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WLMS Science MSA Review PacketInstructions:

This packet was designed to provide students an opportunity to review concepts learned in grades 6-8. The expectation is that students will complete this packet on a timely basis and participate in class discussions.

Electronic copies of this packet will be available on Ms. Drakes’s and Mr. Spicher’s websites.

Please see Ms. Drakes or Mr. Spicher with any questions.

Created by Marusich/Pettebone FQMS

Earth Science Review

1. Use the diagram to label the following parts of the earth:

2. What is the layer where convection currents flow?a. Outer core b. mantlec. inner core d. continental crust

3. Layer Location Description

4. What is a plate boundary?

5. Fill in the chart below about plate boundaries:

Type of boundary Definition Diagram


6. Complete the following reading using the word bank below:asthenosphere convection currents denser magmaconvection core fluid plates

Convection is the heat transfer by the movement of a heated ___________________. During

_________________, heated particles of _________________ within the earth’s mantle

begin to flow, transferring heat energy from one part of the mantle to another. Heat from

Earth’s _________________ is the source for convection currents in the earth. Hot columns

of magma are heated by the core making them less dense. This material rises slowly through

the _________________, the upper part of the earth’s mantle. At the top of the

asthenosphere, the hot material spreads out and pushes the cooler material out of the way.

The cooler, ______________ , material sinks back into the asthenosphere. Over and over,

the cycle of rising and sinking occurs in the asthenosphere to create ___________________

_____________. The convection currents produce movements that can cause the

___________ to move.

7. Explain the process responsible for movement of the earth’s plates.

8. Explain how the fossil record supports the theory of continental drift.

9. Explain why major geological events, such as earthquakes and volcanic activity, occur along crustal plate boundaries.

10. What type of boundary do earthquakes occur along? ____________

11. Geologists use the difference in the arrival of P and S waves at a seismograph to determine:

a. the magnitude of the earthquake b. the depth of the earthquake’s focus

c. the strength of the surface waves d. the distance to the epicenter


12. What is the rock cycle?

13. Certain conditions within the earth’s crust contribute to the formation of various rock types.

Complete the following chart.

Type of Rock Formed by What Process Features

Use the following diagram to answer questions 14-17 below:

14. The arrow at A represents:a. a transform boundary b. continental crustc. a subduction zone d. molten magma rising from the

mantle

15. As sea floor spreading occurs, the oceanic platea. does not move b. moves from C toward Bc. moves from B toward C d. floats higher on the mantle

16. What is occurring at the feature labeled B?a. new rock is being added to the

oceanic plateb. the ocean floor is sinking


c. subduction is occurring d. two plates are colliding

17. What is occurring at D?a. new material is rising from the mantle b. the oceanic plate is melting as it

sinks into the mantlec. sedimentary rock is being added to the

plated. the oceanic plate is pushing the

continental plate into the mantle

18. Metamorphic rocks can be formed from:a. igneous rocks b. sedimentary rocksc. metamorphic rocks d. all rock groups

19. Fossils are typically found in:a. Metamorphic rock b. sedimentary rockc. igneous rock d. all of the above

20. Which organism has a better chance of leaving a fossil: a jellyfish or a bony fish? Explain why.

21. How can scientists determine the history of the changing surface of the earth by examining layers of sedimentary rock?

22. Describe how the fossil record of plants and animals describe changes in life forms over time.

23. Distinguish between physical and chemical weathering and give an example of changes to a rock as a result of each.

24. What is erosion? What are three natural processes that can cause erosion?

25. Explain the relationship between erosion and deposition.


26. How can glaciers change the surface of the earth?

27. The season are caused bya. the rotation of the Earth b. the revolution of the Earth around the sunc. the tilt of the Earth’s axis d. the revolution of the moon around the

Earth

28. Explain the cause of the phases of the moon.

29. One year is represented by ____________a. One revolution of the Earth around the

sunb. One rotation of the Earth on its

axisc. The tilt of the Earth d. The size of the sun as it relates

to the solar system

30. The farther a planet is from the sun affects __________a. The time it takes for the planet to

rotateb. The time it takes for the planet to

revolve around the sun.c. It affects nothing d. The shape of the orbit around

the sun.

