Naming Ionic Compounds Naming Ionic Compounds & Ions& Ions

NamesNames

Why do we name ionic compounds & Why do we name ionic compounds & ions?ions? Universal namesUniversal names Everyone on the same pageEveryone on the same page

IonsIons

Oxidation # is the charge of the ionOxidation # is the charge of the ion 2 types of ions… 2 types of ions…

Monoatomic IonMonoatomic Ion Ion formed from a single atom Ion formed from a single atom NaNa++, Cl, Cl--

Polyatomic Ion Polyatomic Ion Ion formed from a group of atoms Ion formed from a group of atoms

NHNH44++, CH, CH33COOCOO--

How do we name Ions?How do we name Ions?

Different for cations and anionsDifferent for cations and anions1.1. Cations (a.k.a.Positive Ions)Cations (a.k.a.Positive Ions)

Name of atom followed by ion.Name of atom followed by ion. KK++ = Potassium Ion = Potassium Ion NaNa++ = Sodium Ion = Sodium Ion CaCa2+2+ = calcium Ion = calcium Ion

2.2. Anions (a.k.a. Negative Ions)Anions (a.k.a. Negative Ions) Drop the suffix and add “-ide” followed by ionDrop the suffix and add “-ide” followed by ion

FF-- = Fluoride Ion = Fluoride Ion OO2-2- = Oxide Ion = Oxide Ion

Putting them together in an ionic Putting them together in an ionic compound…compound…

Cation listed first, followed by the Cation listed first, followed by the appropriately named anion.appropriately named anion.

NaCl = “Sodium chloride”NaCl = “Sodium chloride”

KK22O = “Potassium oxide”O = “Potassium oxide”

CompoundsCompounds

Binary CompoundBinary Compound Compound made of 2 different elements Compound made of 2 different elements

ionically bonded.ionically bonded. Total electrical charge is neutralTotal electrical charge is neutral

+’s & -’s cancel each other+’s & -’s cancel each other

Chemical FormulasChemical Formulas

Group of chemical symbols, Group of chemical symbols, superscriptedsuperscripted and and subscriptedsubscripted numbersnumbers How do we write these???How do we write these???

Write the elements and their oxidation numbers as Write the elements and their oxidation numbers as superscriptssuperscripts

Use subscripts to balance chargesUse subscripts to balance charges

Mg2+

Br--

+ Mg2

Br(1)

Al3+

O2-

+ Al3

O2

Magnesium Bromide

Aluminum Oxide

Comparing MoleculesComparing MoleculesMolar Mass and Avogadro’s NumberMolar Mass and Avogadro’s Number

Atomic MassAtomic Mass

What unit of measurement do we What unit of measurement do we use?????use????? Atomic Mass Units: AMUAtomic Mass Units: AMU Compares quantities of mass to small Compares quantities of mass to small

to see.to see. 1 amu = 1 amu =

0.00000000000000000000000166g0.00000000000000000000000166g 1.66 x 101.66 x 10-24-24gg

Molar MassMolar Mass Finding mass of molecules?Finding mass of molecules? Use atomic massUse atomic mass

Count atoms and add massesCount atoms and add masses

CC66HH1212OO6 6 (this is our trusty glucose molecule)(this is our trusty glucose molecule)

CCCCCCCCCCCCHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHOOOOOOOOOOOO

Finding Molar Mass Finding Molar Mass

CC66HH1212OO66

NN22OO44

180.18 amu’s

92.02 amu’s

12.01 12.01 12.01 12.01 12.01 12.01

1.011.011.011.011.01 1.011.01 1.011.011.011.011.01

16 16 16 16 16 16

14.0114.01 16 16 16 16

QUESTION!QUESTION!

Now that we can find the relative Now that we can find the relative mass of a molecule, can we find mass of a molecule, can we find the number of molecules in a the number of molecules in a certain amount of a substance? certain amount of a substance?

MeasurementsMeasurements How many molecules are in 180.18g How many molecules are in 180.18g

of Cof C66HH1212OO66?? A moleA mole

What is a mole?What is a mole? Term to describe a certain number of Term to describe a certain number of

items.items.

MOLEMOLE Avogadro’s NumberAvogadro’s Number

602,000,000,000,000,000,000,000602,000,000,000,000,000,000,000 6.02 x 106.02 x 102323

ComparisonComparison

Nampa Population Nampa Population 71,28271,282

Idaho Population Idaho Population 1,293,5931,293,593

U.S. Population U.S. Population 292,731,592292,731,592

World population World population 6,252,380,471 6,252,380,471

MoleMole 602,000,000,000,000,000,000,000602,000,000,000,000,000,000,000

Moles and AMU’sMoles and AMU’s

Molar Mass of CMolar Mass of C66HH1212OO66 = 180.18 amu = 180.18 amu

180.18g of C180.18g of C66HH1212OO6 6 has 6.02 x 10has 6.02 x 1023 23

moleculesmolecules

#AMU’s #AMU’s #Grams #Grams 1 Mole 1 Mole

PracticePractice

10 lbs

each

100 lbs

each

20 lbs

total

200 lbs

total

2 cats

Couple

2 cats

Couple

2 cats

Couple

110 lbs

total

10 +

100

7 amu

10 amu

8 amu

6 amu

4 amu

10 amu

25 amu

10 amu

25 amu

6.02 x 1023

6.02 x 1023

= 10 grams

= 25 grams

PracticePractice

COCO22

CC66HH1212OO66

HH22OO

CHCH44

44 AMU180 AMU18 AMU16 AMU

Determine the atomic mass of the Determine the atomic mass of the following moleculesfollowing molecules..

Activity: Formulas LabActivity: Formulas Lab

Use the sheet on page 8 of your packetUse the sheet on page 8 of your packet Get a sheet of ion tilesGet a sheet of ion tiles Color the cations (+ ions) one color, color Color the cations (+ ions) one color, color

the anions (- ions) another colorthe anions (- ions) another color Cut out the tilesCut out the tiles Combine them in ratios that match up the Combine them in ratios that match up the

number of +’s and –’snumber of +’s and –’s Write as many formulas as possibleWrite as many formulas as possible

Activity: Formulas LabActivity: Formulas Lab

Example:Example: Aluminum has a 3+ chargeAluminum has a 3+ charge You can combine it with 3 Chloride ions to You can combine it with 3 Chloride ions to

form AlClform AlCl33 or you can use a single Phosphate ion or you can use a single Phosphate ion

(PO(PO443-3-) and make AlPO) and make AlPO44

Do this as many times as you can until you Do this as many times as you can until you fill your lab sheet. There are about 60 fill your lab sheet. There are about 60 combinations so go wild and see how combinations so go wild and see how many you can make.many you can make.

ActivityActivity1.1. A package has 60 eggs, how many dozen A package has 60 eggs, how many dozen

eggs are there?eggs are there?2.2. A carton of 6 eggs is how many dozen?A carton of 6 eggs is how many dozen?

3.3. How many molecules are in 18.02g of HHow many molecules are in 18.02g of H22O?O?

4.4. How many molecules are in 216g of OHow many molecules are in 216g of O22??

5.5. How many molecules are in 19.48kg of NaCl?How many molecules are in 19.48kg of NaCl?6.6. If an amount of material contained 9.03 If an amount of material contained 9.03

x 10x 102323 molecules, how many moles would that molecules, how many moles would that be?be?