mylla lethyf - jimmy parlier transport summary may 23 egd
DESCRIPTION
Summary of Mylla Lethyf's (Arabian Mare) that was transported by Jimmy Parlier Transport in March of 2013.TRANSCRIPT
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May 23, 2013
This document is prepared to summarize the care of Mylla Lewis for the past 61 days. Mylla presented to
the KSU-VHC following long distance transport from California to the Kansas City area. The planned
course of transport included a 4-5 day trip with daily removal from the trailer. Instead, Mylla was
transported over a 48 hour period of time from March 11 to the 13
th
, 2013.
MYLLA PRIOR TO TRANSPORT IN CALIFORNIA March 2013
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At the time of arrival in KC Mylla was in apparent shock and had severe abrasions located on her left
tuber coxa, right hind fetlock, pastern and right lateral hoof wall. Mylla was managed by Dr. Kent
Jackson for her illness and wounds. By March 22ndMylla had not recovered from her wounds and had
developed a severe cough and was therefore transported to KSU-VHC for evaluation of transport-
associated injury and disease.
Mylla was at a very high risk for transport associated disease due to the fact that her transport was
performed over an abbreviated period of time. The number one risk factor for the development of
pleuropneumonia in horses is head elevation1-4. Due to the fact that she was not transported over a
appropriate period of time, her prolonged head elevation placed her at a high risk for complications 5. In
addition, being placed next to a stallion for this trip put her at an even greater risk for disease, secondary
to severe stress. Finally, having the stallion located to her right resulted in making every effort to move
MYLLA, LEFT SIDE AGAINST
TRAILER WALL. RIGHT SIDE
ADJACENT TO GYPSY VANNER
STALLION.
GYPSY VANNER STALLION ON
THE RIGHT SIDE OF MYLLA.
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her body to the left side of the trailer, even to the point that she sustained severe trauma as a result of
leaning to her left.
It is common knowledge among equine professionals that in tact stallions are more aggressive toward
other horses. For instance, in our hospital we have a specific location for housing of stallions to avoid
unnecessary interaction with other horses. Breeding farms specifically design stabling and paddock spaceto allow for separation of stallions from other horses for the safety of all involved. Placing an intact
stallion immediately next to a mare was an inappropriate decision, particularly for a professional equine
transport company. Subsequently, during and throughout the course of transport from California to
Missouri Mylla was in extreme stress based on the fact that she was in the trailer stall next to a stallion.
Evidence to support her effort to get away from the stallion is based on the nature and location of her
wounds that occurred during transport. Her left tuber coxae was severely damaged during the course of
transport. This trauma was a result of pressure necrosis from her pressing her left hip against the left wall
of the trailer in an attempt to get away from the stallion that was on her right side. Wounds sustained on
her right hind limb were a result of her scrambling with her hind feet and therefore abrading her right hind
limb on the lower portion of the partition that was on her right side. The stallion on her right side resulted
in her pressing her weight on her left side with constant leaning on the wall of the trailer.
Area of severe pressure necrosis o
her left tuber coxa, measures 8 cm
cm with the depth of nearly 6 cm
Currently, 74 days following gettin
on the trailer in CA, she is now nea
healed. This wound resulted from
severe pressure necrosis sustaine
while in the trailer from CA.
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Also, as previously stated, Mylla has been managed for severe unilateral, left-sided pleuropneumonia
since March 22nd. Although the most immediately apparent evidence for transport trauma was apparent
on her left hip area she also sustained trauma to her left thorax which contributed to the development of
left sided pneumonia. During the course of her evaluation at KSU we had enough concern that she may
have left-sided rib fracture(s) that we performed ultrasound of each individual rib on her left side.
Thoracic radiographs were also carefully assessed to determine if rib fractures were present. It is myprofessional opinion that the development of Myllas current condition was multifactorial in nature. It is
highly unusual for horses that develop pleuropneumonia to develop disease more severe on the left side
when compared with the right. Most commonly the disease is more severe on the right side due to the
fact that transport associated pleuropneumonia is a result of reduced clearance of particulate material from
the respiratory tract as well as aspirated material from the trailer environment (e.g. hay and dust in the
air). Anatomically the branching of the airways begins on the right side, meaning that the right side of the
thorax will receive aspirated material before the left side, this leads to the right side of the thorax being at
greater risk for aspiration associated disease when compared to the left side. Even less common is a horse
that develops transport-associated pleuropneumonia to have unilateral disease. Collectively, Myllas
disease of unilateral, left-sided pleuropneumonia was a consequence of long distance transport combined
with trauma sustained while attempting to physically move away from a dangerous situation (stallion).
Because she could not get away from the danger of the stallion but continued to make every effort to be as
far away as possible from him in a contained area she suffered severe injuries and pleuropneumonia.
Mylla continues to show evidence of improvement with an appropriate response to medical and surgical
therapies. A left-sided thoracotomy was performed on Tues. May 21st, 2013. This surgery resulted in the
removal of several pieces of necrotic lung tissue.
Left sided thoracotomy incision.
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In summary:
Mylla, a 14-year-old Arabian mare, presented to the Kansas State University VeterinaryHealth Center on March 22
nd, 2013. She was shipped to Kansas City from California on
March 11th
and arrived in Kansas City, MO on March 13th
.
Mylla was observed to be in shock and have multiple lacerations present when she wasunloaded from the transport trailer on March 13
th.
At the time of arrival in KC she was shaking uncontrollably, had severe abrasions locatedon her left tuber coxa, right hind pastern and lateral hoof wall. Mylla was managed by
Dr. Kent Jackson for her illness and wounds. By March 22nd
Mylla had not recovered
from her wounds and had developed a severe cough and was therefore transported to
KSU-VHC for evaluation and treatment.
Mylla was treated for superficial wounds in addition she was treated for severe, unilateralleft-sided pleuropneumonia.
Necrotic lung tissue removed from
left-sided thoracotomy site 5-22-13.
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On May 21stMylla underwent thoracotomy surgery to remove necrotic pulmonary tissuein an effort to resolve her ongoing pleuropneumonia.
At this time (5-23-13) Mylla remains hospitalized at KSU-VHC and will remain under our careuntil resolution of her disease process that was a direct result of complications from long distance
transport. It is anticipated that she will remain hospitalized until approximately June 17th.
Elizabeth Davis, DVM, PhD, DACVIM-Large Animal
Professor and Head, Equine Medicine and Surgery
Kansas State University
References
1. Chaffin MK, Carter GK (), Equine bacterial pleuropneumonia. Part 1. Epidemiology,
pathophysiology, and bacterial isolates, Compend Contin Educ Pract Vet1993;15: 1642-1650
2. Raidal SL, Love DN, Bailey GD (), Inflammation and increased numbers of bacteria in the lower
respiratory tract of horses within 6 to 12 hours of confinement with the head elevated,Aust.Vet J.
1995;72: 45-50
3. Racklyeft DJ, Love DN (), Bacterial infection of the lower respiratory tract in 34 horses,Aust.Vet J.
2000;78: 549-559
4. Racklyeft DJ, Raidal S, Love DN (), Towards an understanding of equine pleuropneumonia: factorsrelevant for control,Aust.Vet.J.2000;78: 334-338
5. Raidal SL (), Equine pleuropneumonia, Br.Vet J.1995;151: 233-262