+NOTE ALL NOTES, HOWEVER, ARE CONSIDERD TO BE “CLAUSE”+FOR EXAMPLE: “SECOND-HAND CASES”; “SAID TO WEIGHT”…+TO AVOID DISPUTED, THE TWO SITES TO THE CONTRACT WILL SPECIFY “CLAUSES” THAT WOULD BE UNACCEPTABLE.+THE EXPORTER WILL OFFER THE CARRIER AN “INDEMNITY” AS A BRIBE TO ENSURE HAVING CLEAN TRANSPORT DOCUMENTS.+IN SOME COUNTRIES, THAT PAYMENT OF AN “INDEMNITY” IS ILLEGAL AND CAN BE PROSECUTED FOR FRAUD.

-WHAT YOU SHOULD KNOW:

+THE TYPE OF PACKAGING AND THE SHIPPING GOODS SHOULD BE SPECIFIED AND AGREED BY THE PARTIES.+THE EXPORTER WILL RECEIVE BILL OF LADING FROM THE CARRIER.+EACH MODE OF TRANSPORT HAS A CHARACTERISTIC SHIPPING DOCUMENT.+A MARINE BILL OF LADING CAN BE MADE INTO A NEGOTIABLE DOCUMENT.+THE MARINE BILL OF LADING MUSE BEAR THE NOTATION THAT THE GOODS HAVE BEEN SHIPPED ON BOARD.+TO BE ACCEPTABLE UNDER A LETTER OF CREDIT, ALL SHIPPING DOCUMENTS MUST BE “CLEAN” AND FREE OF NOTES ABOUT DEFECTS

-RISK:+THE EXPORTER MUST BE ABLE TO DECIDE WHAT KIND OF POLICY OR INSURANCE COVER IS NECESSARY AND WHAT RISKS MUST BE COVERED.+TWO RISKS ARE NORMALLY COVERED BY INSURANCE: THE RISK OF THE GOODS INJURING A THIRD PARTY, AND THE MORE SIGNIFICANT RISK OF LOSS OR DAMAGE.-OWNERSHIP (TITLE):+IT IS A COMPLICATED PROBLEM. THE PROBLEM IS THE POINT WHEN OWNERSHIP OF GOODS PASSES FROM EXPORTER TO BUYER.+THE CONTRACT HAVE TO SPECIFY THAT: TITLE TO THE GOODS PASSES WITH RISK.-INSURANCE:+MARINE INSURANCE IS FIRST FOUND IN ITALY IN THE 1300’S.+TODAY, MOST MARINE INSURANCE POLICIES INCLUDE THE TRANSIT CLAUSE WHICH COVERS THE GOODS FROM THE EXPORTER’S WAREHOUSE TO THE BUYER’S WAREHOUSE.