31. The sun is a ___________a. medium sized star on the main

sequenceb. A white dwarf

c. A red giant d. A super nova

32. Our sun is part of the Milky Way galaxy, which is a ___________ shaped galaxy.a. irregular shaped b. spiral shapedc. disc shaped d. double barred

33. The moon __________ around the Earth in approximately 29 days.a. Rotates b. slidesc. revolves d. explodes

34. When the northern hemisphere of the earth is tilted towards the sun, we are experiencing

the season of _____________ and the southern hemisphere is experiencing the season of

________________.

35. Distinguish between weather and climate.


36. In which layer of the atmosphere does weather occur?a. troposphere b. hydrospherec. stratosphere d. mesosphere

37. What two things have the largest effect on climate?a. The tilt of the earth and the sun b. The revolution of the earth

around the sun.c. Location and snow d. Temperature and climate

38. Compare high and low pressure systems in terms of what the weather would be like with each type of system.

39. What are atmospheric and hydroshperic conditions associated with the formation of hurricanes, tornados, and thunderstorms.

40. Explain and sketch the water cycle. In your diagram, include glaciers, surface water, groundwater, oceans, and atmosphere. Also, include the following vocabulary terms in your diagram: sun, evaporation, precipitation, clouds, and condensation.

41. Explain how temperature and precipitation in an area are affected by: Relative location of mountains Proximity to large bodies of water Heat energy of ocean currents


42. Define renewable and nonrenewable natural resources and provide an example of each.

43. Identify and describe the impacts of an increasing human population on the use of natural resources.

44. How does driving a gasoline-powered car affect Earth’s carbon cycle? What alternative energy could be used?

45. Explain how human activities produce changes in the Earth’s climate.


Grade 6 VSC Vocabulary1. Anemometer2. Atmosphere3. Barometer4. Climate5. Comet6. Core7. Crust8. Deposition9. Erosion10. Front11. Galaxy12. Greenhouse

gases

13. Igneous rock14. Index fossil15. Law of

Superposition16. Mantle17. Metamorphic

(rock)18. Nonrenewable

resource19. Orbit20. Phases (lunar)21. Plate tectonics22. Psychrometer

23. Radiation24. Renewable

resource25. Sea floor

spreading26. Sedimentary

rock27. Star28. Tide29. Water cycle30. Weathering


Xenobop

Life Science ReviewUse the information in the box to complete questions 1 & 2.

1. Identify the letter you will use to represent each of the alleles in the crosses.

a. Red skin (dominant allele): ____________b. Green skin (recessive allele):___________

2. A purebred red skinned Xenobop is mated to a hybrid red skinned Xenobop.

(12 pts)

Probability of Possible Genotypes:_______ % _________________

_______ % _________________

_______ % _________________

Probability of Possible Phenotypes:_______ % red skin

_______ % green skin

3. If the Xenobops live in a tropical forest, which color skinned Xenobop would you expect to see more of over many generations.

4. What are some events that can affect the survival of organisms and cause adaptations in populations?


Xenobops are an organism from planet X. Xenobops are about 3 feet tall, have green or red skin, pointy ears, 2 large round eyes and noses that are either rounded or pointy. o Red skin is dominant to green skin. o The letter R is used to represent the gene for skin color in Xenobop.

5. Compare how genetic material is passed to offspring in asexual and sexual reproduction. Which of these provides a greater variation in offspring?

6. Match the words in column A to their definitions in column B.

Column A Column BPhenotype A. Having two of the same alleles.

Recessive allele B. The factors that control traits.

Genes C. The masked or covered up allele.

Probability D. The physical appearance or visible trait.

Alleles F. The different forms of a gene.

Homozygous G. The likelihood that a particular event will occur.

7. Put the following terms in order of increasing complexity:

Cell Community Ecosystem Organ

Organ system Organism Population Tissue

8. Identify the following as a habitat, population, or community.

___________________a. Penguins obtain food, water, and shelter from

Antarctica.

___________________b. Penguins and seals live in Antarctica.

___________________c. 400,000 penguins live in Antarctica.

9. Observe the two cells pictured below. Circle the drawing that would represent a plant cell. Support your response with at least 2 pieces of evidence.

Support:

a. _____________________________

________________________________

________________________________

b. ______________________________


Figure 1

Figure 1

________________________________

________________________________

10. The process of respiration enables cells to take in oxygen and use it to produce

a. Energy b. foodc. new cells d. wastes

11. Observe the two organisms in Figure 1. Select the conclusion which best summarizes how these two organisms would be classified in the modern taxonomy.

a. The owl and the butterfly would be classified into the same phylum because they both fly.

b. The owl and the butterfly would be classified into different kingdoms because the owl is a bird and the butterfly is an insect.

c. The owl and the butterfly would be classified into different phyla because the bird has a backbone and the butterfly does not.

d. The owl and the butterfly would be classified into the same phylum because they are both animals.

