MS AES(Syllabus)

Syllabus for MS Embedded System DesignFirst Semester

Subject Code

Subject NameTheory Credits

Lab Credits

Total Credits

ESD 601 Embedded System Design 03 01 04ESD 603 Real Time Operating Systems 03 01 04ESD 605 Signals & Systems 03 01 04ESD 607 Digital Signal Processing 03 01 04ESD 609 Digital System & VLSI Design 03 01 04ESD 611 Data Structures and Algorithms 03 01 04

Term Paper - I -- -- 01TOTAL 18 06 25

Second Semester ESD 608 Systems Software 03 01 04ESD 610 Embedded Control Systems 03 01 04ESD 612 Embedded Software Engineering 03 01 04ESD 614 Device Drivers 03 01 04ESD 616 Control Systems Modeling & Simulation 03 01 04ESD 618 Design using Microcontrollers 03 01 04

Term Paper - II -- -- 01TOTAL 18 06 25

Third & Fourth SemesterProject Work -- -- 40

Total Number of Credits to Award Degree 90

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First Semester

ESD 601 Embedded System Design

1.0 Introduction: 3 Hrs1.1 Embedded Systems Overview1.2 Design Challenges: Common Design Metrics, Time-to-Market

Design Metric, NRE and Unit cost Design Metrics, Performance Design Metric

1.3 Processor Technology: General Purpose Processors – Software, Single Purpose Processors – Hardware, Application Specific Processors.

2.0 Custom Single – Purpose Processors 8 Hrs2.1 Introduction2.2 Combinational Logic: Transistors and Logic Gates, Basic

Combinational Logic Design, RT – Level Combinational Components

2.3 Sequential Logic: Flip Flops, RT – Level Sequential Components, Sequential Logic Design.

2.4 Custom Single – Purpose Processor Design2.5 RT – Level Custom Single – Purpose Processor Design2.6 Optimizing Custom Single – Purpose Processors: Optimizing

the original Program, Optimizing the FSMD, Optimizing the Data path, Optimizing the FSM.

3.0 Standard Single – Purpose Processors – Peripherals: 8 Hrs3.1 Introduction3.2 Timers, Counters and Watchdog Timers: Reaction Timer and

ATM timeout using watchdog timer.3.3 UART3.4 Pulse Width Modulators: Controlling DC Motor using a PWM3.5 LCD Controllers: LCD Initialization3.6 Keypad Controllers3.7 Stepper Motor Controllers: Controlling a stepper motor directly

and using a driver.3.8 Analog-to-Digital Converters: Successive Approximation ADC.3.9 Real-Time Clocks.

4.0 Memory 8 Hrs4.1 Introduction, Memory Write ability and Storage permanence4.2 Common Memory types: Introduction to ROM, Mask-

Programmed ROM, One-Time Programmable ROM, EPROM, EEPROM, Flash Memory, Introduction to RAM: Static RAM, Pseudo-Static RAM, NVRAM, HM6264 and 27C256 RAM/ROM devices, TC55V2325FF-100 Memory Device.

4.3 Composing Memory

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4.4 Memory Hierarchy and Cache: Cache Mapping Techniques, Cache-Replacement Policy, Cache Write Techniques

4.5 Advanced RAM: Basic DRAM, Fat Page Mode DRAM, Extended Data Out DRAM, Synchronous and Enhanced Synchronous DRAM, DRAM Integration Problem, Memory Management Unit.

5.0 Interfacing 8 Hrs5.1 Introduction5.2 Communication Basics: Basic Terminologies, Basic Protocol

Concepts, ISA Bus Protocol – Memory Access.5.3 Microprocessor Interfacing (I/O Addressing): Port and Bus

Based I/O, Memory mapped I/O and standard I/O, ISA Bus Protocol – Standard I/O, A Basic Memory protocol, A complex memory protocol.

