NASA

Earth at Night

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*The browse menu in ArcGIS is different than most programs. Rather than having full access to all areas of your workstations harddrive you must link to a specific folder. This folder connec-tion must be set up the first time you start using a new folder.

Like InDesign or other data intensive programs ArcMap does not actually import every piece of data you add to the file. Instead ArcMap links to that data and recalls it as needed. This means you must keep all your files and data sources organized, especially if you are not working on your own laptop.

File Setup & ProjectionsSet the Map Projection

1. Go to the Start > ArcGIS > ArcMap 10.5

2. On the left click on New Maps, then under ‘My Templates’ click on Blank Map.

3. On the left side of the screen, in the ‘Table of Contents’ window, right click on Layers, go down to the bottom of the pop up window, and click ‘Properties.’

4. Click on the Coordinate System Tab.

5. Expand the Projected Coordinate System folder.

6. Scroll down to World, expand that folder and click on Mercator (World).

7. Click OK at the bottom of the Data Frame Properites Box.

Import a Shape File

1. Go back to the ‘Layers’ icon in the ‘Table of Contents’ and right click.

2. Click on ‘Add Data’ at the top of the dropdown menu.

3. At the top of the ‘Add Data’ window go to the icon fourth from the right that looks like a folder with a + sign in front of it. When you mouse over the icon it should say ‘Connect to Folder.’ Click the icon.*

4. Navigate to the GIS_Data folder you downloaded from Box. Click Connect.

5. While still in the ‘Add Data’ window go to the World Boundaries folder and click on ‘TM_WORLD_BORDERS-0.3.shp’ Click Add. You should see an outline of each world country in the Mercator projection.

Set up Layout View

1. Go to View > Layout View. The screen should change to look as if you are seeing the world borders file on a piece of paper.

2. Go to File > Page and Print Setup.

3. Under Map Page Size uncheck the box that says ‘Use Printer Paper Settings’

4. Under ‘Standard Sizes’ select ‘Tabloid.’

5. Select ‘Landscape’ orientation. Click OK at the bottom of Page and Print Setup.

6. The size of the paper should change. Using the teal control points drag the sides of the box to be the same size as the 11x17 piece of paper.

7. In the tool bar manually change the map scale to 1:10,000,000.

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WHAT IS A COORDINATE SYSTEM?Coordinate systems enable geographic datasets to use common locations for integration. A

coordinate system is a reference system used to represent the locations of geographic features, imagery, and observations, such as Global Positioning System (GPS) locations, within a com-mon geographic framework.

EACH COORDINATE SYSTEM IS DEFINED BY THE FOLLOWING:Its measurement framework, which is either geographic (in which spherical coordinates are

measured from the earth’s center) or planimetric (in which the earth’s coordinates are projected onto a two-dimensional planar surface)

Units of measurement (typically feet or meters for projected coordinate systems or decimal degrees for latitude-longitude)

The definition of the map projection for projected coordinate systemsOther measurement system properties such as a spheroid of reference, a datum, one or

more standard parallels, a central meridian, and possible shifts in the x- and y-directions. Sev-eral hundred geographic coordinate systems and a few thousand projected coordinate systems are available for use. In addition, you can define a custom coordinate system.

TYPES OF COORDINATE SYSTEMSThe following are two common types of coordinate systems used in a geographic informa-

tion system (GIS):• A global or spherical coordinate system such as latitude-longitude. These are often re-

ferred to as geographic coordinate systems.• A projected coordinate system such as universal transverse Mercator (UTM), Albers Equal

Area, or Robinson, all of which (along with numerous other map projection models) provide various mechanisms to project maps of the earth’s spherical surface onto a two-dimen-sional Cartesian coordinate plane. Projected coordinate systems are referred to as map projections.

COORDINATE SYSTEMS (BOTH GEOGRAPHIC AND PROJECTED) PROVIDE A FRAME-

WORK FOR DEFINING REAL-WORLD LOCATIONS. WHAT IS A SPATIAL REFERENCE?A spatial reference is a series of parameters that define the coordinate system and other

spatial properties for each dataset in the geodatabase. It is typical that all datasets for the same area (and in the same geodatabase) use a common spatial reference definition.

A SPATIAL REFERENCE INCLUDES THE FOLLOWING:

• The coordinate system• The coordinate precision with which coordinates are stored (often referred to as the coor-

dinate resolution)• Processing tolerances (such as the cluster tolerance)• The spatial extent covered by the dataset (often referred to as the spatial domain)

source: ( http://resources.esri.com/help/9.3/arcgisengine/dotnet/89b720a5-7339-44b0-8b58-0f5bf2843393.htm )

8. Use the pan tool, which is in the toolbar and looks like a white glove, to move the map within the frame on your paper. Choose one area of the world on which you would like to focus and move that part of the map into the frame.