12. Analyze the picture of the fish in Figure 1. Identify and describe the two systems of the fish’s body that enable it to take in oxygen from the water and transport the oxygen to cells throughout the body.


Figure 1: Circulatory Systems of Different Organisms

13. Analyze the three circulatory system diagrams shown in Figure 1. Circle the picture that represents the least complex circulatory system.

14. Explain how the following terms can be used to sort organisms into groups.

Vascular Non-vascular

Closed circulatory system Open circulatory system

Asexual reproduction Sexual reproduction

15. Animals _______________ food to produce the materials and energy they

need to survive or store for later use. Plants _______________ food in a

process called _______________. Here, plants use energy from sunlight to

make sugars from carbon dioxide and water.


16. What are three basic life functions that single-celled and multi-celled organisms carry out?

17. Complete the following chart.

Body system Function Major organsCirculatory

Digestive

Endocrine

Excretory

Immune

Muscular

Nervous

Respiratory


OREGON RIDGE ECOSYSTEM

Skeletal

Use the picture, “Oregon Ridge Ecosystem,” to answer the questions that follow.

18. Identify a parasite/host relationship shown in the Oregon Ridge Ecosystem.

19. Identify a predator/prey relationship shown in the picture.

20. Directions:a. Study the organisms listed. b. Identify the producers, consumers and decomposers in each biome.c. Construct a possible food chain for the organisms in each biome.

Organism Energy Source Energy RoleAcorn Sun

Red fox Squirrels, rabbits and

mice


White tailed deer Acorn, grass

Grass Sun

Hawk Squirrels, rabbits and

mice

Mouse Grass, acorns

Mold Decaying organisms

21. Possible food chain:

22. Explain how removing the mouse would affect the flow of energy in the ecosystem described in #5.

23. List some ways organisms with similar needs compete with each other.


7 th -grade VSC Vocabulary 1. Abiotic 2. Adaptation3. Asexual

reproduction4. Biome5. Biotic6. Cell7. Cell respiration8. Community9. Competition10. Consumer11. Decomposer12. Diversity of

species13. Ecosystem14. Environment15. Extinction16. Food chain17. Food web

18. Fossil19. Habitat20. Host21. Inherit22. Innate23. Interdependenc

e24. Multicellular25. Natural

resource26. Natural

Selection27. Nitrogen(cycle) 28. Nonnative

species29. Offspring30. Organ31. Organ System32. Organism

33. Parasite34. Pathogen35. Photosynthe

sis36. Pollution37. Population38. Predator39. Prey40. Producer41. Scavenger42. Selective

breeding43. Sexual

reproduction44. Species45. Tissue46. Trait47. Unicellular48. Water cycle


Physical Science Review 1. On the chart below, identify the type of heat transfer by writing the word, radiation, conduction or convection.

Experience CauseBurning your tongue on pizza

Burning your skin due to the sun

Sunlight melts a wax crayon left outside

Touching your finger to a hot iron

Cooling a hot room with air conditioning

Temperature of the ocean below the photosynthetic level (no light)

2. Explain the energy transformations that occur in the following: Flashlight Green plant Power plant

3. During energy transformations, some heat energy is always _______________.

4. Explain the law of conservation of mass.

5. Describe what the temperature of a solid, liquid, or gas reveals about the motion of its particles.

6. A material that does not conduct heat well is a. nickel b. paperc. copper d. silver

7. Absolute zero isa. 273 K b. 0 Kc. 373 K d. 0 C

8. The simplest type of pure substance is a (n)a. mixture b. alloyc. solution d. element

9. Matter that consists of two or more substances combined together but not chemically is called a(n) ______________. Here, each substance _______________ its identity.

10. List three ways to separate mixtures.

FQMS Science MSA Review Packet 0708 p. 18

Figure 1: Structure of an Atom

++ --

11. All elements of the same _______________ have similar properties and characteristics.

12. The number of protons in an atom with an atomic number of 18 isa. 10 b. 36c. 18 d. 8

13. In the periodic table the most active elements are founda. in a row b. on the left hand side c. on the right side d. location does not matter

14. The nucleus of an atom containsa. protons only b. electrons onlyc. protons and neutrons d. neutrons and electrons

15. Complete the chart using a periodic table.Element

nameSymbol Valence

ElectronsAtomic Mass Other characteristic

Al 3 electronsNeon 20.180 Noble gas/non-

reactiveS 32.066

Cesium 1 electron metal

16. How would you determine the neutron number for the element, sulfur?

17. Label the diagram of the atom

18. Compare the two ways a compound is formed.

19. Label the following pH scale with acidic, basic, and neutral substances.

0 7 14


A

CB

Graph 1

Distance

Time

20. Identify if the statement is a physical or chemical change. Statement Physical or Chemical ChangeTearing Papers into piecesBurning wood in a fireplaceCombining elements to make a new substanceBoiling water on the stovePlacing food color in cake mix