5.4 Microprocessor Interfacing (Interrupts)5.5 Microprocessor Interfacing (DMA)5.6 DMA I/O and ISA Bus Protocol5.7 Arbitration: Priority Arbiter, Daisy-Chain Arbitration5.8 Advanced Communication Principles: Parallel, Serial, Wireless

communications, Layering, Error detection and correction5.9 Serial Protocols: I2C, CAN, Firewire, USB5.10 Parallel Protocols: PCI Bus, ARM Bus5.11 Wireless Protocols: IrDA, Bluetooth, IEEE 802.11

6.0 State Machine and concurrent Process Models 5 Hrs6.1 Introduction6.2 Models vs. Languages, Text vs. Graphics6.3 An Introductory Example6.4 A Basic State Machine Modem (FSM)6.5 FSM with Datapath Model (FSMD)6.6 Using State Machines: Describing a System as a State

Machine, Comparing State Machines and Sequential Program Models, Capturing State Machines in Sequential Programming Language

6.7 HCFSM and the statecharts Language6.8 Program-State Machine Model (PSM)6.9 The roll of an approapriate Model and Language6.10 Concurrent Process Model6.11 Concurrent Processes: Process Create and Terminate, Process

Suspend and Resume, Process Join6.12 Communication among Processes: Shared Memory, Message

Passing.6.13 Synchronization among Processes: Condition Variables,

Monitors.6.14 Implementation: Creating and Terminating Processes,

Suspending and Resuming Processes, Joining a Process, Scheduling Processes.

6.15 Data Flow Model

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6.16 Real Time Systems: Windows CE, QNX.

7.0 Control Systems 5 Hrs7.1 Introduction7.2 Open-Loop and Closed Loop Control Systems: Overview, An

Open-Loop Automobile Cruise Control, A Closed-Loop Automobile Cruise Control

7.3 General Control Systems and PID Controllers: Control Objectives, Modeling Real Physical Systems, Controller Design

7.4 Software Coding of a PID Controller7.5 PID Tuning7.6 Practical Issues Related to Computer-Based Control:

Quantization and Overflow effects, Aliasing, Computation Delay.

7.7 Benefits of Computer-Based Control Implementations: Repeatability, Reproducibility and Stability, Programmability.

Total No. of Hours: 45Reference Books

Embedded System Design – Vahid Frank & Tony Givargis Embedded Microcomputer Systems – Jonathan W. Valvano An Embedded Software Primer – David E. Simon Programming for Embedded Systems – Dreamtech Software Team Fundamentals of Embedded System Software – Daniel W Lewis Designing Embedded Hardware – John Catsoulis An Introduction to the design of Small Scale Embedded Systems – Tim

Wilmshurst

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ESD 603 Real Time Operating Systems

1. Introduction1.1 types of real-time systems (hard, soft, firm), 1.2 need for a real-time system1.3 different kinds (reactive, time driven, deadline driven, etc.,)1.4 aspects of real-time systems (timeliness, responsiveness,

concurrency, predictability, correctness, robustness, fault tolerance and safety, resource limitations, RTOS necessity)

1.5 examples

2. Partitioning a system2.1 need for partitioning2.2 criteria for partitioning (performance, criticality, development

ease, robustness, fault tolerance and safety, resource limitations, etc.,)

2.3 various kinds (combination of software & hardware partitions on a (i) single processor, (ii) multiple processors (iii) distributed systems, hardware-only partitions (ASIC, FPGA etc.,)); the rationale/criteria for selecting a particular scheme, advantages and disadvantages

2.4 Tradeoffs and pros-cons of various methods mentioned above.

3. Subsystem/partition interconnections/communications3.1 different kinds of subsystem/partition

interconnection/communication schemes (eg., communication bus, point-to-point connection, system bus, shared memory, backplane etc.,)

3.2 criteria for selecting a scheme (based on determinism, response times, round-trip times, throughput, criticality, available bandwidth, protocol overheads, latencies, etc.,)

3.3 synchronizing clock/time among various subsystems3.4 realtime communication protocols3.5 device driver models and its interface with RTOS3.6 reliability and fault-tolerance techniques3.7 architecture/design patterns for

interconnection/communication and their tradeoffs3.8 architecture/design patterns for communication resource

management and their tradeoffs

4. Parallelism/Concurrency on an SBC (software perspective)4.1 Introduction to traditional sequential-programming employed

in smaller systems (sequential control flow, while loops without schedulers etc.,), advantages and disadvantages.