9. Go to Bookmarks > Create Bookmark and type MAP_1 in the pop-up window.

10. Get the pan tool and move your map to another location.

11. Go back to Bookmarks > MAP_1. Your map should return to it’s previous location.

Export Map

1. Go to File > Export Map.

2. Navigate to the ‘Last-First_Workshop-Maps’ folder you made on the desktop.

3. Name the file ‘MAP-1_PRJ-1.pdf’

4. Select PDF as the format. Click Save.

Create Two Maps in Two Projections

1. Right Click on Layers, and go to ‘Properties’

2. Under the Coordinate System tab navigate to Projected Coordinate Systems > World and select another map projection such as Fuller or Gall.

3. Go back to View > Data view to see the full extent of your projection change.

4. Return to View > Layout View. Go to Bookmarks > MAP_1.

5. Export your second map as ‘MAP-1_PRJ-2.pdf’

6. Change the projection to a third projection of your choosing from the World folder.

7. Export your third map as ‘MAP-1_PRJ-3.pdf’

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Prepare for an Illinois Based Map

1. Uncheck the Box next to the world boundaries shape file.

2. Right click on ‘Layers’ and go to ‘Properties’

3. Go to Coordiante Systems and to Projected Coordinate Systems > State Plane > NAD 1983 (2011) (Feet) > State Plane Illinois East. Click OK.

Add Illinois Data

1. Right click on ‘Layers’ and Go go Add Data

2. In the folder you downloaded from Box navigate to the Points Lines & Polygons folder.

3. Go to ‘tl_2016_us_counties’ and select the .shp file. click add. Ignore any transformation warnings. This is a polygon shape file. You should see every county is the US displayed in ArcMap.

4. Go back to Add Data, to the Points Lines & Polygons folder and to the ‘tl_2015_17_prisecroads’ folder. Add ‘tl_2015_17_prisecroads.shp’ You should see major roads added to the state of Illinois. This is a line based shape file.

5. Again go back to Add data and to the folder for this section. This time navigate to the ‘Onshoreindustri’ folder and add the shape file in that folder. You should see a point that represents every wind turbine onshore in the United States. This is a points based shape file.

Cull Data to Illinois

1. We want the map to only show Illinois counties. In order to do this we need to see how the county polygon shape file is organized. Right click on the layer in the ‘Table of Contents’ window. Click on Attributes Table.

2. The counties shape file does not use state names, but instead a two digit code that rep-resents each state. You can see this in the column ‘STATEFP’ Close the attribute table.

3. Go to the toolbar and click on the blue circle with an ‘i’ which is the identify tool.

4. Click on one of the counties within Illinois. You’ll see that Illinois is represented by the STATEFP number 17. Close the identify window.

5. Go to the Selection menu and click on ‘Select by Attributes’

6. In the window that pops up select the counties layer.

7. Double-click on “STATEFP” in the first window, you will see that text pop up in the bottom window.

Feature classes are homogeneous collections of common features, each having the same spatial representation, such as points, lines, or polygons, and a common set of attribute columns, for example, a line feature class for representing road centerlines. The four most com-monly used feature classes are points, lines, polygons, and annotation (the geodatabase name for map text).

In the illustration below, these are used to represent four datasets for the same area: (1) manhole cover locations as points, (2) sewer lines, (3) parcel polygons, and (4) street name annotation.

The four most commonly used feature classes in the geodatabaseIn this diagram, you might also have noted the potential requirement to model some ad-

vanced feature properties. For example, the sewer lines and manhole locations make up a storm sewer network, a system with which you can model runoff and flows. Also, note how adjacent parcels share common boundaries. Most parcel users want to maintain the integrity of shared feature boundaries in their datasets using a topology.

As mentioned earlier, users often need to model such spatial relationships and behaviors in their geographic datasets. In these cases, you can extend these basic feature classes by adding a number of advanced geodatabase elements, such as topologies, network datasets, terrains, and address locators.

Source: ( http://desktop.arcgis.com/en/arcmap/10.3/manage-data/geodatabases/fea-ture-class-basics.htm )

Points, Lines, & Polygons

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8. In the middle of the window click ‘Get Unique Values’

9. Click the ‘=’ button to the left of the center of the window.

10. Click ‘17’ in the list that populated in the center of the window.

11. Click Apply. You should see every county in Illinois light up with a cyan border.

12. Click OK.

13. Right click on the counties layer in the ‘Table of Contents’ Go to ‘Selection’ and ‘Create Layers from Selected Features’.

14. You’ll see a new layer added to the ‘Table of Contents’ Slowly double click on it, rename it ‘Illinois Counties’

15. Turn off the US_counties layer, and click hold and drag on the Illinois counties to drag them to the bottom of the list.

