions programs. Specifically, the Board shall provide guidance on the Institute's research activities related to developing and evaluating hypotheses, systematically documenting findings and disseminating results. The Board shall evaluate the degree to which the activities of NIOSH: (1) Conform to appropriate scientific standards, (2) address current, relevant needs, and (3) produce intended results.

NIOSH Operational Logic ModelNIOSH Operational Logic ModelMission: To Provide National and World Leadership to Prevent Work-related Illnesses and Injuries

Research Partners

External Factors :Economic and social

conditions and regulatory environment

Improvements in safety and

health in workplaces

Research * :Surveillance ,

epidemiological and behavioral studies ,

intervention studies ,laboratory and field

studies ,exposure

measurements and risk assessment ,

control studies and development ,

PPE studies and development

*Intramural and extramural , including

domestic and international efforts ,

such as work conducted at ERCs ,

ARCs and WHO Global Network of

Collaborating Centers

OSHA , MSHA , other federal

agencies ; NIOSH

programs ; Congress ; State

& local agencies ; standards

bodies ; labor , trade and

professional associations ; technology

developers and manufacturers ;

other researchers ; SH

practitioners

Employees , employers ,

industry , educators , regulators

who reduce or prevent

hazardous exposures or

conditions

ActivitiesIntermediate and Final Activities

Intermediate Activities Outputs Final Activities(transformation ) ( implementation )

EndOutcomes

Transfer

Transfer : - translation of research into

practice , products and technologies ;

- information dissemination ;

- capacity building through technical

assistance (HHE’s ), training and education

Conduct Surveillance and evaluate intervention effectiveness

- Recommendations , reports , publications ,

workshops , databases , conferences ;

-training and education materials and

demonstration programs , trained professionals ;

- tools and methods , best practices , developmental

technologies , licenses , patents

Outputs

Pilot and /or market ready technologies , training and education programs , guidance ,

regulations , standards , trade and

major media releases ; websites

Feedback

Inputs

Production

Inputs

Planning

Inputs

NIOSH Operational Logic ModelNIOSH Operational Logic Model

Inputs Activities OutputsIntermediate and Final Activities

Intermediate Activities Outputs Final Activities(transformation) (implementation)

EndOutcomes

Transfer

NIOSH Operational Logic ModelNIOSH Operational Logic Model

Inputs Activities OutputsIntermediate and Final Activities

Intermediate Activities Outputs Final Activities(transformation) (Implementation)

EndOutcomes

Transfer

NIOSH Budget: 2000 – 2006 (proposed)

NIOSH Budget: 2000 – 2006 (proposed)

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

2000 20042002 2006

$ Millions

226

276 273 277 286 286260

NIOSH Locations and StaffNIOSH Locations and Staff

~1300 FTEs in:

Cincinnati

Morgantown

Pittsburgh

Spokane

Atlanta

Washington

NIOSH Staff Census by Occupation

(Selected Research Categories)

NIOSH Staff Census by Occupation

(Selected Research Categories) 241

154

6836 30 21 19 4

0

50

100

150

200

250

300 n = 573Total NIOSH FTEs =

1300

Divisions, Labs, and Offices Division of Respiratory

Disease Studies Division of Safety

Research Health Effects Laboratory

Division Spokane Research

Laboratory Pittsburgh Research

Laboratory National Personal

Protective Technology Laboratory

Education and Information Division

Division of Applied Research and Technology

Division of Surveillance Hazard Evaluation and Field Studies

Office of Compensation Analysis and Support

Extramural Programs

31%

22%

25%

22%

Grants

Coops

Training

Surveillance

Total: ~$100M

Inputs Activities OutputsIntermediate and Final Activities

Intermediate Activities Outputs Final Activities(transformation) (Implementation)

EndOutcomes

Transfer

Research Program Portfolio(includes all NIOSH research

projects)

Research Program Portfolio(includes all NIOSH research

projects) Sector programs

Cross-sector programs

Tools and emphasis areas

Sector programs

Cross-sector programs

Tools and emphasis areas

Sector Programs (8)Sector Programs (8)

Agricultural, forestry & fishing Construction Healthcare & social assistance Manufacturing Mining Public and private services Trade Transportation, warehousing &

utilities

Agricultural, forestry & fishing Construction Healthcare & social assistance Manufacturing Mining Public and private services Trade Transportation, warehousing &

utilities

Cross-Sector Programs (15)Cross-Sector Programs (15) Authoritative recommendations

development Cancer, reproductive,

cardiovascular, neurologic & renal diseases

Communications & information dissemination

Emergency preparedness/response Global collaborations Health hazard evaluation Hearing loss prevention