4.2 Advantages of multiprogramming/multi-tasking, parallelism and concurrency (multi-threading).

4.3 Multi-tasking and multi-threading support provided by an RTOS (Process mgmt, thread mgmt, schedulers, different

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kinds of scheduling, deterministic scheduling, RMA, static/dynamic scheduling, scheduling periodic/a-periodic tasks, slack stealing, analyses methods to determine whether the scheduling policy meets the timing constraints)

4.4 Design patterns for addressing multi-tasking, multi-threading & determinism

5. Process/Task synchronization on an SBC (software perspective)5.1 Process/Task Synchronization (need, different methods)5.2 Mutual Exclusion (defn of race condition, deadlock &

starvation, live locks etc., need for mutual exclusion)5.3 IPC (need, different kinds), 5.4 RTOS support for Mutual Exclusion and IPC (Semaphores, spin

locks, mutex, messaging, events/signals etc.,)5.5 Design patterns for addressing mutual exclusion5.6 Design patterns for addressing IPC

6. Embedded System Design requirement & Analysis

6.1 real-time requirement specification6.2 modeling/verifying design (tools (realtime UML, state charts,

etc.,), techniques)6.3 Programming language with realtime support6.4 ADA multitasking

Reference Books

1. Operating System Concepts and Design ,Milan Milenkovic,Tata Mcgraw Hill2. Real Time Operating Systems,Allen Berggse and Richard Wellings3. Operating System Concepts by Siberschatz,Galvin4. Software Design methods for concurrent and Real Time Systems,Hassan Gomaa, Addison Wesley,ISBN:0-201-52577-15. Software Design for Real Time Systems ,J.E.Colling,Chapman & Hall Pub,ISBN:0-412-34180-86. Operating System Concepts and Design ,Milan Milenkovic, Tata Mcgraw Hill7. Real Time Operating Systems and prgramming, Allen Burns and Richard Wellings + Internet Materials (PPT and PDf available of this book)8. Operating System Concepts by Siberschatz, Galvin 

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ESD 605 Signals & Systems

ESD605 SIGNALS AND SYSTEMS

1. Mathematical preliminaries:Solution of Differential equations, The Natural response, Forced response and total response, Matrix algebra, inverse of a matrix, eigen values, eigen vectors. (3 hours)

2. Signals basics: Definition of signals & systems, Classification of signals: Continuous-time & Discrete-time signals, deterministic & random signals, even & odd signals, Periodic & non-periodic signals, Energy & power signals, Basic operations on signals, precedence rule for time shifting, scaling & folding, Elementary signals. (6 hours)

3. Time- domain analysis of Continuous and Discrete -time systems:Types of systems: Linear & non-linear, Time variant & time invariant systems, Causal & non-causal , static &dynamic , stable & unstable systems, Linear time- invariant systems (LTI), Convolution integral, Convolution sum, Conditions for stability. (6 hours)

4.Continuous- time Fourier series (CTFS): Properties Linearity time shift frequency shift scaling differentiation, convolution in time, modulation(multiplication theorem), parseval’s theorem, Dirichlet’s conditions for Convergence, problems (3 hours)

5. Discrete Time Fourier Transform (DTFT): Properties, linearity, time shift, frequency shift, scaling, Differentiation in frequency domain, time reversal, convolution multiplication in time, Parseval’s theorem, problems (3 hours)

6. Continuous- Time Fourier Transform (CTFT): Properties, problems (2 hours)

7. Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT): Problems on DFT, Circular Convolution, DIT-FFT Algorithm Development, problems on DIT-FFT & DIF-FFT for N=4-point & for N=8- point. (4 hours)

8. Laplace Transform: Region of convergence, Solution to differential equation, Implementing Continuous- time systems using Direct form I &II structure. (2 hours)

9. Z-Transform: Properties of Region of Convergence (ROC), Properties of Z-transforms, Inverse Z-transform using Long division method & partial- fraction Method. Implementing Discrete- Time systems using Direct form I&II structure. (4 hours)

10. Sampling & Reconstruction: Sampling & Nyquist theorem, Sinc interpolation practical reconstruction. (3 hours)

1. Signals and Systems,Haykin,Wiley2. Signals and System,Opennheim,Willisky and Nawab,PHI3. Signals and Systems, Ziemer R.E,Tranter W.H. and Fanin D.R,

Pearson4. System and Signal Analysis, Chi Tsong Chen,Saunders College

Pub5. Signals and System,Nagrath J,TMH6. For unit 8:Laplace transform: Systems & Linear signals by B.P.LATHI (oxford

publication)

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ESD 607 Digital Signal Processing