16. Go to Selection > Select by Location.

17. Make sure the top drop down menu is on ‘select features from’

18. In the ‘Target Layer’ window check the box next to ‘Onshore_Industrial...’

19. Change the ‘Source Layer’ to ‘Illinois Counties’

20. Change the spatial selection method to ‘are within the source layer feature’

21. Click ‘Apply’ every point within the Illinois County layer should turn cyan which indicates it is selected.

22. Right click on the ‘Onshore_Industrial’ layer. Go to Selection > Create Layer from Selected Features.

23. Turn off the original ‘Onshore_Industrial...” layer. Rename the new layer “Illinois Wind’

Print Map

1. Go to Layout View

2. Go to File, Print and Page Setup and change you layout to 11x17 ‘Portrait’

3. Change the layout frame to the size of the entire piece of paper.

4. Set the scale to 1:1,500,000. Center the map on the page with the Pan tool.

5. Go to Bookmarks, Create New Bookmark, create ‘MAP_2’

6. Export at PDF to the ‘Last-First_Workshop-Maps’ folder you made on the desktop. Save the file as MAP-2_PLP.pdf.

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Set Point Symbology

1. Right-click on on ‘Illinois Wind’ and go to properties.

2. Click on the Symbology tab.

3. Click on the large gray square with a dot in the Symbol Box.

4. Select a new symbol type and color.

5. Click OK. You should see a new symbol for each wind turbine point.

Set Line Symbology

1. Right-click on the ‘tl_2015_17_prisecroads’ layer and go to Properties.

2. Click on the Symbology Tab.

3. On the left click on ‘Categories’ and then Unique Values.

4. Change the Value Field to ‘RTTYP’ and click ‘Add All Values’

5. Double-click on the line next to ‘I’ which stands for interstate. Change the color to black, and the weight to 2.0. Click Apply.

6. Change ‘C’ (County) ‘M’ (Municipal) and ‘O’ to 50% Gray and 1.0 line weight.

7. Change ‘S’ (State) to 50% Gray and 2.0 line weight.

8. Change ‘U’ (US Routes) to Black and 1,0 line weight.

9. Click Apply and close the Symbology window.

Set Polygon Symbology

1. Right-click on ‘Illinois Counties’ and go to properties.

2. Click on the Symbology tab.

3. On the left click on ‘Quantities’ and then Graduated Colors.

4. Change the Value to ‘ALAND’

5. Select a ‘Color Ramp’ and change ‘Classes’ to 10.

6. Click on the first color in the list, hold shift and click on the last.

7. Right-click and go to properties for all symbols. Change the ‘Outline Color’ to ‘No Color’

Export Map

1. Make sure your map is still aligned with your MAP_2 bookmark.

2. Export the map as MAP-2_SYM.pdf

Symbology

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Dissolve Illinois Counties

1. Go to Geoprocessing > Dissolve

2. In the ‘Input Features’ Dropdown select “Illinois Counties’

3. Under ‘Dissolve Fields’ click the box next to ‘STATEFP’

4. Click on Environments

5. Change Output Coordinates to ‘Same as Display’

6. Change ‘Output Feature Class’ to a file in your GIS Folder

7. Click OK.

8. ArcMAP may process for a 10 or 20 seconds. Then a new layer will be added to your map.

9. Change the symbology of the new layer to a bold black outline.

Buffer Interstates

1. Use ‘Select by Attributes’ to select all Interstates on the roads layer.

2. Right-click on the layer and to to ‘Selection’ > Create Layer from Selected Features.

3. Name the new layer ‘IL_Interstates’.

4. Go to Geoprocessing > Buffer

5. Set ‘Input Features’ to ‘IL Interstates’

6. Go to Environment and set Output Coordinates to ‘Same as Display’

7. Set a file location in your GIS Data folder. Use ILI_B.shp as the file name.

8. Set a distance, linear unit, of 5 miles.

9. Click OK. Wait for the buffer layer to appear.

10. Change the symbology to a cross hatch with no outline.

Clip Buffer at State Boundary

1. Go to Geoprocessing > Clip.

2. Set ILI_B as the Input Feature.

3. Select IL_Dissolve as the Clip Feature

4. Select a file location in your GIS Data folder and use ILIB_CLIP as the file name.

5. Click OK.

6. Wait for ArcMap to process and a new clipped file will be added to you display.

7. Change the symbology to a cross hatch with no boundary.

Select Wind Turbines within the Buffer Zone.

1. Go to Selection > Select By Location

2. Select features from IL_wind with ILIB_CLIP as the source layer.

3. Spatial Selection Method should be ‘are within the source layer’

4. Once the selection is made right-click on ‘IL_Wind’ and go to Selection > Create Layer from Selected Features.

5. Change the symbology of IL_Wind to something light gray. Change the symbology of the new layer to something colorful and bold.

Export Map

1. Change your layout to 11x17 Landscape.

2. Change the frame to match the paper and change the scale to 1:500,000.

3. Pan the map to focus on an area with a lot of wind turbines.

4. Create a bookmark and call it MAP_3

5. Export the map as MAP-3_NO-BASE.pdf

Geoprocessing: Buffer, Clip, Dissolve