Authoritative recommendations development

Cancer, reproductive, cardiovascular, neurologic & renal diseases

Communications & information dissemination

Emergency preparedness/response Global collaborations Health hazard evaluation Hearing loss prevention

Cross-Sector Programs (15) (continued)

Cross-Sector Programs (15) (continued)

Immune, dermal & infectious diseases

Musculoskeletal disorders

Personal protective technology

Radiation dose reconstruction

Respiratory diseases

Training grants

Traumatic injury

Work organization & stress-related disorders

Immune, dermal & infectious diseases

Musculoskeletal disorders

Personal protective technology

Radiation dose reconstruction

Respiratory diseases

Training grants

Traumatic injury

Work organization & stress-related disorders

Tools and Emphasis Programs (7)Tools and Emphasis Programs (7)

Economics

Exposure assessment

Engineering controls

WorkLife initiative

Occupational health disparities

Small business assistance and outreach

Surveillance

Economics

Exposure assessment

Engineering controls

WorkLife initiative

Occupational health disparities

Small business assistance and outreach

Surveillance

NIOSH Research-to-Practice Program

NIOSH Research-to-Practice Program

Conceiving, Planning, Conducting, Evaluating, and Translating Research with our Partners…and with Impact in Mind

Conceiving, Planning, Conducting, Evaluating, and Translating Research with our Partners…and with Impact in Mind

Inputs Activities OutputsIntermediate and Final Activities

Intermediate Activities Outputs Final Activities(transformation) (Implementation)

EndOutcomes

Transfer

Research Outputs

Peer-reviewed publications

NIOSH publications

Communications to regulatory agencies or Congress

Inputs Activities OutputsIntermediate and Final Activities

Intermediate Activities Outputs Final Activities(transformation) (Implementation)

EndOutcomes

Transfer

Transfer of Outputs to Customers

Translation of research into practice, products and technologies

Information dissemination: Web site Technical information inquiry services

Transfer of Outputs to Customers

Capacity building through

technical assistance Health hazard evaluation program

Fatality investigation programs

Firefighters

Other targeted groups

training and education Educational Research Centers Training project grants

Many Partners(for example)

American Society of Safety Engineers

Center to Protect Workers’ Rights

American Industrial Hygiene Association

American College of Occupational and Environmental Medicine

World Health Organization

Pan American Health Organization

Inputs Activities OutputsIntermediate and Final Activities

Intermediate Activities Outputs Final Customers(transformation) (Implementation)

EndOutcomes

Transfer

The final outcome we all seek is improved workplace

health and safety

The final outcome we all seek is improved workplace

health and safety

Quantitative ResultsQuantitative Results

“The committee will rate the performance of each program activity on a scale of 1 – 5 for the impact of the program in the workplace and for the success of the program in achieving its goals. For cases where the impact is difficult to measure, the committee may evaluate performance by using existing intermediate outcomes to estimate impact.”

“The committee will rate the performance of each program activity on a scale of 1 – 5 for the impact of the program in the workplace and for the success of the program in achieving its goals. For cases where the impact is difficult to measure, the committee may evaluate performance by using existing intermediate outcomes to estimate impact.”

Outputs of customers that we define as intermediate

outcomes Regulations

Guidance

Standards

Training and education programs

Pilot technologies

NIOSH thoughts on NA review process

Programs, not projects

Importance of quantitative as well as qualitative assessment

Bottom line effectiveness, not just a review of processes

NIOSH thoughts on the Framework

NIOSH thoughts on the Framework

Comfortable with the Framework

No Framework can cover the breadth of NIOSH programs; EC may face some challenges

We understand that arriving at a simple number rating is a difficult task, we also understand that some will place great importance in that number, we appreciate your efforts

Keep in mind that NIOSH’s ultimate goals is to do “better” work, therefore your advice is welcome

Comfortable with the Framework

No Framework can cover the breadth of NIOSH programs; EC may face some challenges

We understand that arriving at a simple number rating is a difficult task, we also understand that some will place great importance in that number, we appreciate your efforts

Keep in mind that NIOSH’s ultimate goals is to do “better” work, therefore your advice is welcome