1. Introduction to filters

1.1 Need for filters, types of filters, Finite Impulse Response (FIR) filters, Infinite Impulse Response (IIR) Filters, structures for implementing filters and their hardware level implementation, designing IIR filters from analog proto-types (chebyshev, butter-worth, elliptic), designing IIR filters by Bi-linear transforms, Impulse invariance method, Pole zero placement method. Design of FIR filters by windowing techniques, frequency sampling techniques and optimum equi-ripple design method. Finite word length effects of quantization co-efficients, comparison of FIR and IIR filters

1.2 Use of MATLAB for digital filters analysis and design. Hands on exercises using the tools for digital filters analysis and design

2. DSP Processor architecture:

2.1 Introduction to DSP Processors Differences between DSP and other microprocessor architectures, their comparison, need for special DSPs, RISC vs CISC. Overview of various DSP architectures. Fixed Point DSPs Architectures of ADSP21XX Series Processor, TMS 320C5X and C54X processors, addressing modes, pipelining. On- chip peripherals

2.2 DSP Interfacing and Development Tools Interfacing with I/O, Analog to digital converters, interfacing to PC, Dual ported RAM, EEPROMs, EPGAs DSP tools: assembler, debugger, C Compiler, linker and loader

2.3 Overview of Other DSPs and Applications (20%)VLIW Architectures, SHARC, SIMD, MIMD Architectures, multiprocessors DSPs and other analog DSPs, application: Adaptive filter, spectrum analyzer, echo cancellation, modem, voice synthesis & recognition, Choice of DSP Processors for Practical Applications, case studies like MPEG-2, Motion estimation/compensation chips.

Reference Books1. Introduction to Digital Signal Processing,Proakis J.G and D.G. Manolakis,PHI2. Discrete Time Signal Processing,Oppenheim A.V and Schafer R.W.,Pearson3. DSP:A Computer Based approach,(2e),Sanjay.K MItra4. Introduction to Digital Signal Processing,Johnson J.R,PHI5. DSP Processor Fundamentals:Architecture and

Features,A.Shoham,S.Chand,20006. Texas Intruments TMS320C6X user manuals,application notes.

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7. DSP Processor Fundamentals, Phil Lapsley,S Chand and Company8. Digital Signal Processors-Architecture, Programming and Applications,

B.Venkataramni & M.Bhaskar, Tata-Mcgraw Hill Pub.9. www.TI.com

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ESD 609 Digital System & VLSI Design

1.0 Review of Digital Logic Circuits Design [6 hrs]

1.1 Combinational circuits - Design steps1.1.1 Arithmetic Circuits - Full adder, Serial Adder,

Adder/Subtractor, Ripple Carry Chain, Carry Look-Ahead adder, Carry Select Adder, ALU, Parity Generator, Comparator, Multiplier. Generalization of these Principles.

1.1.2 PLA, PAL, PLD, CPLD, ROM, FPGA – introduction1.2 Sequential circuits - Design steps

1.2.1 Flip-flops, registers, counters1.3 Finite State Machines

1.3.1 Introduction to FSMs, capabilities, minimization and transformation of sequential machines

1.3.2 Synchronous and asynchronous FSMs1.3.3 Mealy and Moore machines1.3.4 State assignment of synchronous sequential machines1.3.5 Structure of sequential machines1.3.6 Verification and testing of sequential circuits

1.4 Review of logic families1.4.1 Different logic families and their comparison1.4.2 Logic levels & Noise margin features1.4.3 Fan-in, Fan-out, Active load, Sinking & Sourcing currents1.4.4 Propagation delay1.4.5 MOS technology and VLSI

2.0 MOS transistor theory [6 hrs]2.1 Introduction2.2 MOS device design eqations2.3 CMOS inverter – DC characteristics2.4 Static load MOS inverters2.5 Pass transistor, Transmission gate, tristate inverter

3.0 Circuit characterization [4 hrs]3.1 Resistance estimation3.2 Capacitance estimation3.3 Switching characteristics3.4 CMOS gate transistor sizing3.5 Power dissipation3.6 Scaling principles

4.0 CMOS circuit and layout design [6 hrs]4.1 CMOS logic gate design4.2 Basic physical design of simple gates4.3 CMOS logic structures4.4 Clocking strategies