21. What some indicators that a chemical reaction has occurred?

22. Describe the relationship between speed, velocity, and acceleration.

Use graph 1 to answer the following questions:

23. In what part of the graph is there no speed? _____24. What part of the graph illustrates the largest speed? _____25. What part of the graph illustrates the smallest speed? _____

26. Complete the following chart.Definition Examples

Newton’s 1st law

Newton’s 2nd law

Newton’s 3rd law


Using the given equation, complete the questions below.

Newton’s second law of motion describes the relationship of force, mass, and acceleration. The general equation is

Force = (mass)(acceleration)

whereby force is measured in Newton’s (N), mass in kilograms (km) and acceleration in meters per second squared (m/s )

27. If you increase the force of an object, its accelerationa. decreases b. stays the samec. also increases d. stops

28. How much force is needed to accelerate a 3 kg skateboard at 5 m/sa. 8 N b. .6 Nc. 1.6 N d. 15 N

29. If you increase the mass on an object, its accelerationa. decreases b. stays the samec. also increases d. stops

30. The Newton is what unitsa. kg/m b. metersc. c (kg)(m/s) d. kg/ meters per second squared

31. Using the Newton Scooter project as an example, describe energy transformations.

32. List three ways to alter the strength of an electromagnet.1.2.3.

33. What type of items would be affected by an electromagnet.

34. Waves transfer _______________ from one place to another. Light travels in _______________ waves and sound travels in _______________ waves.


35. Sketch a diagram of a transverse wave on the normal resting position line. After sketching the diagram, label the following terms; wavelength, amplitude, crest, trough

____________________________________________________normal resting position

36. What happens to wavelength if the frequency is increased?

37. Within the electromagnetic spectrum is a area for visible light. When white light it bent or refracted, it forms a colored spectrum. Name the colors in order from the lowest refraction level to the highest refraction level. lowest level/longest wavelength -> highest level/shortest wavelength


Choose either True or False for the following statements. If the statement is false, correct the underlined word to make the statement true.

__________ Transverse waves move the particles of the medium parallel to the direction that the wave is traveling.

__________ A pulley can be thought of as an inclined plane wrapped around a central cylinder.

__________ A decomposition reaction forms new compound substances.

__________ Mass is the measure of the amount of force and that an object has.

__________ If forces are balanced an object will stay stationary.

__________ As you move from left to right in the electromagnetic spectrum, energy levels increase.

__________ Sounds travels slower in water than air.

__________ The law of reflection states that the angle of reflection equals the angle of incidence.

__________ A solid, liquid or gas is an example of a (n) state of matter.

__________ Weight is the measurement of the force of gravity on an object.

__________ An inclined plane is an example of a compound machine.

__________ A solution is a homogenous mixture where one substance is dissolved in another substance.

__________ Magnet forces are strongest at the center of a magnet.

__________ A medium is any substance or region through which a wave is transmitted.

__________ The amount of energy in a wave is its loudness.

__________ Sound waves are transverse waves.

__________ The primary colors of light are red, blue and green.

__________ If the curve of a mirror goes inward, it is a concave mirror.

__________ Telescopes allow small object to be seen.

__________ Series circuits have only one pathway for the transfer of electrons through a circuit.


8 th -grade VSC Vocabulary 1. Acceleration2. Amplitude3. Chemical change4. Chemical energy5. Chemical properties6. Chemical reaction7. Compound8. Conduction9. Convection10. Density11. Electric circuit12. Electricity13. Element14. Energy15. Expand16. Force17. Frequency18. Friction19. Gravitational20. Gravity 21. Heat Energy22. Inertia23. Kinetic energy24. Light25. Longitudinal wave26. Magnetic27. Magnetic field28. Malleability29. Mass30. Mass number

31. Mechanical Energy32. Mixture33. Molecule34. Momentum35. Motion36. Neutral atom37. Newton's Laws of Motion38. Noble gases39. Nonmetals40. Nuclear energy41. pH scale42. Physical change43. Physical properties44. Pitch45. Potential energy46. Radiation47. Reactant48. Reactivity49. Series circuit50. Solar energy51. Solubility52. Sound53. Speed54. Temperature55. Transverse wave56. Velocity57. Vibration58. Wavelength59. Weight60. Work


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