Mr. Elliott 1APUSH

WARM UPS

CHAPTERS 18 and 19

Mr. Elliott 2

MONDAY Popular sovereignty: Political doctrine that

allowed the settlers of U.S. federal territories to decide whether to enter the Union as free or slave states. It was applied by Sen. Stephen A. Douglas as a means to reach a compromise through passage of the Kansas-Nebraska Act. Critics of the doctrine called it "squatter sovereignty." The resulting violence between pro- and antislavery factions (Bleeding Kansas) showed its failure as a workable compromise. [people rule]

panacea: A remedy for all diseases, evils, or difficulties; a cure-all. Popular sovereignty was seen as the cure for slavery.

Mr. Elliott 3APUSH

The Know Nothing party wanted to

A. wanted to limit the rights of freed slaves in the South.

B. advocated prohibiting the teaching of evolution in the public schools.

C. backed the early efforts of unskilled workers to form unions

D. supported the claims of farmers against the railroads.

E. demanded an end to immigration into the United States.

Mr. Elliott 4APUSH

Answer: E. demanded an end to immigration into the United States

The Know-Nothing movement was actually a group of secret anti-Catholic, anti-Jewish and anti-immigrant political organizations that called itself the American party. The movement, comprised principally of native-born, white, Anglo-Saxon males, came into being in the 1850s, grew rapidly, and waned almost as quickly. With the passage of the Kansas-Nebraska Act of 1854, the movement gained more supporters. Although originally allied with the Whigs, the phenomenal success of the Know-Nothings as well as growing debate over slavery helped cause the decline and demise of the Whig Party.

Mr. Elliott 5

TUESDAY

filibustering: The use of obstructionist tactics, especially prolonged speechmaking, for the purpose of delaying legislative action.

“fire eaters”: An outspoken group of Southern, proslavery extremists, the Fire-Eaters advocated secession from the Union and the formation of an independent confederacy as early as the 1840s. The group included a number of well-known champions of Southern sovereignty, including South Carolina newspaper editor Robert Barnwell Rhett.

Mr. Elliott 6

Territorial Growth

Mr. Elliott 7APUSH

Cotton's economic success caused slave-owners to look westward for new lands, including Missouri. Which of the following statements about the 1820 Missouri Compromise are true?

I. Missouri was admitted as a slave state.II. The method of apportioning representatives in Congress was determined by the number of slaves and free citizensIII. Maine was admitted as a free state.IV. Slavery was forbidden in the Louisiana Territory lands north of the 36 30 line, except for Missouri.

    (A) I, II, and III only    (B) I and III only    (C) I and IV only    (D) I, III, and IV only    (E) all of the statements are true

Mr. Elliott 8APUSH

Answer:   (D) I, III, and IV onlyExplanation:The Missouri Compromise was an attempt to maintain the balance at 11 each between slave and free states in the U.S. Senate. It offered concessions to both slave and non-slave states, including breaking off the northern section of Massachusetts and admitting it as Maine. Missouri was allowed to enter as a slave state and the remainder of the Louisiana Purchase territory north of the 36°30' parallel was to remain free from slavery.

Mr. Elliott 9

THURSDAY “higher law”: God’s moral law; a moral or religious principle

that takes precedence over the Constitution. In the congressional debate of 1850 William H. Seward, a senator from NY and a strong antislaveryite, argued that the expansion of slavery was forbidden by a higher law than the Constitution.

emancipation: to free from restraint, influence, or to free (a slave) from bondage. Because of the 3/5ths compromise in the Constitution, slaveholders exerted their power through the Federal Government and passed Federal fugitive slave laws. Refugees from slavery fled the South across the Ohio R. and other parts of the Mason-Dixon Line dividing North from South, to the North via the Underground Railroad. If caught they were to be returned to their owners.

Mr. Elliott 10APUSH

Which of the following statements about the Whig Party is not true?

       (A) they opposed President Andrew Jackson and his policies       (B) they were in favor of internal improvements, such as roads and canals, paid for by federal funds       (C) their chief spokesman in the 1830s and 1840s was Henry Clay       (D) they opposed the re-charter of the Bank of the United States.       (E) while not abolitionists, they generally opposed the extension of slavery into any area outside the South

Mr. Elliott 11APUSH

Answer:       (D) they opposed the re-charter of the Bank of the United States

Explanation:The Whig Party reached its zenith in 1840 when it elected William Henry Harrison as president and took clear control of the Congress. Whigs were opposed to Jackson, in favor of internal improvements, led by Clay, and opposed to slavery's extension outside the South. They supported a modern, industrial economy and viewed the Bank of the U.S. as an aid to its growth.

Mr. Elliott 12

FRIDAY incendiaries: tending to arouse strife, sedition, etc.;

inflammatory. Harriet Beecher Stowe and Hinton R. Helper fall into this category as they set the fires of abolition of slavery with the power of their words.

“Beecher's Bibles” : name given to the breech loading Sharps rifles that were supplied to the anti-slavery immigrants in Kansas. The Sharps rifle was a big innovation in firearms during the 1850s. It was highly sought after by men looking to gain political advantage in territorial Kansas. Early in 1856, the Sharps rifle picked up this new nickname because of an article on the Kansas conflict and the effectiveness of the weapon as indicated by abolitionist preacher, Henry Ward Beecher. Beecher believed that the Sharps Rifle was a truly moral agency, and that there was more moral power in one of those instruments, so far as the slaveholders of Kansas were concerned, than in a hundred Bibles

Mr. Elliott 13APUSH

During the Lincoln-Douglas debates in 1858, Lincoln's position on slavery was seen by most as being

    (A) fairly moderate    (B) supportive of the concept of popular sovereignty    (C) not much different than that of Stephen Douglas    (D) pro-Southern    (E) abolitionist

Mr. Elliott 14APUSH

Answer:       (A) fairly moderate

Explanation:

Lincoln, who lost the Senate race to Douglas in 1858 but gained a national reputation because of his position, opposed the extension of slavery into the territories. Douglas, in contrast, suggested that residents could keep slavery out by passing an anti-slavery state constitution if that was what they preferred. Lincoln quoted Jesus in the debates, saying "A house divided against itself cannot stand." It was not until the summer of 1862, in the midst of the Civil War, that Lincoln stood firmly in the camp of those seeking to end slavery.