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5.0 Memory, registers & System timing aspects [3 hrs]5.1 3 transistor memory cell5.2 nMOS pseudo static memory cell, Two 4-bit words of RAM

array

6.0 Practical realities and ground rules [3 hrs]6.1 Performance, Floor plan & Layout6.2 I/O pad layout6.3 System delays

Total teaching Hours: 28 hours

References: T. L. Floyd, Digital Fundamentals, Fourth Edition, Macmillan Publishing,

1990 M. M. Mano, Digital Design, Prentice Hall, 1984 P. K. Lala, Practical Digital Logic Design and Testing, Prentice Hall,

1996 Zvi Kohavi, Switching and Finite Automata Theory, McGraw-Hill, 1978. Neil H. E. Weste, Kamran Eshraghian, Principles of CMOS VLSI Design: a

systems perspective, Second Edition, Addison Wesley, 1999. Douglas A Pucknell & Kamran Eshraghian, Basic VLSI design: Systems

and Circuits John F Wakerly, Digital Design : Principles and Practices Zoron Salcic, VHDL and FPLDs in Digital Systems Design, Prototyping

and Customisation

ESD 611 Data Structures and Algorithms

ESD611 / DES601 / EDA605 Data Structures & AlgorithmsUnit 1: INTRODUCTION TO ALGORITHMS 3 hrs

1.1 Notion of Algorithm1.2 Fundamentals of Algorithmic problem Solving1.3 Important problem types1.4 Analysis Frame work1.5 Asymptotic Notations &Basic efficiency classes.

Unit 2 : INTRODUCTION TO DATA STRUCTURES 1 hrs2.1 Information & meaning2.2 Arrays2.3 Structures.

Unit 3 : STACKS , RECURSION & QUEUES 5 hrs3.1 Definition & examples3.2 Representing (operations) Stacks3.3 Applications3.4 Recursive Definition & processes3.5 Applications

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3.6 Queues & its representation3.7 Different types of Queues.

Unit 4: LINKED LISTS 3 hrs4.1 Introduction 4.2 Different types of lists & their implementation.

Unit 5: TREES & GRAPHS 7 hrs5.1 Binary Trees5.2 Binary tree Representation5.3 The Huffman Algorithm 5.4 Representing lists as trees5.5 Balanced Search Trees5.6 Expression Trees5.7 Tree Traversal Techniques5.8 Introduction to Graphs and their Representations.5.9 DFS &BFS Search5.10 Topological Sorting

Unit 6: DIVIDE & CONUQER 3 hrs6.1 Merge Sort6.2 Quick sorts.6.3 Binary search6.4 Strassen’s Matrix Multiplication

Unit 7: TRANSFORM & CONQUER 3 hrs7.1 Balanced search trees, AVL Trees, 2-3 Trees, Splay Trees7.2 Heaps and Heap sort

Unit 8: DYNAMIC PROGRAMMING 3 hrs8.1 Wars hall’s and Floyd’s Algorithm8.2 Knapsack and Memory function

Unit 9: GREEDY TECHNIQUE. 3 hrs9.1 Prim’s Algorithm9.2 Kruskal’s Algorithm9.3 Dijkstras Algorithm

Unit 10: BACK TRACKIN, BRANCH &BOUND 5 hrs10.1 n-queens problem10.2 subset- sum problem10.3 Assignment problem10.4 Knapsack problem10.5 Travelling-salesman problem.

Text Books :-1. The Design and analysis of algoritms by “Anany levitin”2. Data structures using c by “ Yedidyah Langsam. Moshe.j.Augenstein and M

Tenenbaum” .Reference :-

1. Data Structures and Algorithms by “Mark Allen Weis”.2. Algorithm Design by “Michael T. Goodrich”

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Second Semester ESD 608 Systems SoftwareESD608 / DES602 / EDA611.2 Systems Software

1. Introduction to Assemblers : a. Assembly Lan. Prog., b..Assembly scheme, RB1- Sec 4.1, Sec 4.2

2. Assemblers Design: a. Pass structure of Assemblers b: Design of a two pass assemblers –RB1 - Sec 4.3, Sec 4.4

3. Loaders and Linkers: Relocating & Linking Concepts, Design of a linker, linking for Overlays, Loader- RB1- Chapter 7

4. Virtual Machines: a. Virtual Machine Concepts b. Java Byte Code c. MIL Any book on java arcitecture and .net architecture, Information from Sun Microsystem and Microsoft Web Site

5. Lexical Analysers: a. Regular Expression b. Finate State Machine-NFA, DFA, c.DFA from regular Expression d. Desgining Lexical Analyser- RB2- Sec 3.3 to 3.8

6. Context Free Grammers: a. Languages,Grammars,Ambiguity,parse Trees b.Parsing, top-down parsing, bottom-up parsing ideas- RB2-Sec 4.2 & 4.3

7. Parser Introduction a. Introduction b. Recursive Descent Parsing- RB2-Sec 4.3 partially, Sec 4.4 partially

8. Parser Design: a. Removing Left Recursion b. Desigining Recursive Descent parsers- RB2-Sec 4.3 & 4.4

9. Paser Design: a. Predictive parsing b. LL(1) grammars- RB2- Sec 4.5 Partially10. Paser Design: a Bottom - Up Parsing with LR(k) parsers b. Shift-Reduce parsing- RB2-

Sec 4.5Sec 4.711. Intermediate Code:a . Parse trees ,Three address codes, Quadruples and Triples- RB2-

Sec 8.112. Code Optimization:a. Principle Source of optimization b..DAG representation of basic

blocks- RB2- Sec 10.2 & Sec 9.8

Refrence Book:1. (RB1) System Programming & Operating System BY D M Damdhere2. (RB2) Compliers Principles,Techniques and Tools by Aho, sethi and Ulman3. System Software By L Bach4. Crafting a Compiler with C By Charles N. Fischer, Richard J.leBlanc,Jr.5. Compiler Constuction Principles & Practice By kenneth C Louden

ESD 610 Embedded Control Systems

This module aims to introduce Basics of Control Systems and it’s relevance to the Automotive Domain.

ESD610 Embedded Control Systems

This module aims to introduce Basics of Control Systems and it’s relevance to the Automotive Domain.

Introduction to Control Systems and its Classification Introduction to Control Systems and its need, Application areas of Control System, field interacting in control system engineering, classification of control systems

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Modeling  System Modeling: Mathematical Modeling of Control Systems Mechanical, transnational, Rotational, Gear Trains, RC and RLC Circuits. (Transfer function Approach and State Space Approach) Force Voltage and Force Current Analogy, DC Motor Modeling – Field Controlled and Armature Controlled, Liquid Level Control Systems, Hydraulic Control Systems, Pneumatic Control Systems, Relays, Thermal Systems, Introduction to Block Diagrams & Signal Flow Graphs 

Time domain analysis First Order, Second Order Control System response for typical inputs like Step, Ramp and impulse inputs, Behavior of Controllers Error Analysis - Type number, Characteristic Equation, Poles and Zeroes concept, Error Analysis and performance criterion Stability analysis Routh Hurwitz stability criteria, Root Locus

Controller design using time response analysis Proportional, integral, derivative controllers, P, PI, and PID Control Actions and Mathematical models Frequency domain analysis  Polar Plot, Nyquist Plot, Bode Plot

Text books1.Modern control engineering ( 4th

edition ) by Katsuhiko Ogata2.Control systems engineering by I.J Nagrath and M.Gopal3.Control systems: The state variable approach conventional and matlab

ESD 612 Embedded Software Engineeringhttp://www.mathworks.com/industries/auto/eng_tasks/embedsys.html

This Module focuses on the Automotive Software Architecture, Design, Test and Modeling Tools

ESD612Embedded Software Engineering

Unit 1: Software Engineering Principles: Introduction, Software Processes, Software Requirements, System Models, Component based Software Engineering, Verfication and Validation, Software Testing. (Text Book 1)Unit 2: Critical Systems: Critical System Specification, Critical Systems Development, Critical System Validation, Software Cost Estimation. (Text Book 1)Unit 3: Basic Real Time Concepts: Terminology, Real Time System Design Issues, Example Real Time Systems, Common Misconceptions, Brief History. (Text Book 2)Unit 4: Hardware Considerations: Basic Architecture, Hardware Interfacing, Central Processing Unit, Memory, Input/Output, Enhancing Performance, Other Special Devices, Non Von Neumann Architectures. (Text Book 2)

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Unit 5: Real Time Operating Systems: Real Time Kernels, Theoretical Foundations of Real Time Operating Systems, Intertask Communication and Synchronization, Memory Management.(Text Book 2)Unit 6: Software Requirements Engineering for Embedded Systems: Requirements-Engineering Process, Types of Requirements, Requirements Specification for Real Time Systems, Formal Methods in Software Methods, Structured Analysis and Design, Object Oriented Analysis and the Unified Modeling Language, Organizing the Requirements Document, Organizing and Writing Requirements, Requirements Validation and Review. (Text Book 2)Unit 7: Software System Design: Properties of Software, Basic Software Engineering Principles, The Design Activity, Procedural Oriented Design, Object Oriented Design. (Text Book 2)Unit 8: Programming Languages and the Software Production Process: Introduction, Assembly Language, Procedural Languages, Object Oriented Languages, Coding Standards. (Text Book 2)Unit 9: Performance Analysis and Optimization: Theoretical Preliminaries, Performance Analysis, Application of Queuing Theory, I/O Performance, Performance Optimization, Results from Compiler Optimization, Analysis of Memory Requirements, Reducing Memory Utilization.(Text Book 2)Unit 10: Engineering Considerations: Metrics, Faults, Failures and Bugs, Fault Tolerance, Systems Integration, Refactoring Real Time Code, Cost Estimation using COCOMO. (Text Book 2)

Text Books:1. Sommerville, “Software Engineering”, Pearson Education, 8th Edition, India.2. Philip A Laplante, “Real Time Systems Design and Analysis”, Third Edition, Wiley

Publications.

ESD 614 Device Drivers

1.0 Kernel and Device Drivers1.1. Components of the Kernel1.2. User Space vs. Kernel Space1.3. Device Drivers and Advantages of Modules1.4. Types of Devices

2.0 Linux Kernel: Sources and Installation2.1. Installing the Kernel Source2.2. lilo and Boot-up Sequence2.3. Configuring and installing the Kernel

3.0 Linux Kernel: Methods3.1. System Calls vs. Library Functions3.2. How System Calls are Made3.3. Scheduling Algorithms3.4. IPC: Message Queues, Semaphores and Shared Memory3.5. Locking Mechanisms3.6. Atomic Functions and Semaphores

4.0 Linux Kernel: Threads4.1. Multi-threading under Linux

5.0 Modules5.1. Module Utilities, Finding Modules, Compiling a Module, Kernel

Versions

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5.2. Exporting Symbols, using Non-exported Symbols and System Calls From Modules

6.0 Debugging Techniques6.1. Error Numbers, Printk, Using IOCTLS: Querying the Driver6.2. Proc Entry, Tracing, Debugger and kdb, kgdb, kgdb

Demonstration7.0 Character Devices8.0 Memory Management

8.1. Virtual and Physical Memory8.2. Page Tables, Caching, Swapping, Block Buffering, Mapping

Functions9.0 User and Kernel Space

9.1. put (get)_user and copy_to (from)_user10.0 Memory Allocation

10.1. kmalloc: Small allocations, get_free_pages: Allocating pages at a time, vmalloc: Large allocations

11.0 IOCTLS11.1. Calling Ioctls, Driver Entry point for Ioctls, Defining Ioctls

12.0 Interrupt Handling12.1. Installing an Interrupt Handler, Enabling/Disabling Interrupts,

Auto-detecting IRQs13.0 Direct Memory Access (DMA)

Reference Books Linux Device Drivers (Nutshell Handbook) Alessandro Rubini - O'Reilly Publishers

ESD 616 Control Systems Modeling & SimulationESD616Control Systems Modeling & Simulation1. Control System Introduction2. Controller Design

The design problem, Preliminary Considerations of Classical Design, Realization of Basic Compensators, Cascade Compensation in time Domain, Cascade Compensation in frequency Domain

3. Tuning of PID Controllers Feedback Compensation, Robust Control System Design.

4. Digital Control Systems Introduction, Spectrum Analysis of Sampling Process, Signal Reconstruction, Difference Equations, The Z transform, The Z transfer Function, The Inverse Z transform and Response of Linear Discrete time Systems, The Inverse Z transform Analysis of Sampled data Control Systems, The Z and S domain Relationship, Stability analysis, Compensation Techniques

5. State Variable Analysis and DesignIntroduction, Concepts of State, State Variables and State Model, State Model for Linear Continuous-time Systems, State Variables and Linear Discrete time systems, Diagonalization, Solution of State Equations, concept of Controllability and Observability, Pole placement by State Feedback, Observer Systems

6. Nonlinear Systems

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Introduction, common Physical Nonlinearities, The Phase plane Method: Basic Concepts, Singular Points, stability of Nonlinear Systems, construction of Phase- Trajectories, The Describing function Method: Basic Concepts, Derivation of Describing Functions, stability analysis by Describing Function Method, Jump resonance, lipunov’s Stability Criterion

7. Introduction to control of speed and position.8. Introduction to motion, pressure, temperature and other sensors used in control

engineering.9. Motors and Actuators; DC Motors; AC Motors; Modeling electromechanical systems; Stepper

motors;, Motor Drives; DC motor drives - lower power and Servomotor drives; Lower power variable speed AC motor drives; Brushless DC motors.

10. Electro-hydraulic actuators; Servovalves; Hydraulic actuators; Modeling of Electro-hydraulic actuators; Electro-hydrostatic actuators; Modeling of Electro-hydrostatic actuators; Feedback control of Servos; Stability; Design of Servo-systems.

Text book1. Control Systems Engineering ,Nagrath I.J,Gopal M, new Age InternationalReference Books1. System Modeling,Nagrath.I.J,Gopal M.2. Control System principles and Design M Gopal 2nd edition TMH 2003 3. Modern Control Engineering ,Ogata Katsuhiko,PHI,20044. Control System Engineering ,Norman S. Nise5. System Dynamics,Ogata,3e,19986. Analog and Digital Control System design, C. T. Chen, Saunders College Pub.

ESD 618 Design using MicrocontrollersESD618 / DES612.2 / EDA610.1 Design using MicrocontrollersObjectives:

To understand basic microcontroller architecture and operation, to be able to interface a microcontroller with the outside world, and to be able to program a microcontroller using both assembly language and C to implement a given design.Course Outcome:

1. Describe the fundamentals of microcontroller organization and operation. Show the transfer of information, from register to register to memory for each instruction.

2. Develop an understanding of embedded system design life cycle and co design concept.3. Deal with the internal architecture and design methodology of a micro-controller based

embedded system.8051 MICROCONTROLLER8051 Micro controller hardware- I/O pins, ports and circuits- External memory -Counters and Timers-Serial Data I/O- Interrupts-Interfacing to external memory and 8255.8051 PROGRAMMING AND APPLICATIONS8051 instruction set - Addressing modes - Assembly language programming - I/O port programming -Timer and counter programming - Serial Communication - Interrupt programming -8051 Interfacing: LCD, ADC, Sensors, Stepper Motors, Keyboard and DAC.MOTOROLA 68HC11 MICROCONTROLLERSInstructions and addressing modes – operating modes – Hardware reset – Interrupt system – Parallel I/O ports – Flags – Real time clock – Programmable timer – pulse accumulator – serial communication interface – A/D converter – hardware expansion – Assembly language ProgrammingHIGH PERFORMANCE RISC ARCHITECTURE: ARMThe ARM architecture – ARM assembly language program – ARM organization and implementation – The ARM instruction set - The thumb instruction set – ARM CPU cores.

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MS AES(Syllabus)

DEVICES AND BUSES FOR DEVICE NETWORKS I/O Devices - Device I/O Types and Examples – Synchronous - Iso-synchronous and Asynchronous Communications from Serial Devices - Examples of Internal Serial-Communication Devices - UART and HDLC - Parallel Port Devices - Sophisticated interfacing features in Devices/Ports- Timer and Counting Devices - ‘12C’, ‘USB’, ‘CAN’ and advanced I/O Serial high speed buses- ISA, PCI, PCI-X, cPCI and advanced buses.Reference Books1. Muhammad Ali Mazidi, Janice Gillispie mazidi. “The 8051 Microcontroller and Embedded

systems”, Person Education, 2004.2. Valvano "Embedded Microcomputer Systems" Thomson Asia PVT LTD first reprint 20013. Steave Furber, “ARM system – on – chip architecture” Addison Wesley, 2000.4. Rajkamal, Embedded Systems Architecture, Programming and Design, TATA McGraw-Hill,

First reprint Oct. 20035. Alam Clements, “Principles of Computer Hardware” Oxford University press, Fourth Edition

2006.6. Wayne Wolf, Computers as Components: Principles of Embedded Computing System

Design, Morgan Kaufman Publishers, 2001 7. Steve Heath, “Embedded System Design”, Elserien, Second Edition, 2004.

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